单字法与字表法定向遗忘的比较研究

迄今为止,定向遗忘的研究一般用单字法和字表法展开,而何种方法占优势一直是研究者们争论的焦点。本文在前人．研究的基础上,通过操作指示符变量（记住,遗忘）,尝试着揭示两种方法研究定向遗忘的特点以及机制。     

生态学习观:一种审视学习的新视角

学习理论作为教育心理学的重要组成部分,百余年来发展繁盛。然而,无论是行为主义、信息加工、建构主义、还是目前流行的社会文化观,每一种学习理论所能描述和解释的不过是学习现象的某些方面或某一层次,都未能反映出人类学习的完整图景。本文尝试提出生态学习的思想,试图展现学习的整体、适应和多元的面孔。     

FOK产生机制的再验证

通过用有意义联系和无意义联系的两种中文词对作为识记材料,在以前实验研究基础上,进一步验证关于FOK(Feelingof Knowing)产生机制的两种理论假说,即靶项日记忆强度假说(或靶项目提取可能性假说)与线索熟悉性假说。实验结果表明,靶项目记忆强度和线索熟悉性程度都能决定FOK判断等级的高低,说明两种假说并非绝对对立,非此既彼。但此二因素都需达到一定程度,才能显著影响FOK判断等级的高低。     

跟踪操作业绩与人格特征的关系

本研究发现,跟踪作业的业绩与允许误差值之间有某种规律性的关系。因此,跟踪任务的操纵器设计应考虑最佳宽容度。本文还探讨了不同人格维度与跟踪作业业绩之间的关系。就单个人格维度而言,内倾者的跟踪作业业绩优于外倾者;较高精神质者优于较低精神质者。在神经质维度上表现出高神经质者作业业绩好于低神经质者的倾向。     

定向遗忘影响延时测验吗

延时测验中是否存在定向遗忘效应一直是研究者们争论的焦点。因此,本文用汉语的低频单字作为材料,通过引入保持期变量（即时．延时）．以再认和偏好作为外显和内隐记忆测验束考察定向遗忘是否影响延时测验。     

Object file continuity and the auditory attentional blink

Three experiments were designed to investigate the causes of the auditory attentional blink (AB). Experiments 1A and 1B revealed that there was a larger auditory AB when the target and the distractors were different in two attributes than when they were different in only one attribute. Experiments 2A and 2B showed that for pure-tone distractor sequences, there were small auditory AB deficits when both the target and the probe were different from the distractors in two attributes or in one attribute; however, for pulse distractor sequences, there was a large auditory AB when both the target and the probe were different from the distractors in one attribute, but not when they were different in two attributes. Experiments 3A and 3B revealed that regardless of the relationship of the target to the subsequent distractors, a large AB was generated if it was the first sound in a sequence. Moreover, only a very small AB was apparent when the distractors following the probe were replaced by silence. These results indicated that the auditory AB is affected by both the requirement of creating and consolidating a new object file for the target and the overwriting of the probe by the distractors following it.     

中医和中国哲学中身体的意义:以梦为中心

对梦这个精神现象的考察可从多个角度进行,中国医学和哲学范围内的几种释梦思路反映出对精神状态的一贯重视,但这种重视必须联系身体观念才构成完整的体察。中医把梦视为身体疾病的信号,道家的"至人无梦"说和宋代理学对"孔子梦周公"问题的讨论则涉及两种释梦思路间的转移,即从视梦为精神状态和精神修养的指针到兆示吉凶的征兆。脱离身体的精神化解读暴露的中国古典身体观念和崇圣传统之间的张力,是造成这一转移的主要因素。     

FOK判断等级及其准确性的实验研究

通过实验集中控制了ＦＯＲ判断等级及其准确性的影响因素。实验以中文字串为学习材料,使用组内设计的实验方法研究了被激活信息的量和强度对ＦＯＤ等级及准确性的影响。实验结果表明：ＦＯＫ判断的等级是由被激活信息的总量决定;的,和被激活信息的正确与否无关;ＦＯＤ判断的准确性是由被激活信息的强度决定的;且二者是在内联系的。