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301.
RESUMENLos autores comienzan analizando el concepto de emoción expresada y los modos de evaluarla en el nucleo familiar de pacientes esquizofrénicos, clarificando sus dos componentes básicos: implicación emocional excesiva y actitud crítica. Seguidamente repasan diversos estudios en torno a la validez y utilidad de este constructo y otros en relación con cuestiones de carácter conceptual y metodológico. Finalmente abordan las implicaciones y desarrollos terapéuticos, centrándose en las intervenciones sociales llevadas a cabo en Gran Bretaña y en la terapia familiar conductual y ofreciendo algunos de sus resultados. El trabajo concluye que la revisión de los estudios sobre emoción expresada en familiares de sujetos esquizofrénicos pone de relieve la adecuación y utilidad de estas medidas, ofreciendo algunas pautas para investigaciones futuras. 相似文献
302.
Jorge Almeida Petra E. Pajtas Bradford Z. Mahon Ken Nakayama Alfonso Caramazza 《Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience》2013,13(1):94-101
Emotional and affective processing imposes itself over cognitive processes and modulates our perception of the surrounding environment. In two experiments, we addressed the issue of whether nonconscious processing of affect can take place even under deep states of unawareness, such as those induced by interocular suppression techniques, and can elicit an affective response that can influence our understanding of the surrounding environment. In Experiment 1, participants judged the likeability of an unfamiliar item—a Chinese character—that was preceded by a face expressing a particular emotion (either happy or angry). The face was rendered invisible through an interocular suppression technique (continuous flash suppression; CFS). In Experiment 2, backward masking (BM), a less robust masking technique, was used to render the facial expressions invisible. We found that despite equivalent phenomenological suppression of the visual primes under CFS and BM, different patterns of affective processing were obtained with the two masking techniques. Under BM, nonconscious affective priming was obtained for both happy and angry invisible facial expressions. However, under CFS, nonconscious affective priming was obtained only for angry facial expressions. We discuss an interpretation of this dissociation between affective processing and visual masking techniques in terms of distinct routes from the retina to the amygdala. 相似文献
303.
Jorge Cardoso Telma Almeida Catarina Ramos Sara Sousa 《Journal of aggression, maltreatment & trauma》2013,22(10):1075-1089
The main objective of the current study was to analyze the mediating role of perceived stress on the relationship between childhood trauma and sleep disturbances among the adult population. The sample of this cross-sectional study was composed of 987 Portuguese adults with sleep disturbances, who completed a self-administered questionnaire about childhood trauma, sleep disturbances, and perceived stress. The results of analyses found that in the model that included the variables childhood trauma and perceived stress, both variables were predictors of sleep disturbances; however, perceived stress was the strongest predictor. Regarding the model with the subtypes of maltreatment, only Emotional Abuse predicted sleep problems. Results of the Path Analysis model showed that perceived stress partly mediates the effect of childhood trauma on adult sleep disturbances. This study has clinical implications, supporting the importance of taking into account childhood trauma and perceived stress during the assessment and intervention of sleep disturbances. 相似文献
304.
In this paper we present the adaptation of the Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale (BADS), developed by Kanter, Mulick, Busch, Berlin, and Martell (2007), in a Spanish sample. The psychometric properties were tested in a sample of 263 participants (124 clinical and 139 non-clinical). The results show that, just as in the original English version, the Spanish BADS is a valid and internally consistent scale. Construct validity was examined by correlation with the BDI-II, AAQ, ATQ, MCQ-30, STAI and EROS. Factor analysis justified the four-dimensions of the original instrument (Activation, Avoidance/Rumination, Work/School Impairment and Social Impairment), although with some differences in the factor loadings of the items. Further considerations about the usefulness of the BADS in the clinical treatment of depressed patients are also suggested. 相似文献
305.
Dias P 《Science and engineering ethics》2011,17(2):233-243
Polanyi insisted that scientific knowledge was intensely personal in nature, though held with universal intent. His insights
regarding the personal values of beauty and morality in science are first enunciated. These are then explored for their relevance
to engineering. It is shown that the practice of engineering is also governed by aesthetics and ethics. For example, Polanyi’s
three spheres of morality in science—that of the individual scientist, the scientific community and the wider society—has
parallel entities in engineering. The existence of shared values in engineering is also demonstrated, in aesthetics through
an example that shows convergence of practitioner opinion to solutions that represent accepted models of aesthetics; and in
ethics through the recognition that many professional engineering institutions hold that the safety of the public supersedes
the interests of the client. Such professional consensus can be seen as justification for studying engineering aesthetics
and ethics as inter-subjective disciplines. 相似文献
306.
Martín Cabré LJ 《American journal of psychoanalysis》2011,71(4):321-328
Here we try to offer a panoramic view on the evolution of the concept of introjection in Ferenczi's thinking, until its culmination in the last annotation of Notes and Fragments on December 26, 1932. In this final note, Ferenczi invented the neologism intropression in which he tried to articulate the notion of introjections with the devastating effects of violence and parental repression, and a definite way to conceive the analytical practice. 相似文献
307.
We examined parenting of adolescents with Consensual Qualitative Research analyses of five 90-minute focus groups with 45 Mexican immigrant parents residing in a high-crime and low-income neighborhood. Parents identified gangs as their major challenge in parenting. Relatedly, they endorsed control-oriented practices to ensure the safety of their adolescents. In addition, parents used practices that aimed to build strong, trusting relationships with their adolescents. The co-occurrence of parenting strategies that promote strong parent-adolescent bonds along with strict monitoring highlights the need to conceptualize parenting with both controlling as well as supportive dimensions. Moreover, the parents' narratives pertaining to the dangers in their neighborhood suggest that interventions for Latino families should be not only consistent with their cultural heritage, but also grounded in the families' local neighborhood contexts. 相似文献
308.
309.
310.
Jorge A. Barraza 《Motivation and emotion》2011,35(2):211-219
Emotional expectations are likely to influence behavioral outcomes, even when entering novel situations. In the present study,
it was proposed that positive emotional expectations would influence volunteer outcomes for new volunteers. New and experienced
volunteers were recruited for a two-part longitudinal study. Study hypotheses were confirmed. The mere anticipation of positive
emotions was able to predict volunteer outcomes for new volunteers. Emotional expectations (i.e., sympathy, satisfaction)
were positively associated with intentions to continue volunteering, identification with the volunteer role, and predicted
volunteer persistence 6 months later for new volunteers. For experienced volunteers, emotional expectations were only significantly
and positively associated with volunteer role identity. Moreover, the intent to persist as a volunteer was found to have a
stronger positive association with actual persistence for experienced volunteers than for new volunteers. 相似文献