黔东红苗“扫保冬”仪式的人类学考察--以松桃县盘信镇D村为中心

流传于湘黔交界地区红苗民众中的"扫保冬"仪式是驱逐寨中的"瘟神恶鬼",保护全寨人畜平安度过冬季的传统民俗活动,其科仪文本独具特色。田野调查发现,该仪式的展演不仅集中体现了当地民众追求人与自然、社会和谐的心理素质和他们开放、包容的文化心态,同时也蕴含着丰富的象征意义,因而是我们认识红苗历史文化和社会生活的重要窗口。     

A Neural Network Model for Attribute-Based Decision Processes

We propose a neural model of multiattribute-decision processes, based on an attractor neural network with dynamic thresholds. The model may be viewed as a generalization of the elimination by aspects model, whereby simultaneous selection of several aspects is allowed. Depending on the amount of synaptic inhibition, various kinds of scanning strategies may be performed, leading in some cases to vacillations among the alternatives. The model predicts that decisions of a longer time duration exhibit a lower violation of the simple scalability law, as opposed to shorter decisions. Furthermore, the model is suggested as a general attribute-based decision module. Accordingly, various decision strategies are manifested depending on the module's parameters.