Measurement of self-evaluative motives: a shopping scenario

To develop measures of consumers' self-evaluative motives of Self-verification, Self-enhancement, and Self-improvement within the context of a mall shopping environment, an initial set of 49 items was generated by conducting three focus-group sessions. These items were subsequently converted into shopping-dependent motive statements. 250 undergraduate college students responded on a 7-point scale to each statement as these related to the acquisition of recent personal shopping goods. An exploratory factor analysis yielded five factors, accounting for 57.7% of the variance, three of which corresponded to the Self-verification motive (five items), Self-enhancement motive (three items), and Self-improvement motive (six items). These 14 items, along with 9 reconstructed items, yielded 23 items retained and subjected to additional testing. In a final round of data collection, 169 college students provided data for exploratory factor analysis. 11 items were used in confirmatory factor analysis. Analysis indicated that the 11-item scale adequately captured measures of the three self-evaluative motives. However, further data reduction produced a 9-item scale with marked improvement in statistical fit over the 11-item scale.     

去“4”要“8”是利民爱民措施吗？

据传媒披露,我国一些大城市,如北京、广东交通管理部门作出了一项决定：取消车牌尾号中的“4”字。据说这是为了“顺从”人民群众祈愿行车安全之“意”的一项“利民”、“爱民”措施,是顺应广大市民无“4”要“8”的传统心理。《三晋都市报》也有篇报道说,太原小型机动     

Defining relationships: Comparing Canadians, Chinese and Indians

To examine whether cultural differences exist in defining family, friend, relative, colleague and neighbour, non-student samples were drawn from Canada, China and India. The data generated several unexpected findings. (i) The means of the relationship definitions between the Chinese and Canadians were not significantly different. The means between the Chinese and Indians were significantly different. The means between the Canadians and Indians were significantly different. (ii) Females defined their relationships more interdependently than males in the Indian and Canadian samples but not in the Chinese sample. (iii) Definitions were target specific and the order of closeness differed from group to group. (iv) In the Indian and Chinese samples, participants' age was negatively correlated with closeness in defining friends, indicating that a person's perceived closeness with friends changes over the life span. Results of past research using student samples need to be interpreted with caution.     

学生提问与语文阅读理解能力的关系研究

随机选取北京市某中学初一-高二学生169名,以问卷法研究了他们对文章的提问能力与其阅读理解能力的关系,结果发现:(1)学生提问频次变化范围较广,不同水平提问数量存在显著的差异;(2)从分水平的角度来看,被试个体提问最高频次和总频次,由多到少都呈现出第二、第三、第一水平的顺序;(3)学生第三水平提问总数对第二水平阅读理解能力有显著预测作用;(4)学生第三水平提问总数对第三水平阅读理解能力有一定的显著预测作用。     

学习技能形成中的脑加工

对运动学习,视知觉学习,镜像阅读,语法学习和动词产生学习的脑实验研究,主要有单通路调节加工模型和双通路转换加工模型,实验侧重研究学习的时间进程。     

Psychometric Evaluation of the Spiritual Perspective Scale in Palliative Care Nurses in China

Journal of Religion and Health - This study aimed to translate the Spiritual Perspectives Scale (SPS) into a Mandarin Chinese version (C-SPS) and evaluate its psychometric properties among 154...     

预览搜索中基于颜色的两种自上而下加工

预览搜索（preview search）研究是近几年来注意选择研究领域新的热点。本研究将预览搜索任务和探测任务相结合,通过两个实验证明了预览搜索中存在基于颜色的自上而下加工。在每次实验中,先出现预览项目,然后让被试根据有无提示音完成搜索任务或探测任务。在实验一中,探测点的颜色为旧项目同色和无关色两种;在实验二中,探测点的颜色为新项目同色和无关色两种。结果发现,旧项目同色的探测子的反应时长于无关色反应时,而新项目同色的探测子的反应时短于无关色反应时。笔者认为这是由于在预览阶段,可能存在两种自上而下加工,一种是主要基于旧项目颜色的抑制定势,另一种是基于靶子颜色的预期定势。这两种自上而下的调控机制可以解释预览效应的原因,同时利用颜色等特征的格式塔组织也在预览搜索中起着重要的作用     

社会信用体系的道德支撑与法律保障

我国社会信用危机的存在有多方面的原因:社会体制转轨导致社会秩序失范;社会转型导致道德困惑;信用法规不健全,缺少法治观念.建立社会信用体系需要从以下几方面着手:以道德观教育为切入点,构建信用体系的思想基础;建立道德建设的长效机制;信用行为应是一种"制度安排".同时,社会信用体系的构建还需要法律保障.     

Improved statistics for contrasting means of two samples under non‐normality

This paper presents the asymptotic expansions of the distributions of the two‐sample t‐statistic and the Welch statistic, for testing the equality of the means of two independent populations under non‐normality. Unlike other approaches, we obtain the null distributions in terms of the distribution and density functions of the standard normal variable up to n^?1, where n is the pooled sample size. Based on these expansions, monotone transformations are employed to remove the higher‐order cumulant effect. We show that the new statistics can improve the precision of statistical inference to the level of o (n^?1). Numerical studies are carried out to demonstrate the performance of the improved statistics. Some general rules for practitioners are also recommended.     

以"自由"为核心的普世价值观念与中国伦理学

"自由"是现代市场经济制度的必然要求,并且表达着生活在现代市场经济制度中的"人"的理想.在当今世界,谁掌握了普世价值观念的话语权,谁就占据了道义制高点,就在国际交往中处于主动地位.但是西方国家至今垄断着普世价值观念的话语权,对中国的"妖魔化"正愈演愈烈,我们则处在欲辩无词的窘境.中国的现代伦理学应当高举"自由"的旗帜,从"自由"这些普世价值观念的角度深入和系统地总结改革开放以来的成功经验,从而丰富和发展马克思主义,进一步建构和完善社会主义核心价值体系.在经济全球化的背景中,在历史给定的不同民族文化传统和不同生活方式的基础上,通向"自由"的道路永远敞开着新的可能性.