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21.
Gary L. Dick 《Psychoanalytic Social Work》2013,20(2):107-125
Fatherhood is evolving. The way that men carry out their paternal role is reflective of the historical time era in which they live, social and cultural forces, both the mother and the father's expectations for fathering behaviors, as well as the father's own innate capabilities, wishes, and desires. Fatherhood is also greatly influenced by men's relationships with their own fathers, the quality of that relationship, and the extent to which the father was emotionally available. The ever-changing role of fathers has been a challenge for the psychoanalytic literature. There is no comprehensive theoretical body of knowledge about fatherhood that takes into account the changing nature of fathering, especially considering men's desires to be emotionally responsive and nurturing parents. This article examines the changing role of the father and suggests a model of paternal involvement that expands the nurturing and available father role to include the father as a selfobject. It discusses the importance of understanding men's relationships with their fathers, a central dynamic in shaping fathers’ involvement with their children. The residual impact of paternal deprivation is explored, followed by two clinical vignettes that symbolize the search for missing selfobject functions. This article concludes by outlining clinical implications and questions to pose to assess the selfobject relationship with one's father. 相似文献
22.
Jin H. Yan Malcolm B. Dick 《Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition》2013,20(3-4):385-410
ABSTRACT This research was designed to test the hypothesis that motor practice can enhance the capabilities of motor control in healthy controls (NC) and patients with a diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and consequently results in better motor performance. Approximately half of the subjects in the NC (n = 31), AD (n = 28), and MCI (n = 29) either received or did not receive practice on a task of fast and accurate arm movement with a digitizer. Changes in movement time (MT), movement smoothness (jerk), and percentage of primary submovement (PPS) were recorded and compared among the three groups across six blocks of trials (baseline and five training sessions). For all subjects, practice improved motor functions as reflected by faster and smoother motor execution, as well as a greater proportion of programming control. Compared to unaffected matched controls, AD and MCI subjects exhibited a greater reduction in movement jerk due to practice. Movement time and PPS data revealed that motor practice appeared to reduce the use of “on-line” correction adopted by the AD or MCI patients while performing the aiming movements. Evidently, their arm movements were quicker, smoother, and temporally more consistent than their untrained peers. The findings of this study shed light on how MCI and AD may affect motor control mechanisms, and suggest possible therapeutic interventions aimed at improving motor functioning in these impaired individuals. 相似文献
23.
Malcolm B. Dick Ross Andel Josh Bricker Jose Brian Gorospe Susie Hsieh Cordula Dick-Muehlke 《Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition》2013,20(2):120-136
Three experiments examined the role of visual feedback on the performance of a fine motor task, namely the rotary pursuit, in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and healthy older adults. After extensive practice tracking a fully visible target, participants in Experiments 1 and 2 were tested under restricted vision (RV) conditions. In both experiments, the two groups showed a drop in performance when vision was restricted, with AD patients showing a significantly larger decline. Tracking improved significantly in normal controls, but not AD patients across the RV trials after the initial drop. When difficulty of the rotary pursuit task was manipulated in Experiment 3 without restricting vision, AD patients and normal controls showed identical patterns of performance. Consequently, it could be concluded that AD patients in the first two experiments were relying more heavily on visual information for accurate performance of the tracking task than their healthy peers. 相似文献
24.
Research from the Netherlands has pointed out that the increased popularity of New Age since the 1960s by no means compensates for the dramatic decline of the Christian churches. From a theoretical point of view, however, it is more important to study why those remarkably divergent developments have occurred in the first place. This article does this by analyzing survey data collected among the Dutch population at large in 1998, focusing on a comparison of the young and the elderly. It is concluded, first, that there are no indications that the decline of the Christian tradition has been caused by a process of rationalization. Second, the decline of the Christian tradition and the growth of nonreligiosity as well as New Age are caused by increased levels of moral individualism (individualization). Implications for the sociological analysis of cultural and religious change are discussed. 相似文献
25.
Michael L. Davidson Mary-June Fox A. O. Dick 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1973,14(1):110-116
A typical trial of this masking experiment involves, in quick succession, presentation of five letters, evocation of an eye movement, and presentation of a spatially localized mask, either a visual-pattern mask or a metacontrast ring. The effect of the mask is to sappress the report of the letter that stimulates the same retinal location, even though the mask appears to cover or surround the letter whose position in real space it shares. Masking is. however, weaker when the eyes move than when they do not. An auxiliary experiment suggests that the spatial aspects of observable (reportable by S) stimulus persistence are unaffected by eye movements, and therefore that observable persistence differs from that susceptible to masking. 相似文献
26.
A. O. Dick 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1971,9(3):350-352
A reaction-time experiment was carried out to examine the relationship between naming and categorization. Ss were shown one item at a time and asked either to name the item or to categorize the item as a letter or number. The size of the stimulus set was varied systematically across Ss. Naming time increased as the stimulus set size increased; categorization time could be predicted by the time required for naming, plus a constant. These results were interpreted as indicating that naming must precede categorization. 相似文献
27.
A. O. Dick 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1974,16(3):575-596
Research on iconic memory is reviewed. Specific issues discussed include the duration of the icon, effects of stimulus variables, types of information lost, selection, processing capacity, and scanning. More general issues include the level of encoding in the icon and its relation to short-term memory. It is also argued that a number of experiments do not show what they were intended to show because of possible methodological problems. The view is developed that iconic memory is postretinal but uncoded; nor is it influenced directly by strategies or subsequent mechanisms. 相似文献
28.
David McConnell Amber Savage Rhonda Breitkreuz Dick Sobsey 《Journal of child and family studies》2016,25(2):530-544
The majority of parents want to continue caring for their sons and daughters with disabilities at home, and they are expected and actively encouraged to do so. Notwithstanding, and for reasons that are not well understood, a substantial number of parents seek to place their disabled son or daughter out-of-home. The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes of parent-carers in Alberta, Canada, toward out-of-home placement. The primary objective was to identify factors that may explain why some families, and not others, seriously consider out-of-home placement as an option for their child. This knowledge is vital for developing social care policies and programs that support parents and promote sustainable family care for children with disabilities. A stratified (by child age group) random sample of 538 families raising children with disabilities in Alberta, Canada took part. Participants completed the family life survey, which incorporated measures of child and family characteristics, sustainability of the daily routine, and out-of-home placement propensity. Results suggest that family placement propensity is inversely associated with the sustainability of the daily routine. Sustainability of the daily routine is, in turn, more strongly associated with social-ecological resources, including parental control-over-work and the adequacy of child care options, than with child characteristics, including activity limitations and behaviour problems. If families have the social-ecological resources they need to create and maintain a daily routine that is congruent with their values and goals, and with the needs, interests and competences of family members, then they are unlikely to give out-of-home placement any serious consideration. 相似文献
29.
LearningRx Cognitive Training Effects in Children Ages 8–14: A Randomized Controlled Trial 下载免费PDF全文
Dick M. Carpenter Christina Ledbetter Amy Lawson Moore 《Applied cognitive psychology》2016,30(5):815-826
In a randomized controlled study, we examined the effects of a one‐on‐one cognitive training program on memory, visual and auditory processing, processing speed, reasoning, attention, and General Intellectual Ability (GIA) score for students ages 8–14. Participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group to complete 60 h of cognitive training or to a wait‐list control group. The purpose of the study was to examine changes in multiple cognitive skills after completing cognitive training with ThinkRx, a LearningRx program. Results showed statistically significant differences between groups on all outcome measures except for attention. Implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research are examined. © 2016 The Authors Applied Cognitive Psychology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 相似文献
30.
Social Identity and Social Exchange: Identification, Support, and Withdrawal From the Job 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Daan van Knippenberg Rolf van Dick Susana Tavares 《Journal of applied social psychology》2007,37(3):457-477
Integrating insights from the social exchange perspective and the social identity perspective, we propose that evaluations of support received from the organization and its representatives and organizational identification interact to predict withdrawal from the job. The relationship of support with withdrawal is proposed to be weaker the more strongly employees identify with the organization. This prediction was confirmed in 2 samples focusing on different operationalizations of support and withdrawal. Study 1 explored the interaction between organizational support and organizational identification in predicting turnover intention; Study 2 investigated the link between supervisor support and organizational identification and absenteeism. The present study thus yields evidence that may lay the groundwork for further integration of social exchange and social identity analyses of organizational behavior. 相似文献