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511.
Dale Tuggy 《Sophia》2005,44(1):53-75
The simplest Divine Command Theory is one which identifies rightness with being commanded or willed by God. Two clear and
appealing arguments for this theory turn on the idea that laws require a lawgiver, and the idea that God is sovereign or omnipotent.
Critical examination of these arguments reveals some fundamental principles at odds with the Divine Command Theory, and yields
some more penetrating versions of traditional objections to that theory.
This paper is dedicated to the memory ofPhilip L. Quinn, in honor of his long and generous service to the profession of philosophy, the discipline of philosophy of religion, and
for his kind and uncommonly helpful comments on this paper. 相似文献
512.
Emotion Regulation in At‐Risk Preschoolers: Longitudinal Associations and Influences of Maternal Histories of Risk 下载免费PDF全文
Elana G. August Dale M. Stack Alexa Martin‐Storey Lisa A. Serbin Jane Ledingham Alex E. Schwartzman 《Infant and child development》2017,26(1)
Emotion regulation is a key challenge of early childhood. The present study examined emotion regulation behaviour longitudinally from infancy to preschool. The continuity of emotion regulation was explored within the larger ecological context of maternal childhood histories of aggression and social withdrawal and maternal use of constructive and non‐constructive behaviours. Forty‐five mothers with childhood histories of aggression or social withdrawal from the Concordia Longitudinal Risk Project, a prospective, longitudinal, intergenerational study, participated with their preschool children. Infants' emotion regulation behaviour was observed during interactions with their mothers when they were 5½ months of age. Emotion regulation in these same children as preschoolers was coded during an interference task using the Preschooler Self‐Regulatory Scheme. Longitudinal findings demonstrated continuity in children's use of emotion regulation behaviours from infancy to preschool. Higher maternal childhood histories of risk, specifically social withdrawal, contributed to the prediction of preschoolers' increased attention‐seeking behaviours. Mothers' use of non‐constructive verbalizations predicted more maladaptive styles of emotion regulation in their preschoolers. The findings highlight the importance of helping children develop adaptive emotion regulation skills from a young age and have implications for the design of preventive intervention programmes to help parents foster children's emotion regulation abilities. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
513.
514.
Rodger Kessler Dale Stafford Randall Messier 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2009,16(1):4-12
Psychology and other behavioral health professions have amassed a broad empirical and clinical literature suggesting many
medical presentations are best responded to with the addition of evidence based behavioral interventions. Despite this, psychology
has not achieved a regular presence as part of medical practice. We suggest specific reasons for the current state of affairs
including clinical, operational, societal labels, financial and training dimensions. Medical, psychological, administrative,
and financial perspectives are reviewed. If the goals of health care system reform are to be reached then we must identify
and challenge the current limitations of health care. This paper will identify the elements that need to be changed in order
for psychology to be integrated into medicine rather than excluded from its policy, planning and operations. 相似文献
515.
Dale J. Cohen 《Psychonomic bulletin & review》2009,16(2):332-336
Researchers have generally come to the conclusion that integers automatically activate the quantity they symbolize and that this quantity dominates responding. I conducted a strong test of this hypothesis with two numerical same/different experiments. On each trial, I presented the participant an integer between 1 and 9 and asked him or her to identify whether that symbol was a 5. If quantity information dominates responding, participants’ reaction times (RTs) should be a function of the numerical distance between the target and the distractor. If quantity information is not activated, the integer is merely a shape, and participants’ RTs should be a function of the physical similarity of the target and the distractor. The data from Experiments 1 and 2 demonstrate that quantity information exerts no control and that physical similarity is the primary controlling factor. These findings demonstrate that integers maintain a level of independence from their quantity representations. 相似文献
516.
Since argument frames precede most other arguing processes, argument editing among them, one’s frames may well predict one’s
preferred editorial standards. This experiment assesses people’s arguing frames, gives them arguments to edit, and tests whether
the frames actually do predict editorial preferences. Modest relationships between argument frames and argument editing appear.
Other connections among frames, editing, and additional individual differences variables are more substantial. Particularly
notable are the informative influences of psychological reactance. A new theoretical contribution is offered, connecting argument
frame research to Erving Goffman’s frame analysis. 相似文献
517.
518.
The present studies examined cognitive processes underlying the tendency to underestimate project completion times. Two experiments tested the hypothesis that people generate overly optimistic predictions, in part, because they focus narrowly on their future plans for the target task and thus neglect other useful sources of information. Consistent with the hypothesis, instructing participants to adopt a “future focus”—in which they generated concrete, specific plans for the task at hand—led them to make more optimistic predictions about when they would complete their intended Christmas shopping (Study 1) and major school assignments (Study 2). The future focus manipulation did not have a corresponding effect on actual completion times, and thus increased the degree of optimistic bias in prediction. The studies also demonstrated that the optimistic prediction bias generalized across different task domains, relevant individual differences (i.e., trait optimism and procrastination), and other contextual variations. 相似文献
519.
Dale S. Bond Roseann M. Lyle Marlene K. Tappe Roger S. Seehafer Thomas J. D'Zurilla 《International journal of stress management》2002,9(4):329-343
This study evaluated the importance of exercise mode, social problem-solving ability, gender, and age in relation to anxiety and perceived daily hassles. Adult participants were classified as moderate aerobic exercisers, T'ai Chi exercisers, or sedentary via completion of a questionnaire. Social problem-solving ability, state and trait anxiety, and frequency and severity of daily hassles were measured. As predicted, scores indicating effective social problem-solving ability were associated with fewer reported severe daily hassles and with lower scores on state and trait anxiety. For state and trait anxiety, a main effect of exercise mode emerged after age and gender were controlled. A 3-way interaction involving age, gender, and exercise mode suggested that age and gender moderate the effects of exercise on anxiety, that is, the stress-reducing efficacy of different exercise modes may be dependent on a person's age and/or gender. Implications for theory, research, and practice are discussed. 相似文献
520.
Barr DJ 《Cognition》2008,109(1):18-40
When listeners search for the referent of a speaker’s expression, they experience interference from privileged knowledge, knowledge outside of their ‘common ground’ with the speaker. Evidence is presented that this interference reflects limitations in lexical processing. In three experiments, listeners’ eye movements were monitored as they searched for the target of a speaker’s referring expression in a display that also contained a phonological competitor (e.g., bucket/buckle). Listeners anticipated that the speaker would refer to something in common ground, but they did not experience less interference from a competitor in privileged ground than from a matched competitor in common ground. In contrast, interference from the competitor was eliminated when it was ruled out by a semantic constraint. These findings support a view of comprehension as relying on multiple systems with distinct access to information and present a challenge for constraint-based views of common ground. 相似文献