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111.
Peter G. Stenn H. Dominic Covvey Carlyle Scase Gilbert F. D. Heseltine 《Behavior research methods》1976,8(2):235-237
A laboratory has recently been established in University Hospital based on a PDP-11 /40 processor running a real-time Executive (RSX-ll/D) which has storage and data acquisition peripherals to handle on-line processing of psychophysiological data from patients receiving biofeedback. A data acquisition program has been written which permits the sampling of eight simultaneous channels of data coming from a Hewlett-Packard 7700 electrophysiological recorder system. Input from the patient includes switch closures and variable resistors, thermistors, GSR, electrocardiogram, respiration rate, and a variety of others. Feedback to the patient includes a variety of types of lights, a cathode ray tube storage screen, a character-oriented CRT monitor, and a variety of audio signals. Developers are presently involved in writing the biofeedback section of the programs and an on-line decision-making dependent upon patient response. Simultaneously with laboratory operation, a number of other users are served. These include the Admitting Department and Respiratory Function Laboratory. A rat laboratory will be served also by this facility in the near future via a front-end microprocessor. 相似文献
112.
Dominic W. Massaro 《Psychological research》1977,39(3):277-283
Summary The primary goal of Schulze and Schuster's (1977) experiment was to test Massaro's (1972) hypothesis that the rate of processing of the auditory image after the tone is turned off is equal to the rate of processing the stimulus code while the stimulus is present. The experiment was unsuccessful, however, since the authors did not take into account corresponding changes in the asymptote parameter of the model with changes in stimulus duration. This review discusses the problem in detail along with a general discussion of model testing and appropriate experimental procedure.This research was supported by Public Health Service Grant MH-19399. Wendy L. Idson provided valuable comments. Requests for offprints should be sent to Dominic W. Massaro, Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Johnson at Charter Streets, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA 相似文献
113.
The present study investigated the influence of sex label of an infant on adult men's and women's knowledge of infant development. Two hundred thirty nine adults were asked to indicate on a questionnaire the age at which they believed infants were first able to perform a variety of developmental skills. The 56 skills equally represented cognitive, language, motor, and personal-social behaviors. One third of the adults received a questionnaire about girls, one third about boys, and one third about babies (sex label not provided). Each of the three groups had equal numbers of men and women. Contrary to previous findings, results indicated that the sex label of the infant did not affect adults' ratings of behaviors. This finding is discussed with respect to current cognitive-social psychological conceptualizations of gender stereotypes.Portions of this paper were presented at the annual meeting of the Early Childhood Education Conference, Kent, Ohio, October 1984, and the American Psychological Association, Los Angeles, California, August 1985. 相似文献
114.
John MacDonald Dominic Dwyer Jenny Ferris Harry McGurk 《Behavior research methods》1978,10(6):845-847
A system is described involving an audio-video tape recorder, a control device, and a delay timer that dubs speech sounds onto prerecorded lip movements on videotape. Accuracy of synchrony or measured asynchrony between the sound and lip movements is a few milliseconds. 相似文献
115.
Pitch can be conceptualized as a bidimensional quantity, reflecting both the overall pitch level of a tone (tone height) and its position in the octave (tone chroma). Though such a conceptualization has been well supported for perception of a single tone, it has been argued that the dimension of tone chroma is irrelevant in melodic perception. In the current study, melodies were subjected to structural transformations designed to evaluate the effects of interval magnitude, contour, tone height, and tone chroma. In two transformations, the component tones of a melody were displaced by octave intervals, either preserving or violating the pattern of changes in pitch direction (melodic contour). Replicating previous work, when contour was violated perception of the melody was severely disrupted. In contrast, when contour was preserved the melodies were identified as accurately as the untransformed melodies. In other transformations, a variety of forms of contour information were preserved, while eliminating information for absolute pitch and interval magnitude. The level of performance on all such transformations fell between the levels observed in the other two conditions. These results suggest that the bidimensional model of pitch is applicable to recognition of melodies as well as single tones. Moreover, the results argue that contour, as well as interval magnitude, is providing essential information for melodic perception. 相似文献
116.
Niamh McLoughlin Kathryn A. Leech Nadia Chernyak Peter R. Blake Kathleen H. Corriveau 《The British journal of developmental psychology》2020,38(2):255-267
We examined the relations between the referent of parents and preschoolers’ mental state talk during a collaborative puzzle-solving task (N = 146 dyads; n = 81 3-year-olds, n = 65 4-year-olds). The results showed that parents’ references to their own knowledge and beliefs (self-referent cognitive talk), and references to their child’s knowledge and beliefs (child-referent cognitive talk) were both related to children’s (primarily self-referent) cognitive talk. We then tested whether any of the observed relations could be explained by the presence of conflicting perspectives within the collaborative interaction. Mediational analyses revealed that conflicting perspectives mediated the positive relation between parents’ production of self-referent cognitive talk and child cognitive talk. By contrast, the positive relation between parents’ production of child-referent cognitive talk and child cognitive talk did not depend on the presence of this type of conflict. These findings highlight an important mechanism through which parents’ references to their own mind might promote children’s developing mental state talk in collaborative contexts. 相似文献
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An age apart: the effects of intergenerational contact and stereotype threat on performance and intergroup bias 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
An experimental study examined the effect of intergenerational contact and stereotype threat on older people's cognitive performance, anxiety, intergroup bias, and identification. Participants completed a series of cognitive tasks under high or low stereotype threat (through comparison with younger people). In line with stereotype threat theory, threat resulted in worse performance. However, this did not occur if prior intergenerational contact had been more positive. This moderating effect of contact was mediated by test-related anxiety. In line with intergroup contact theory, more positive contact was associated with reduced prejudice and reduced ingroup identification. However this occurred in the high threat, but not low threat, condition. The findings suggest that positive intergenerational contact can reduce vulnerability to stereotype threat among older people. 相似文献
120.
Can Caring Create Prejudice? An Investigation of Positive and Negative Intergenerational Contact in Care Settings and the Generalisation of Blatant and Subtle Age Prejudice to Other Older People 下载免费PDF全文
Lisbeth Drury Dominic Abrams Hannah J. Swift Ruth A. Lamont Katarina Gerocova 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2017,27(1):65-82
Caring is a positive social act, but can it result in negative attitudes towards those cared for, and towards others from their wider social group? Based on intergroup contact theory, we tested whether care workers' (CWs) positive and negative contact with old‐age care home residents (CHRs) predicts prejudiced attitudes towards that group, and whether this generalises to other older people. Fifty‐six CWs were surveyed about their positive and negative contact with CHRs and their blatant and subtle attitudes (humanness attributions) towards CHRs and older adults. We tested indirect paths from contact with CHRs to attitudes towards older adults via attitudes towards CHRs. Results showed that neither positive nor negative contact generalised blatant ageism. However, the effect of negative, but not positive, contact on the denial of humanness to CHRs generalised to subtle ageism towards older adults. This evidence has practical implications for management of CWs' work experiences and theoretical implications, suggesting that negative contact with a subgroup generalises the attribution of humanness to superordinate groups. Because it is difficult to identify and challenge subtle prejudices such as dehumanisation, it may be especially important to reduce negative contact. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 相似文献