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11.
Marianne Amir Netta Horesh Tami Lin-Stein 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》1999,6(4):463-479
The moderating effects of two psychological resources—attachment style and perceived social support—on adjustment were studied in 109 infertile women, examining the effects of duration of infertility and of primary (the woman has no child of her own) versus secondary (the woman already has a child of her own) infertility. Subjects were administered questionnaires measuring marital adjustment, psychological distress, and well-being. A model viewing attachment style and social support as moderators between stress psychological well-being was explored. The results showed that among the objective characteristics, only duration of infertility had any impact on the psychological measures. Furthermore, the psychological resources were highly associated with the adjustment scores in general. A hierarchical regression analysis showed that attachment style and social support both were related to marital quality and to psychological well-being and that these two resources function as stress moderators. It was concluded that attachment style and social support are important resources for individuals in times of stress, as exemplified in the infertility situation. 相似文献
12.
Examining the indirect effects of religious orientations on well‐being through personal locus of control 下载免费PDF全文
Danny Osborne Petar Milojev Chris G. Sibley 《European journal of social psychology》2016,46(4):492-505
Religiosity often positively correlates with well‐being. Some orientations towards religion may, however, adversely affect well‐being by decreasing perceptions of personal locus of control—a critical antecedent of mental health. We examined this possibility in a New Zealand‐based national sample of religiously identified adults (N = 1486). As predicted, fundamentalism had a negative indirect effect on life satisfaction, but a positive indirect effect on psychological distress. Conversely, people's intrinsic religious orientation had a positive indirect effect on life satisfaction, but a negative indirect effect on psychological distress. Notably, all four indirect effects were transmitted through personal, but not God, locus of control. These results highlight the diversity of religious orientations and show that religious orientations that deemphasize people's personal locus of control have negative consequences for well‐being. 相似文献
13.
A noticeable feature of the political discourse accompanying the rise of nationalism in white‐majority countries is that white people fare worse than other ethnic groups in their societies. However, it is unclear based on the extant literature why group‐based relative deprivation (GRD) would correlate with majority‐group nationalism. Here, we propose that the psychological function of nationalism for majority‐group members lies in its ability to assuage the negative feelings arising from GRD. Accordingly, in a New Zealand national probability sample (N = 15,607), we found that GRD among whites was negatively associated with well‐being. However, we also found an opposing indirect association mediated by nationalism. GRD was associated with higher nationalism, which was in turn associated with higher well‐being. These findings suggest that endorsing beliefs about national superiority is one way a nation’s dominant ethnic group can cope with the negative psychological consequences of perceiving that their group is deprived. 相似文献
14.
Tal Carthy Netta Horesh Alan Apter James J. Gross 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2010,32(1):23-36
Emotion dysregulation is believed to be a key factor in anxiety disorders. However, the empirical basis for this view is limited,
particularly in children and adolescents. This study aimed to examine whether anxious children display negative emotional
hyper-reactivity and deficits in emotion regulation, using a new task that presents ambiguous situations with potentially
threatening meanings. Forty-nine children diagnosed with either generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety, or separation
anxiety disorder, were compared with 42 non-anxious controls. Relative to controls, anxious children demonstrated (a) greater
intensity and frequency of negative emotional responses, (b) deficits in using reappraisal in negative emotional situations
and corresponding deficits in reappraisal self-efficacy, and (c) greater reliance on emotion regulation strategies that increase
the risk of functional impairment, intense negative emotion, and low emotion regulation self-efficacy. Implications for the
assessment and treatment of childhood anxiety are discussed. 相似文献
15.
The Dispositional Hope Scale (DHS; C. R. Snyder et al., 1991) consists of two subsets of items measuring Agency and Pathways. The authors used bifactor analysis to evaluate the dimensionality structure of the scale. Data from 676 persons (295 psychiatric patients, 112 delinquents, and 269 students) were analyzed. The authors conclude that although the Pathway items seem to explain some additional variance when the Hope scale variance is partionalized out, the DHS allows unidimensional measurement. 相似文献
16.
Heather L. Littleton Karyn Tiedeman Magee Danny Axsom 《Journal of applied social psychology》2007,37(3):515-538
Victim self‐attributions (e.g., that one caused an event or was responsible for its occurrence) have been discussed frequently in the trauma literature. However, little empirical work has sought to test the extant theoretical models conceptualizing why self‐attributions occur. We investigated by meta‐analysis the prevalence and predictors of self‐attributions following 3 traumatic events—sexual victimization, illness, and severe injury—in an attempt to identify predictors of self‐attributions and to examine extant theoretical models. The results supported that self‐attribution is not the modal response to trauma. In addition, partial support was found for the extant theoretical models, but no one model could explain the entire pattern of findings. Implications of these results for future empirical and theoretical work are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Chien-Huang Lin Pei-Hsun Wu Shih-Chieh Chuang Danny T. Kao 《Asian Journal of Social Psychology》2007,10(3):179-187
Prior research seems to have neglected the factors that influence consumers to use price information as an indicator of quality or sacrifice. Based on the concept of 'goal looms larger', Study 1 in the present research demonstrated that the extent to which consumers use price information as an indicator of quality or sacrifice is a function of consumer goal (promotion focus vs prevention focus). Study 2 demonstrated that extremeness aversion is a function of consumer goal. The extent of extremeness aversion is significantly greater for prevention-focused consumers than for promotion-focused consumers. 相似文献
18.
Danny R. Hoyt Rand D. Conger Jill Gaffney Valde Karen Weihs 《American journal of community psychology》1997,25(4):449-470
The implications of exposure to acute and chronic stressors, and seeking mental health care, for increased psychological distress are examined. Research on economic stress, psychological distress, and rural agrarian values each point to increasing variability within rural areas. Using data from a panel study of 1,487 adults, a model predicting changes in depressive symptoms was specified and tested. Results show effects by size of place for men but not for women. Men living in rural villages of under 2,500 or in small towns of 2,500 to 9,999 people had significantly greater increases in depressive symptoms than men living in the country or in larger towns or cities. Size of place was also related to level of stigma toward mental health care. Persons living in the most rural environments were more likely to hold stigmatized attitudes toward mental health care and these views were strongly predictive of willingness to seek care. The combination of increased risk and less willingness to seek assistance places men living in small towns and villages in particular jeopardy for continuing problems involving depressed mood. 相似文献
19.
Danny G. Kaloupek Donald J. Levis 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》1983,5(3):239-260
A large group of female subjects completed a battery of questionnaires including the Fear Survey Schedule and the Snake Questionnaire. They were later administered a behavioral approach test with a live snake during which self-report, behavioral, and psychophysiological measures were collected. These data were initially used to test Hodgson and Rachman's (Behavior Research and Therapy, 1974,12, 319–326) hypothesis that response concordance varies directly with the strength of emotional arousal. The results indicated that the less fearful subjects produced a greater degree of response concordance—contrary to the hypothesis. Next, previously identified factors extracted from the Snake Questionnaire were examined to determine their ability to predict behavioral avoidance during the test procedure. One factor was suitably predictive of the avoidance criterion. These two sets of results are discussed in terms of a possible explanation for concordance variations and in terms of the potential value of factor scores in subject selection and fear assessment. 相似文献
20.
Danny D. Steinberg 《Journal of psycholinguistic research》1975,4(3):169-193
The universality of certain aspects of sentence interpretation was investigated with native speakers of a variety of language families.Ss were given, in their own language, the same 156 affirmative and 156 corresponding negative sentences to sort into categories solely on the basis of sentence samples. The categories represented semantic sentence interpretations based on information value and nonsensicality.Ss generally sorted the same sentences (translation equivalents) into the same categories: e.g., Informative,The person is a man; Redundant,The man is a person; Contradictory,The chair is a spouse; Amphigorously Redundant,The chair is not a spouse. A semantic feature analysis indicates thatSs base their interpretations on particular interactions of features. Sets of rules and operations utilizing such feature combinations are formulated and attributed to theSs. Such knowledge is postulated to be universal to speakers of all languages. 相似文献