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21.
Two studies examined the relations between three different types of jealousy and personality characteristics of self and partner in two large heterogeneous community samples of heterosexual couples (459 and 230 couples, respectively). It was expected that partners would resemble each other to some extent in both the experience of different types of jealousy and personality characteristics, and that self-reported levels of neuroticism (+) and extraversion (−) would be related to higher levels of jealousy. Moreover, it was expected that partner extraversion would be related positively to levels of jealousy, and that similarity with regard to personality characteristics would be related to lower levels of jealousy. Results largely supported our expectations with regard to both partner similarity and self-reported personality characteristics. However, our expectations with regard to partner extraversion and similarity were not supported. 相似文献
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Gebhardt WA Ter Doest L Dijkstra A Maes S Garnefski N Jan De Wilde E Kraaij V 《Perceptual and motor skills》2007,105(2):546-548
In a sample of 1287 adolescents, it appeared that weekly exercise facilitates a variety of goals; particularly those related to being or remaining healthy, feeling relaxed, not being bored, feeling physically good, not being stressed, and attaining high achievements were endorsed. Sedentary and active adolescents reported a similar order of 10 specific goals with respect to the likelihood of being positively influenced by exercise. The frequency of reported facilitation for each of the goals, however, was higher among the active adolescernts. This suggests that the more exercise is incorporated in daily life, the more it can be regarded as an integral part of the personal goal structure. 相似文献
24.
The current study examined four factors that were expected to influence recognition accuracy of previously retrieved events: remoteness of the event, rated emotionality of the event, the type of changes that were made to the original memory report, and the plausibility of these changes. This was done in a study with 33 participants who were tested for recognition accuracy of original and altered reports a year after they had initially reported these autobiographical memories. Participants evaluated original and altered reports as being authentic or not. High recognition accuracy occurred for report evaluations of events that were recent, that contained central changes, and that had higher emotional intensity ratings. Recognition errors were more likely to occur when the original events were remote and when altered reports contained peripheral and plausible changes. These findings demonstrate the vulnerability of recognition accuracy in older adults under difficult retrieval conditions. 相似文献
25.
Being Admired or Being Liked: Classroom Social Status and Depressive Problems in Early Adolescent Girls and Boys 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Oldehinkel AJ Rosmalen JG Veenstra R Dijkstra JK Ormel J 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2007,35(3):417-427
This study investigates associations between depressive problems and classroom social status in a large population cohort of Dutch early adolescents (N = 1046, age 13.52 +/- 0.51, 52.4% girls). Depressive problems were assessed by parent and self-reports and classroom status by peer nominations. We assessed peer status with respect to both achievement-related (being a good learner, being good at sports, being good-looking) and affection-related (being liked, being disliked, being best friend) areas. In boys, depressive problems were most strongly associated with not being good at sports, while in girls the association was strongest for not being liked. The risk of a low status in one area could largely be compensated by a high status in another area. 相似文献
26.
Wijngaards-de Meij L Stroebe M Schut H Stroebe W van den Bout J van der Heijden PG Dijkstra I 《Personality & social psychology bulletin》2007,33(4):537-548
The impact of adult attachment on psychological adjustment among bereaved parents and the mediating effect of relationship satisfaction were examined among a sample of 219 couples of parents. Data collection took place 6, 13, and 20 months after loss. Use of the actor partner interdependence model in multilevel regression analysis enabled exploration of both individual as well as partner attachment as predictors of grief and depression. Results indicated that the more insecurely attached parents were (on both avoidance and anxiety attachment), the higher the symptoms of grief and depression. Neither the attachment pattern of the partner nor similarity of attachment within the couple had any influence on psychological adjustment of the parent. Marital satisfaction partially mediated the association of anxious attachment with symptomatology. Contrary to previous research findings, avoidant attachment was associated with high grief intensity. These findings challenge the notion that the avoidantly attached are resilient. 相似文献
27.
In three experiments, we studied the influence of foreign language knowledge on native language performance in an exclusively
native language context. Trilinguals with Dutch as their native and dominant language (L1), English as their second language
(L2), and French as their third language (L3) performed a word association task (Experiment 1) or a lexical decision task
(Experiments 2 and 3) in L1. The L1 stimulus words were cognates with their translations in English, cognates with their translations
in French, or were noncognates. In Experiments 1 and 2 with trilinguals who were highly proficient in English and relatively
low in proficiency in French, we observed shorter word association and lexical decision times to the L1 words that were cognates
with English than to the noncognates. In these relatively low-proficiency French speakers, response times (RTs) for the L1
words that were cognates with French did not differ from those for the noncognates. In Experiment 3, we tested Dutch-English-
French trilinguals with a higher level of fluency in French (i.e., equally fluent in English and in French). We now observed
faster responses on the L1 words that were cognates with French than on the noncognates. Lexical decision times to the cognates
with English were also shorter than those to the noncognates. The results indicate that words presented in the dominant language,
to naive participants, activate information in the nontarget, and weaker, language in parallel, implying that the multilinguals’
processing system is profoundly nonselective with respect to language. A minimal level of nontarget language fluency seems
to be required, however, before any weaker language effects become noticeable in L1 processing. 相似文献
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29.
Older and younger participants read sentences about objects and were then shown a picture of an object that either matched or mismatched the implied shape of the object in the sentence. Participants' response times were recorded when they judged whether the object had been mentioned in the sentence. Responses were faster in the shape-matching condition for all participants, but the mismatch effect was stronger for older than for younger adults, even when the larger variability of the older group's response times was controlled for. These results suggest that older adults may construct stronger situation models than younger adults. 相似文献
30.
Allen RS Burgio LD Roth DL Ragsdale R Gerstle J Bourgeois MS Dijkstra K Teri L 《Psychology and aging》2003,18(4):886-895
Confirmatory factor analysis of the Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist--Nursing Home (RMBPC) replicated the factor structure of the community-based RMBPC (L. Teri et al., 1992). The reliability of the total score was high as indexed by estimates of internal consistency (alpha = .95), test-retest reliability (r = .86), and interrater reliability between 2 interviewers (r = .88). Notably, the interrater reliability between 2 independent certified nursing assistants (CNAs) regarding residents' behavior problem frequency was more modest (r = .46), possibly reflecting the degree to which resident behaviors capture individual CNA's attention. This may have implications for the interpretation of data from the Minimum Data Set. CNAs reported moderately severe burden associated with behavior problems in 47% of residents under their care. 相似文献