Positive Representation of Gay Characters in Movies for Reducing Homophobia

This study addresses the effect of narratives offering a positive depiction of gay men on the audience’s change in attitude towards homosexuality. Specifically, it analyzes the relationship of character identification, inter-group contact, religiosity and gender with homophobia reduction. One hundred and fifty students of a Serbian University (M_Age = 22.13, SD = 2.28) filled in a questionnaire measuring socio-demographic information and the instrument H25 assessing homophobia. Two months later, they watched a movie depicting gay men in a positive manner and completed a questionnaire containing the homophobia scale and questions related to identification with the main character, inter-group contact and religiosity. The results showed that watching the movie is related to a reduction of homophobia and that character identification and inter-group contact are negatively correlated with homophobia, whereas religiosity is positively correlated with it. Results also show that there is a negative correlation between religiosity and the attitude change induced by the movie, and that men express higher level of homophobia than women. The study contributes to the knowledge of the mechanisms reducing homophobia through media.     

Analysis of voice impairment in aphasia after stroke-underlying neuroanatomical substrates

Phonation is a fundamental feature of human communication. Control of phonation in the context of speech-language disturbances has traditionally been considered a characteristic of lesions to subcortical structures and pathways. Evidence suggests however, that cortical lesions may also implicate phonation. We carried out acoustic and perceptual analyses of the phonation of /a/ in 60 males with aphasia (20 Wernicke's, 20 Broca's, 20 subcortical aphasia) and 20 males matched in age with no neurological or speech-language disturbances. All groups with aphasia were significantly more impaired on the majority of acoustic and perceptual measures as compared with the control speakers. Within the subjects with aphasia, subjects with subcortical aphasia were more impaired on most measures compared to subjects with Broca's aphasia, and they, in turn, more impaired than those with Wernicke's aphasia. Lesions in regions involved in sound production-perception result in dysfunction of the entire neurocognitive system of articulation-phonological language processing.     

The role of schizoid personality,peritraumatic dissociation and behavioral activation system in a case of parricide

The goal of this paper is to emphasize several important details through a case study of parricide: a) the schizoid personality structure as a potential basis for brutal offenses, b) the role of dissociation during the commitment of crime; and c) the contribution of non-standard psychological assessment instruments and Gray's reinforcement sensitivity theory in illuminating the killer's personality and motivation for the offense. A parricide case was analyzed through psychiatric examination, standard clinical psychological assessment, and Behavioral Inhibition and Activation Scales based on Gray's theory. It was determined that the perpetrator suffered from schizoid personality disorder and that there were visible signs of peritraumatic dissociation at the moment he committed the offense. It was concluded that: a) a schizoid personality sometimes become a perpetrator of a brutal offense in situations where he feels he is in danger of punishment, and his personal space is being threatened, b) dissociation, activated by murder itself, can help the murderer to protect himself from a traumatic situation which overcomes his resources, and c) Gray's theory can serve as a framework for understanding individual cases as this one.     

“莱昂假说”与克隆性分析技术的思想启迪

克隆性分析技术已经很大程度上影响和改变着人们对肿瘤的思维。“莱昂假说”的创立、印证以及克隆性分析技术的发展、应用,已经使我们重新认识了许多肿瘤和肿瘤前期病变的性质。其间的研究工作启示我们,科学需要源于事实基础的大胆猜测,更需要有求异性思维,敢于突破、善于联想根源于深厚的知识沉淀。     

制约我国“新型农村合作医疗”可持续发展的因素及对策

论文分析了我国“新型农村合作医疗”在实行过程中存在的制度推行难、基金筹集难、有效管理难等问题,讨论了制约其可持续发展的因素:观念因素、体制因素、道德因素、管理因素,并提出相应了更新观念,政府主导,创新体制,加强立法等对策。     

卫生行为干预的认知-情感网络模型

行为的影响因素错综复杂,有效的干预方案的设计离不开合理的理论模型指导。提出的模型认为,个体的行为是由其大脑中的认知-情感神经网络决定的,它包括自己、他人、环境和行为动机四个层次化的子系统。该理论模型不仅为系统理解卫生行为提供了有用的思维框架,还对行为干预提出了许多有益的启示。     

人文社会医学教学：理论思考的深化及实践构建的探索——写在《关于加强高等医学院校人文社会医学教学与学科建设的建议》三周年

人文社会医学教学,应从各校的具体实际情况出发,注重“内涵”深化以及针对性和实效性。以“全景式”的“医学人文概论”为导论,辐射众多人文社会学科的领域;以专题讲座为载体,凸现医学教育“前后期”特征的连贯性和延续性;加强课堂教学与“服务社会、关爱他人”的实践相统一,努力培养素质全面、人格高尚的复合型医学人才。     

关于一种新疾病“外伤后细菌性致死性肉芽肿”的研究

外伤后细菌性致死性肉芽肿(FBGT)是一种新发现的疾病,该病的研究没有成熟的思路可供借鉴。我们从该病的临床表型出发,通过综合分析,推测该病属于细菌感染性疾病,并成功分离、鉴定了该病的病原菌;为研究该病的发病机制,依据该病的临床特点,确认患者对病原菌易感是该病发生的主要因素;在充分借鉴他人的研究成果的基础上,我们提出了IFN-γ相关分子基因多态性是FBGT发病的主要机制的假说,最终通过实验证实了该假说。     

冠状动脉慢性闭塞病变的治疗决策

虽然越来越多的冠状动脉慢性闭塞病变正在采用经皮冠状动脉介入治疗,但其临床疗效是否能够与冠状动脉旁路移植术相媲美,目前尚不能妄下结论。经皮冠状动脉介入治疗和冠状动脉旁路移植术在冠状动脉慢性闭塞病变的治疗中各有其最佳适应证,相互之间是不可替代、但可以互补的。而且联合治疗、杂交技术和微创治疗是其未来发展方向。