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51.
Dena Scher 《Sex roles》1984,10(7-8):651-656
College students' perceptions of the ideal female, ideal male, and self-portrayal were studied using the Bem Sex Role Inventory. Males and females described themselves and their ideals with regard to sex-typed masculine and feminine characteristics. Females described an androgynous model for themselves and their ideal. Males described an androgynous model for their self-portrayal, but sex-typed portrayals for their ideal male and ideal female. The implication of males' inconsistent pattern of responding is discussed. 相似文献
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Dena S. Davis 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》1992,13(4):337-347
There is strong sentiment for a policy which would exclude foreigners from access to organs from American cadaver donors. One common argument is that foreigners are ‘free riders’; since they are not members of the community whichgives organs, it would be unfair to allow them toreceive such a scarce resource. This essay examines the philosophical basis for the free rider argument, and compares that with the empirical data about organ donation in the U.S. The free rider argument ought not to be used to exclude foreign nationals because it is based on fallacious assumptions about group membership, and how the ‘giving community’ is defined. Polls show that even among the seventy-five per cent of Americans who support organ donation, only seventeen per cent had taken the small step of filling out donor cards. Therefore, it goes against logic to define the giving community as coextensive with American residency, while excluding foreigners who might well have become donors had they lived in countries which provided that option. 相似文献
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Student perceptions of the effectiveness of education in the responsible conduct of research 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Responsible conduct of research (RCR) courses are widely taught, but little is known about the purposes or effectiveness of
such courses. As one way to assess the purposes of these courses, students were surveyed about their perspectives after recent
completion of one of eleven different research ethics courses at ten different institutions. Participants (undergraduate and
graduate students, post-doctoral fellows and faculty, staff and researchers) enrolled in RCR courses in spring and fall of
2003 received a voluntary, anonymous survey from their instructors at the completion of the course. Responses were received
from 268 participants. Seventy-seven percent of open-ended responses listed specific kinds of information learned; only a
few respondents talked about changes in skills or attitudes. The perception that courses did more to provide information than
to foster skills or attitudes was verified in quantitative responses (P<0.0001). Over 75% of the respondents specifically
noted that courses were useful in preparing them to recognize, avoid, and respond to research misconduct. The two principal
findings of this multi-institutional study are that respondents reported: (1) a wide variety of positive outcomes for research
ethics courses, but that (2) the impact on knowledge was greater than that for changes in skills or attitudes. 相似文献
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Dena C. Carson Christopher J. Sullivan John K. Cochran Kim M. Lersch 《Deviant behavior》2013,34(1):54-88
This study uses general strain theory to examine the direct and indirect relationship between early victimization and drug use. Few previous studies measure strain as victimization. Also, past studies tend to combine drug use measures with delinquency measures. This study expands this research by operationalizing strain as early victimization and using measures of both frequency and onset of drug use. National Survey of Adolescents data is used to test the hypotheses. The results show that when youth are victimized they will use drugs more frequently and use drugs at a younger age. These relationships were only partially mediated by social bonds and negative emotions. 相似文献
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Michael Kalichman Dena Plemmons Stephanie J. Bird 《Science and engineering ethics》2012,18(3):423-432
Advances in neuroscience continue to enhance understanding of the brain and provide new tools to take advantage of that understanding. These changes are poised to profoundly alter society. Given that the impact will be felt not only by neuroscientists, but by diverse members of society, it is imperative that conversations engage all stakeholders. Doing so will allow for the sharing of diverse views and perspectives to understand and frame the science, better educate and prepare the public for new developments, and provide a shared approach to identifying and resolving ethical challenges. These were the goals of Neuroethics Week, staged in 2007 by the Center for Ethics in Science and Technology in San Diego, and are the basis for the contributions to this special issue of Science and Engineering Ethics. 相似文献
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