论合理功利意识下的奉献精神——新世纪革命军人奉献观探究

把祖国、人民的利益视作高于一切,为了它甘愿献出自己的全部,甚至不惜牺牲生命的奉献精神是每一名革命军人所应有的品质。但是,随着改革开放的深化、市场经济的发展和价值观念的转换,这种奉献精神逐渐被赋予了新的时代内涵。正确认识并合理分析反映现代市场经济关系的合理功利意识下的奉献精神,不仅是新世纪继承与弘扬革命军人奉献精神的需要,更是推进我军现代化建设、实现我军思想政治工作创新发展的需要。     

关于大洋洲人间佛教信仰群体的田野调查研究

在全球化浪潮中,佛教也正在走向西方社会,其中佛光山系统的人间佛教取得了最为突出的成绩。基于对大洋洲佛光山系统人间佛教信仰群体的田野调查所获得的数据和其他相关信息,我们可以基本把握这一群体的社会身份、信仰生成、实践开展以及面临的挑战,从而理解具有中华文化基因的人间佛教进入西方社会的民众基础和传播渠道,特别是这一群体所呈现的信仰取向与实践特征。以此作为东方文明进入西方社会的一个重要窗口,有助于我们认识佛教挺近西方社会的内在机制与具体进程,从而为理解全球化时代人类文明的多元交往提供有益的借鉴。     

Opposing effects of phonological similarity on item and order memory of words and nonwords in the serial recall task

This study shows that the classical phonological similarity effect (PSE) in immediate serial recall is critically affected by the lexicality of list items, the type of phonological similarity involved, and the scoring procedure. PSE was present in the serial recall score when phonologically distinct words were compared to words that share the middle vowel and end consonant (rhyming lists). PSE was absent in the serial recall score when phonologically distinct words were compared to words that share the initial and final consonants (consonant frame lists). There was a reversal of PSE in serial recall of nonwords when comparing distinct lists to both types of similar lists. Recall accuracy on the other hand was higher for distinct lists regardless of lexicality. Item errors dominated in relation to order errors in the case of nonwords, whereas order errors dominated in relation to item errors in the case of words. Furthermore, order errors were more common for phonologically similar lists, whereas item errors were more common for phonologically distinct lists. This may be the result of intra‐list and inter‐list interference, respectively. The dominance of the former error type may cause a classical PSE, whereas the dominance of the latter error type may cause a reversal of PSE. Finally, an item identification task yielded no evidence of an association between intra‐list interference and discriminability of items in a list.     

中部崛起背景下的城市社区卫生服务主要影响因素研究

通过武汉市中心城区社区卫生服务的实证调研,多因素分析和建模,寻求影响中部地区城市社区卫生服务的主导因素,在此基础上提出若干可行的政策建议,旨在为管理决策、促进社区卫生服务及构筑新型城市卫生服务体系等提供信息支持服务。     

A re-evaluation of the phonological similarity effect in adults' short-term memory of words and nonwords

The phonological similarity effect (PSE) was studied in two tasks of serial recall, in one task of serial recognition and one item identification task. PSE occurred only in the former three tasks involving memory of order when study items were words and nonwords with an associative connectedness to long-term memory. Nonwords that, according to a reaction time assessment of associative value, were less well connected to long-term memory mechanisms, were not sensitive to phonological similarity. These results are discussed in relation to contemporary models of short-term memory that explain the PSE as a result of confusions of items that are similarly encoded in a phonological layer. This layer is identified as a higher-level phonological space that is accessed by words and nonwords of high associative value and not by nonwords of low associative value.     

大学生创业心理特质与创业意向的关系：就业压力应对方式的中介效应

采用创业心理特质问卷、就业压力应对方式问卷和创业意向问卷,以江西省两所高校252名大学生为被试进行调查,考察大学生创业心理特质、就业压力应对方式与创业意向之间的关系.结果表明：（1）创业心理特质各维度与压力应对方式、创业意向都存在显著相关;（2）模糊性容忍和成就需求对创业意向存在着直接的影响作用;（3）在冒险倾向与创业意向、创新与创业意向之间,就业压力应对方式都起着显著的中介效应,即创业心理特征某些维度不仅直接影响创业意向,同时还通过就业压力应对方式间接影响创业意向.     

诺贝尔奖获得者医学创新的原动力探析

诺贝尔奖获得者医学创新的原动力,几乎都是他们对自然现象的好奇心、求知欲、兴趣和责任感等非功利化的因素.这些科学家对科学的好奇心、求知欲和兴趣,虽在产生时间上先后不一,但都是他们心理层面的科学创新原动力.这些科学家在医学创新行为中,无不表现出高于个人责任感的社会责任感、无处不在的集体责任感和作为最高层次的人类责任感,这些责任感是他们精神层面的科学创新原动力.     

大学生专业承诺、学习倦怠的状况及其关系

为了了解当前大学生积极和消极的学习心理状况,采用量表法对672名不同性别、年级、学科和院校的大学生进行了专业承诺和学习倦怠的研究。结果表明:当前大学生的专业承诺水平不高,学习倦怠的水平较高。在性别上,男生在理想承诺和成就感低上好于女生,男生的情绪低落高于女生;在年级上,大一、大四学生的情感承诺高于大二、大三学生,大二、大三学生在成就感低、行为不当和总倦怠上高于大一学生,大四学生的成就感好于大一、大二、大三学生;在学科上,文、理科学生的专业承诺水平低于医科、工科和术科学生,文、理科学生的总倦怠水平高于医科和工科学生;在院校类型上,师范院校学生专业承诺水平最低,且学习倦怠水平最高。情感承诺是当前大学生学习倦怠的最重要的预测变量。     

Family Socioeconomic Status and Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: A Moderated Mediation Model

Low family socioeconomic status (SES) is linked with adolescents’ symptoms of depression, but little is known about the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this association. Based on ecosystem theory and the organism-environment interaction model, we tested whether emotional resilience mediated the relationship between family SES and depressive symptoms, and whether parent–child relationship quality moderated the relationship. Adolescents (N?=?724) from one middle school in central China completed self-reported questionnaires regarding demographic variables, family SES, emotional resilience, parent–child relationship quality, and depressive symptoms. Regression-based mediation analysis indicated that emotional resilience mediated the association between family SES and depressive symptoms. Parent–child relationship quality moderated two components of this mediation process, namely the effects of low SES on both emotional resilience and depressive symptoms. In both cases, a high quality parent–child relationship ameliorated the adverse effects of low family SES. That is, adolescents with a higher quality relationship with their parent appeared to be less affected by low family SES. The study reveals how and when family SES may affect adolescents’ depressive symptoms, and highlights the protective effect of a high quality parent–child relationship in a low SES environment.

     

经阴道超声检查的医学伦理学思考

经阴道超声（transvaginal ultrasound,TVS）检查是妇产科的一项重要检查技术,应坚持将患者的利益放在首位。在检查前应首先充分告知患者检查的必要性、安全性,让患者理解,并征得其同意,检查时应注意保护患者的隐私,检查后不泄露患者的秘密,全心全意为患者服务,真正做到以患者为中心,共建和谐医院、和谐社会。