全文获取类型
收费全文 | 30264篇 |
免费 | 1378篇 |
国内免费 | 27篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 249篇 |
2020年 | 429篇 |
2019年 | 499篇 |
2018年 | 704篇 |
2017年 | 704篇 |
2016年 | 736篇 |
2015年 | 539篇 |
2014年 | 639篇 |
2013年 | 2821篇 |
2012年 | 1156篇 |
2011年 | 1261篇 |
2010年 | 748篇 |
2009年 | 756篇 |
2008年 | 1019篇 |
2007年 | 991篇 |
2006年 | 953篇 |
2005年 | 840篇 |
2004年 | 801篇 |
2003年 | 811篇 |
2002年 | 805篇 |
2001年 | 946篇 |
2000年 | 918篇 |
1999年 | 677篇 |
1998年 | 376篇 |
1997年 | 378篇 |
1996年 | 322篇 |
1995年 | 303篇 |
1994年 | 271篇 |
1993年 | 294篇 |
1992年 | 495篇 |
1991年 | 474篇 |
1990年 | 479篇 |
1989年 | 448篇 |
1988年 | 402篇 |
1987年 | 400篇 |
1986年 | 441篇 |
1985年 | 451篇 |
1984年 | 396篇 |
1983年 | 331篇 |
1982年 | 253篇 |
1981年 | 274篇 |
1979年 | 296篇 |
1978年 | 278篇 |
1977年 | 238篇 |
1976年 | 230篇 |
1975年 | 281篇 |
1974年 | 344篇 |
1973年 | 281篇 |
1972年 | 260篇 |
1969年 | 238篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
941.
Depression and unemployment: Panel findings from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
David Dooley Ralph Catalano Georjeanna Wilson 《American journal of community psychology》1994,22(6):745-765
Studies that have found an association between unemployment and psychological depression often fail to establish the direction
of causal influence. Analyses of Epidemiologic Catchment Area panel data revealed that of employed respondents not diagnosed
with major depression at first interview, those who became unemployed had over twice the risk of increased depressive symptoms
and of becoming clinically depressed as those who continued employed. Although the increase in symptoms was statistically
significant, the effect on clinical depression was not, possibly because of the low power of the test. The reverse causal
path from clinical depression at Time 1 to becoming unemployed by Time 2 was not supported. The unemployment rate in the respondent's
community at time of interview was not related directly to psychological depression but appeared associated indirectly with
depression via its impact on the risk of becoming unemployed. Implications for policy and further research were discussed.
The research described in this paper was supported by Grant #5 RO1 AA08379-02 from the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse
and Alcoholism. The authors appreciate the suggestions provided by members of the Consortium for Research Involving Stress
Processes sponsored by the W. T. Grant Foundation and by two anonymous journal reviewers. 相似文献
942.
Cris M. Sullivan Rebecca Campbell Holly Angelique Kimberly K. Eby William S. Davidson II 《American journal of community psychology》1994,22(1):101-122
Presented the 6-month follow-up findings of an experimental intervention designed to provide postshelter advocacy services
to women with abusive partners. The intervention involved randomly assigning half the research participants to receive the
free services of an advocate, 4 to 6 hours per week, for the first 10 weeks postshelter. One hundred forty-one battered women
were interviewed about their experiences immediately upon their exit from a domestic violence shelter: 95% of the sample were
interviewed 10 weeks thereafter (postintervention), and 93% were successfully tracked and interviewed 6 months later. At the
6-month follow-up, participants in both groups reported increased social support, increased quality of life, less depression,
less emotional attachment to their assailants, and an increased sense of personal power. Although women in both groups reported
some decrease in physical abuse over time, there were no statistically significant differences between those with and those
without advocates, and abuse continued to be a problem for many women. Those who were still involved with their assailants
continued to experience higher levels of abuse and had been more economically dependent upon the men prior to entering the
shelter. Women who had worked with advocates continued to report being more satisfied with their overall quality of life than
did the women in the control group.
The authors thank the Editor and anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. Thanks also to all present and past staff
of the Community Advocacy Project, who helped in data collection and analyses. This work was supported by National Institute
of Mental Health Grant 1R01 MH 44849. 相似文献
943.
Carl Latkin Wallace Mandell David Vlahov Maria Oziemkowska Amy Knowlton David Celentano 《American journal of community psychology》1994,22(3):415-430
Information is sparse on the social context of illicit drug injection behaviors and their relationship to HIV infection. This
study examined relationships between injection settings, injecting with others, and HIV risk behaviors of sharing needles
and not cleaning contaminated needles in a sample of 630 inner-city injecting drug users in Baltimore, MD. Through open-ended
interviews, five primary settings of injection behavior were identified. These settings included one's own, friends' and mother's
residence, shooting galleries, and semipublic areas. Most participants reported injecting in their own residence (92%) and
friends' residence (86%) in the prior 6 months. In a multiple regression analysis, injecting at friends' residence, in shooting
galleries, and in semipublic areas and frequency of injecting with others were significantly associated with frequency of
sharing uncleaned needles, “slipping” (i.e., failure to disinfect shared needles), and not always cleaning used needles before
injecting. Results suggest that interventions may benefit from targeting settings as well as behaviors to reduce the spread
of HIV.
This research was supported by grants DA04334, DA05911, DA06313, and DA08985 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. 相似文献
944.
David K. Henderson 《Synthese》1994,101(2):129-156
By a macro-level feature, I understand any feature that supervenes on, and is thus realized in, lower-level features. Recent discussions by Kim have suggested that such features cannot be causally relevant insofar as they are not classically reducible to lower-level features. This seems to render macro-level features causally irrelevant. I defend the causal relevance of some such features. Such features have been thought causally relevant in many examples that have underpinned philosophical work on causality. Additionally, in certain typical biological cases, we conceive of causally relevant features at various compatible levels of analysis. When elaborated, these points make a strong prima facie case for macro-level causal relevance. However, we might abandon both the philosophical guideposts and the corresponding explanatory practice in the special sciences were we convinced that no reflective philosophical account could provide for the causal relevance there supposed. I show that such drastic measures are not necessary, for we can make sense of macro-level causal relevance by drawing on Paul Humphreys' recent work in ways suggested by the concrete examples considered here.Some of the work on this paper was undertaken at the 1991 NEH Summer Seminar on Causality, directed by Paul Humphreys. I wish to thank my fellow participants, and Paul Humphreys, John Tienson, and Terry Horgan for helpful comments on earlier drafts of this paper. 相似文献
945.
Forty Danish panic disorder patients participating in a placebo controlled study of alprazolam and imipramine (The Cross National Collaborative Panic Study, Phase II) were followed up by a telephone interview three years later, with essentially the same battery of evaluation procedures applied at baseline, end of study, and follow-up. The main finding was that panic disorder is a chronic disorder, but fluctuating in form and severity in the course of time. Twenty-five percent of the patients no longer fulfilled the DSM-III criteria for panic disorder, but had substantial disability due to a variety of symptoms, including panic attacks at infrequent rate, generalized anxiety symptoms, affective symptoms, and phobic avoidance behavior. Nearly three fourths of the patients were under treatment at follow-up. Benzodiazepines were the drugs most often prescribed, usually in combination with supportive psychotherapy. It was concluded that the different types of treatment offered were insufficient. Variables predicting panic disorder or substantial disability at 3-years follow-up were few. 相似文献
946.
David Resnik 《Erkenntnis》1994,40(3):343-355
InScience and Values (1984) and other, more recent, works, e.g. (1987a, 1987b, 1989a, 1989b, 1990), Larry Laudan proposes a theory of scientific debate he dubs the reticulated model of scientific rationality (Laudan, 1984, pp. 50–66). The model stands in sharp contrast to hierarchical approaches to rationality exemplified by Popper (1959), Hempel (1965), and Reichenbach (1938), as well as the conventionalist views of rationality defended by Carnap (1950), Popper (1959), Kuhn (1962), and Lakatos (1978). Ironically, the model commits some of the same errors Laudan finds in hierarchicalist and conventionalists approaches to scientific rationality. This paper will show that the model can be fixed by recognizing that criteria of goal assessment have no privileged status. These rules are best viewed as simply rules of rationality (or rules of scientific method) by another name. 相似文献
947.
David Michael Levin 《Human Studies》1994,17(3):343-353
This and the following papers were presented at a symposium organized by David M. Levin honoring the work of Eugene Gendlin at meetings of the Society for Phenomenology and the Human Sciences, Boston, October, 1992. 相似文献
948.
949.
Victoria K. Burbank 《Sex roles》1994,30(3-4):169-176
In this introduction to the papers in the special issue of Sex Roles on female aggression, I emphasize the range and variety of our subject and the need for a multiplicity of perspectives. In the work of the eleven authors contained in this volume we can see the utility of both relativist and universalists frameworks. I discuss the problems with identifying aggression and violence cross-culturally and underline the importance of incorporating other perspectives into our theories. I also discuss the potential advantages and shortcomings of phrasing our questions about women's and girls's aggression in terms of sexual difference. 相似文献
950.
Sex Roles - Two questionnaire studies in rural Georgia examined how social and spatial density were related to social burden and social support. Results from the first study, which had 116 female... 相似文献