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201.
Dan J. Swift 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》2013,75(3):481-490
Temporal form-part integration is the process whereby two discrete sets of stimuli, presented at different times, are perceived by the visual system as a single integrated percept. Dixon and Di Lollo (Cognitive Psychology 26(1):33-63, 1994) proposed a temporal correlation model that was able to quantitatively account for a number of findings related to both form-part integration tasks and partial report. The present study demonstrates a novel approach to form-part integration—the addition of a whole-field mask stimulus at the termination of the second set of stimuli. According to an extension of the correlation model, the mask stimulus should reduce the visual system’s response to the trailing display, thus increasing the relative overlap of the two displays, fostering integration. Experiment 1 supported this hypothesis, showing a maximum benefit when the mask followed the trailing display immediately, as opposed to after a delay of 60 ms. Experiment 2 showed that this same mask actually did yield worse performance when presented immediately after a single set of stimuli. The third experiment collected detailed data for a few observers over a larger number of mask delays. Taken together, these experiments provide a rare example of masking degrading a target stimulus, and yet aiding perception. 相似文献
202.
The Computers in Teaching Initiative (CTI) Centre for Psychology has been promoting the use of computers in psychology education for the last 5 years. The advent of the Internet and ubiquitous access to the World-Wide Web has the potential to revolutionize the way the teaching and learning of psychology can be supported. This paper describes how we are using the Web to support psychology education through information dissemination, through the provision of teaching resources, and through facilities for communication. 相似文献
203.
藏传佛教音乐是中华经典音乐的重要组成部分,是中华优秀传统文化中的一颗璀璨明珠。藏文化总体分为大五明和小五明,藏传佛教音乐艺术应归于大五明之工巧明。然而,从藏族传统文化中的工巧明分类而言,又可以分为身工巧、语工巧、意工巧。那么,藏传佛教音乐便可归入语工巧之中,世称藏传佛教六十种梵音,乃是用深如雷音、美妙悦耳、赏心可意、悠扬明晰和入耳中听的佛音五支来赞颂诸佛菩萨之殊胜功德。 相似文献
204.
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206.
在中国云南的景颇族中,相当多的家庭是由不同支系的人组成的,家庭成员交际时存在着"各说各话"的现象。"各说各话"对讲话者的执行功能有无影响?采用抑制控制、注意转换和记忆刷新任务测量各说各话和非各说各话的景颇族大学生的抑制能力、转换能力和刷新能力。结果表明,各说各话与非各说各话的景颇族大学生在色词干扰和数字转换中差异显著,各说各话者的Stroop效应量小,停止信号的反应时短。各说各话与非各说各话的景颇族大学生在数字转换和图形转换中差异显著,各说各话者反应快,转换代价小。各说各话与非各说各话的景颇族大学生在活动记忆刷新与色点位置刷新任务中差异不显著。这表明,各说各话者比非各说各话者在抑制能力与转换能力上具有优势。语言经验对执行功能的影响具有功能特异性。 相似文献
207.
Dan McArthur 《国际科学哲学研究》2008,22(1):5-20
In this paper I claim that Quinean naturalist accounts of science, that deny that there are any a priori statements in scientific frameworks, cannot account for the foundational role of certain classes of statements in scientific practice. In this I follow Michael Friedman who claims that certain a priori statements must be presupposed in order to formulate empirical hypotheses. I also show that Friedman’s account, in spite of his claims to the contrary, is compatible with a type of non‐Quinean naturalism that I sketch. Finally I also show that Friedman’s account needs amending because it cannot provide a rational account of theory change. I accomplish this by arguing for a structural realist view of theory change. I show how this view fits well with an account like Friedman’s and helps it deal with the problem of theory change and in retaining its superiority over Quinean naturalism. 相似文献
208.
Rex Stockton Amy Nitza Dan‐Bush Bhusumane 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2010,88(1):9-12
Among African countries, Botswana stands out for achieving lasting political and economic stability, which has enabled the government to develop a strong system of educational and social services for its people. Development of professional counseling in the country has occurred both through targeted efforts to provide a strong system of guidance services in schools and in response to the impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This article reviews the development of professional counseling in Botswana and highlights trends likely to shape its future. 相似文献
209.
Dan S. Chiaburu Karen Van Dam Holly M. Hutchins 《International Journal of Selection & Assessment》2010,18(2):187-200
Training transfer is crucial for workplace effectiveness, yet some of its social support antecedents are not well investigated. We examine the extent to which two forms of social support (from the organization and the supervisor) predict training transfer and propose several related processes explaining these influences. First, social support enhances training self‐efficacy, increases trainees' mastery (learning) goal orientation, and their motivation to transfer. In turn, we propose that these individual factors are positively related to training‐related cognitions. We test and confirm our model in a longitudinal study based on a sample of 111 employees. The results contribute to a better understanding of organization‐ and supervisor‐based social support as predictors of transfer, and clarify several important related mechanisms. 相似文献
210.
Abnormal Neural Sensitivity to Monetary Gains Versus Losses Among Adolescents at Risk for Depression
Major depressive disorder aggregates within families, although the mechanisms of transfer across generations are not well
understood. In light of converging biological and behavioral evidence that depressive symptoms are associated with impaired
reward processing, we examined whether adolescent girls with a parental history of depression would also exhibit abnormal
reward sensitivity. We performed a negative mood induction and then recorded the feedback negativity, a neural index of reward
processing, while individuals completed a gambling task. High-risk adolescents reported greater sadness following the mood
induction compared to low-risk adolescents. Among the high-risk group, sadness was strongly associated with a blunted feedback
negativity, even after controlling for baseline mood and trait neuroticism. This suggests that high-risk adolescents are more
reactive to negative stimuli, which significantly alter neural sensitivity to monetary gains and losses. The feedback negativity
might be used to identify information processing abnormalities in high-risk populations prior to the onset of a major depressive
episode. 相似文献