排序方式: 共有36条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Terry A. Beehr Katherine M. Glaser Matthew J. Beehr Dana E. Beehr Dee A. Wallwey Dmitry Erofeev Kristophor G. Canali 《Journal of applied social psychology》2006,36(6):1523-1547
Two studies examined supervisors' satisfaction with subordinates, and its predictors and importance to supervisors. Study 1 found entity relationships in the form of similarity between supervisors' and subordinates' values were uniquely related to satisfaction with subordinates. Liking of subordinates (from LMX theory) appears to link leadership and job-satisfaction domains. In Study 2, entity relationships, functional relationships, and job performance of subordinates were related to supervisors' satisfaction with subordinates. Functional relationships were the strongest and job performance the next strongest predictors. Performance was related moderately to similarity of supervisors' and subordinates' values and functional relationships. Satisfaction with subordinates was not related to supervisors' global satisfaction and turnover intention in either study, suggesting that subordinates may not be very important to supervisors. 相似文献
22.
Dmitry I. Belov Ronald D. Armstrong 《The British journal of mathematical and statistical psychology》2011,64(2):291-309
The Kullback–Leibler divergence (KLD) is a widely used method for measuring the fit of two distributions. In general, the distribution of the KLD is unknown. Under reasonable assumptions, common in psychometrics, the distribution of the KLD is shown to be asymptotically distributed as a scaled (non‐central) chi‐square with one degree of freedom or a scaled (doubly non‐central) F. Applications of the KLD for detecting heterogeneous response data are discussed with particular emphasis on test security. 相似文献
23.
We explore a possibility of generalization of classical truth values by distinguishing between their ontological and epistemic aspects and combining these aspects within a joint semantical framework. The outcome is four generalized classical truth values implemented by Cartesian product of two sets of classical truth values, where each generalized value comprises both ontological and epistemic components. This allows one to define two unary twin connectives that can be called “semi-classical negations”. Each of these negations deals only with one of the above mentioned components, and they may be of use for a logical reconstruction of argumentative reasoning. 相似文献
24.
Test collusion (TC) is sharing of test materials or answers to test questions before or during the test (important special case of TC is item preknowledge). Because of potentially large advantages for examinees involved, TC poses a serious threat to the validity of score interpretations. The proposed approach applies graph theory methodology to response similarity analyses for identifying groups of examinees involved in TC without using any knowledge about parts of test that were affected by TC. The approach supports different response similarity indices (specific to a particular type of TC) and different types of groups (connected components, cliques, or near-cliques). A comparison with an up-to-date method using real and simulated data is presented. Possible extensions and practical recommendations are given. 相似文献
25.
Studia Logica - In the original publication of the article, the authors name were abbreviated as “D. Shkatov” and “C. J. Van Alten”. However it should be “Dmitry... 相似文献
26.
Evtikhin DV Polianskii VB Alymkulov DE Sokolov EN 《The Spanish journal of psychology》2008,11(2):349-362
The neuronal activity in the rabbit's visual cortex, lateral geniculate nucleus and superior colliculus was investigated in responses to 8 color stimuli changes in pairs. This activity consisted of phasic responses (50-90 and 130-300 Ms after stimuli changes) and tonic response (after 300 Ms). The phasic responses used as a basis for the matrices (8 x 8) constructed for each neuron included the average of spikes/sec in responses to all stimuli changes. All matrices were treated by factor analysis and the basic axes of sensory spaces were revealed. Sensory spaces reconstructed from neuronal spike discharges had a two-dimensional (with brightness and darkness axes) or four-dimensional (with two color and two achromatic axes) structure. Thus it allowed us to split neurons into groups measuring only brightness differences and the measuring of color and brightness differences between stimuli. The tonic component of most of the neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus showed linear correlation with changes in intensities; therefore, these neurons could be characterized as pre-detectors for cortical selective detectors. The neuronal spaces demonstrated a coincidence with spaces revealed by other methods. This fact may reflect the general principle of vector coding (Sokolov, 2000) of sensory information in the visual system. 相似文献
27.
Dmitry Zaitsev 《Studia Logica》2009,92(2):265-280
In their useful logic for a computer network Shramko and Wansing generalize initial values of Belnap’s 4-valued logic to the
set 16 to be the power-set of Belnap’s 4. This generalization results in a very specific algebraic structure — the trilattice
SIXTEEN
3 with three orderings: information, truth and falsity. In this paper, a slightly different way of generalization is presented.
As a base for further generalization a set 3 is chosen, where initial values are a — incoming data is asserted, d — incoming data is denied, and u — incoming data is neither asserted nor denied, that corresponds to the answer “don’t know”. In so doing, the power-set of
3, that is the set 8 is considered. It turns out that there are not three but four orderings naturally defined on the set
8 that form the tetralattice EIGHT
4. Besides three ordering relations mentioned above it is an extra uncertainty ordering. Quite predictably, the logics generated
by a–order (truth order) and d–order (falsity order) coincide with first-degree entailment. Finally logic with two kinds of operations (a–connectives and d–connectives) and consequence relation defined via a–ordering is considered. An adequate axiomatization for this logic is proposed. 相似文献
28.
The present paper is based on thrice-repeated measures. The sample constituted 561 Jewish Israeli adults who experienced these terror attacks. The study examined individual, community and national resilience and their associations with resilience-promoting factors (sense of coherence, social support, and self-efficacy); as well as resilience-suppressing factors (distress symptoms, sense of danger, and exposure). Results indicated that resilience scores were quite stable across the three repeated measures, whereas sense of coherence, distress symptoms, sense of danger, and exposure significantly changed across the three repeated measures. Sense of coherence was the best predictor for individual, community, and national resilience. 相似文献
29.
Litcher L Bromet E Carlson G Gilbert T Panina N Golovakha E Goldgaber D Gluzman S Garber J 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2001,29(2):165-175
This paper examines the psychometric properties of the Children's Somatization Inventory (CSI) in 600 10–12-year old children in Kyiv, Ukraine, replicating and extending the original findings from a sample in Nashville, Tennessee (J. Garber et al. 1991). The Kyiv children had significantly lower CSI total scores and reported significantly fewer symptoms than the American children. The Kyiv mothers, however, reported significantly more somatization symptoms in their children than did the American mothers. A factor analysis of the children's data yielded four similar factors encompassing pseudoneurologic, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and pain/weakness symptoms. Consistent with the findings from the Nashville study, the CSI was significantly related to the children's self-reports of health and depressive and anxiety symptoms and to maternal reports of child depression and anxiety symptoms. In addition, although more children with the highest CSI scores (25+) reported various illness experiences than those with 0–1 symptoms, no differences were found in the school absentee records. Thus, the results were congruent with the findings of the Nashville study, indicating that the CSI reliably measured somatization in this Ukrainian sample. 相似文献
30.
Ontological Security and Public (Mis)Recognition of International Crises: Uncertainty,Political Imagining,and the Self
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Dmitry Chernobrov 《Political psychology》2016,37(5):581-596
Public narratives of unexpected international events frequently help (re)imagine uncertainty as something familiar or predictable. This process underlies social and political responses and is deeply significant in relation to identity and boundary security. I propose to read early perceptions of international crises through a reformulation of ontological security principles that find motivation for behavior in self‐identity needs. Political imagining is shown to seek continuous self‐concepts and to routinize new encounters within familiar and self‐affirming frames. This article suggests a new approach to ontological continuity: instead of an unchanging narrative, its security may rest in a continuously positive version of the self, with narratives of others balancing and securing the relationship. In the second half of the article, I draw on interviews about the “Arab Spring” to show how illusions of recognizing unexpected events and the political imagining this produces can be motivated by self‐concepts in need of security. 相似文献