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851.
In a secondary analysis of data from 220 women serving in the U.S. Air Force and their spouses, we examined the effects of job and family stressors on work‐family conflict (WFC) and family‐work conflict (FWC), focusing on the crossover of these experiences from one spouse to the other. We found positive relationships of WFC with both job and family stressors for wives and with job stressors for husbands. We also found that job and family stressors predicted FWC for wives, but not for husbands. Furthermore, spouse's support buffered the relationship between one's job stressors and the experience of WFC for wives but accelerated these relationships for husbands. Our findings support the bidirectional crossover of WFC from one spouse to another. 相似文献
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Yu-Fang Tseng Kuei-Lan Wang Ching-Yun Lin Yi-Ting Lin Hui-Chen Pan 《Psychology, health & medicine》2018,23(3):270-276
This study aimed to explore the factors predicting the intention to quit smoking and the subsequent behavior 6 months later using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Data were obtained from 145 smokers who attended a smoking cessation clinic in a community hospital. All participants completed a questionnaire which included demographic information, TPB-based items, perceived susceptibility and previous attempts to quit. The actual quitting behavior was obtained by follow-up phone calls 6 months later. The TPB constructs explained 34% of the variance in intention to quit smoking. By adding perceived susceptibility, the explained variance was significantly improved to 40%. The most important predictors were perceived behavior control and perceived susceptibility, followed by attitude. Subjective norm did not contribute to the prediction of intention. Attitude and perceived behavior control contributed to the prediction of actual quitting behavior, but intention, subjective norm and perceived susceptibility did not. Our findings support that the TPB is generally a useful framework to predict the intention to quit smoking in Taiwan. The inclusion of perceived susceptibility improved the prediction of intention. With regards to successfully quitting, attitude and perceived behavior control played more crucial roles than other TPB constructs. Smoking cessation promotion initiatives focusing on reinforcing cessation belief, enhancing a smoker’s perception of their capability to quit smoking, and persuading smokers that they can overcome cessation barriers to cessation could make subsequent interventions more effective. 相似文献
853.
采用Gevers等的实验范式,以判断数字大小并选择不同言语符号方向信息左右为任务。材料为阿拉伯数字(1、2、8、9)和汉字、英文单词符号(“左”、“右”、“left”、“m#t”)。考察在不同语言符号方向信息下数字-空间联结SANBC效应的编码方式,结果发现:(1)在汉字和英文符号信息下,被试在数字大小比较任务中都表现出SNARC效应;(2)在汉字符号方向信息下。SNARC效应的编码方式主要存在视觉空间和言语空间编码,且以言语空间编码为主;(3)在英文符号方向信息下。SNARC效应的鳊码方式主要是视觉空间编码。 相似文献
854.
Keng-Yen Huang Douglas M. Teti Margaret O’Brien Caughy Stanley Feldstein Janice Genevro 《Journal of child and family studies》2007,16(2):219-241
We examined mother-child (M-C) conflict behavior during the toddler years. The nature of M-C conflict behaviors, whether conflict
behavior differed by context, and factors that were associated with conflict interactions were examined. We used data collected
as part of the National Evaluation of the Healthy Steps for Young Children Program. 378 M-C dyads participated in this study.
Videotaped observational data at 16–18 months were used to code conflict behaviors using an event recording method. Results
showed that M-C conflict were more likely to be initiated by the mothers and that conflict interactions were influenced by
context of interaction, family, maternal, and child temperamental factors. In this study, we provide a foundation for understanding
parent-child conflict interaction prior to age two. 相似文献
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William O’Donohue Alexandros Maragakis Cassandra Snipes Cyndy Soto 《Ethics & behavior》2015,25(5):373-385
Arrigo, DeBatto, Rockwood, and Mawe (2015) take issue with a number of arguments in our previous article (O’Donohue et al., 2014). We respond in four major ways: (a) pointing out that they never really take on, let alone refute, the key argument in our article—that utilitarian, deontic, and virtue ethical theories are not only consistent with the use of enhanced interrogation and torture in the ticking time bomb scenario but these prescribe it; (b) there are numerous other exegetical problems in their article; (c) they make unsubstantiated claims about the ineffectiveness of EITSLs techniques that we argue are much too strong; and (d) they conflate the ethical with the legal and but even in doing so miss many important issues regarding the legality of EITSLs in the war on terrorism. 相似文献
858.
Jérôme Bourbousson Mehdi R’Kiouak David W. Eccles 《European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology》2015,24(5):742-760
Shared awareness was studied in one novice and one expert basketball team during real games. Teams were considered dynamic social networks with team members as nodes and members’ awareness of other members during ongoing performance as relations. Networks, and changes to them across games, were analysed at different levels of organization using social network analysis to identify patterns of awareness within the teams. The results showed that one team member in each team often heeded, or was heeded by, his teammates, indicating his leadership role in coordinating the team. Also, expert team members had a low level of awareness of their teammates, which may be explained by implicit coordination processes. Finally, there was less variability in intra-team relations in the expert (vs. novice) team, which may be explained by the enhanced ability of the expert team to achieve and maintain an optimal level of awareness during the game. At a practical level, teams might be alerted during performance when their network of connections approaches connectedness thresholds that predict coordination breakdowns, affording online regulation of team processes. Future studies should explore the generalizability of these early findings using larger samples. 相似文献
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