Sutherland CA  Bybee DI  Sullivan CM 《American journal of community psychology》2002,30(5):609-636

We investigated the joint mediating effects of injuries and stress on the relationship between abuse and women's health. A community sample of 397 women, half of whom had been assaulted by an intimate partner within the prior 6 months, was interviewed about their experience of intimate partner violence, injuries, stress, income, depression, and physical health problems. Structural equation modeling techniques confirmed the complex model of hypothesized indirect effects of abuse on women's physical health problems through injuries, stress, and depression. Stress accounted for 80% of the indirect effect of abuse on women's physical health. Its direct effect on physical health was somewhat larger than its indirect effect through depression, but both processes played a key role in determining the effect of abuse on women's physical health problems. Furthermore, abuse was a stronger predictor of women's stress than was poverty. Implication and future research are discussed.  相似文献   

    

Nelson DG  Holt MB  Egan LC 《Developmental science》2004,7(5):543-549

In naming artifacts, do young children infer and reason about the intended functions of the objects? Participants between the ages of 2 and 4 years were shown two kinds of objects derived from familiar categories. One kind was damaged so as to undermine its usual function. The other kind was also dysfunctional, but made so by adding features that appeared to be intentional. Evidence that 2‐, 3‐ and 4‐year‐olds were more likely to apprehend the broken objects than the intentionally dysfunctional objects as members of the familiar lexical categories favors the conclusion that, in naming, children may spontaneously infer and reason about design intentions from an early age. This is the first evidence that 2‐ and 3‐year‐olds not only take design intentions into account in object categorization, but that they do so even without explicit mention of the objects’ accidental or intentional histories. The results cast doubt on a proposal that young children's lexical categorization is based on automatic, non‐deliberative processes.  相似文献   

    

Engelman KK  Altus DE  Mosier MC  Mathews RM 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2003,36(1):129-132

We evaluated the efficacy of a brief staff-training procedure to increase the use of graduated prompting by 2 certified nursing assistants (CNAs) while they helped to dress 3 persons with dementia in a seven-bed dementia care unit. The multiple baseline design across participants showed that CNAs dressed residents with minimal resident involvement during baseline observations. Following brief in-service training, CNAs provided graduated prompts and praise appropriately, suggesting that CNAs can promote active involvement in personal care routines by older adults with dementia.  相似文献   

    

Joanne R. Smith  Deborah J. Terry 《European journal of social psychology》2003,33(5):591-608

The interplay between two perspectives that have recently been applied in the attitude area—the social identity approach to attitude‐behaviour relations (Terry & Hogg, 1996 ) and the MODE model (Fazio, 1990a )—was examined in the present research. Two experimental studies were conducted to examine the role of group norms, group identification, attitude accessibility, and mode of behavioural decision‐making in the attitude‐behaviour relationship. In Study 1 (N = 211), the effects of norms and identification on attitude‐behaviour consistency as a function of attitude accessibility and mood were investigated. Study 2 (N = 354) replicated and extended the first experiment by using time pressure to manipulate mode of behavioural decision‐making. As expected, the effects of norm congruency varied as a function of identification and mode of behavioural decision‐making. Under conditions assumed to promote deliberative processing (neutral mood/low time pressure), high identifiers behaved in a manner consistent with the norm. No effects emerged under positive mood and high time pressure conditions. In Study 2, there was evidence that exposure to an attitude‐incongruent norm resulted in attitude change only under low accessibility conditions. The results of these studies highlight the powerful role of group norms in directing individual behaviour and suggest limited support for the MODE model in this context. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

    

Deborah Truneckova  Linda L. Viney 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2007,85(4):450-460

The researchers assessed the effectiveness of personal construct group work done in 3 phases with troubled adolescents. The results provided evidence that personal construct group work was effective in bringing about changes in construing of themselves and others (Phase 1), was perceived by participants as effective (Phase 2), and was shown to be effective through the group processes (Phase 3). These findings and their clinical implications are discussed, together with some limitations in the study.  相似文献   

    

Eva L. Feindler  Randolph B. Ecton  Deborah Kingsley  Dennis R. Dubey 《Behavior Therapy》1986,17(2):109-123

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  总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J M Carlsmith  A E Gross 《Journal of personality and social psychology》1969,11(3):232-239

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Stanley J. Gross 《The Journal of Humanistic Counseling》1978,17(1):2-9

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Fred D. Piercy  Deborah L. Ohanesian 《The Journal of Humanistic Counseling》1976,15(1):41-47

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Deborah A. Allen  Glenn Affleck  Betty Jo McGrade  Maria McQueeney 《Infant behavior & development》1984,7(3):347-359

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