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641.
Kai Von Klitzing 《Journal of Child Psychotherapy》2013,39(3):317-333
This paper describes the process of psychodynamic psychotherapy with an infant and his family, during a developmental phase in which the infant's mental organization was in transition from the level of interactions to representations. The treatment of a 23-month-old boy suffering from a severe sleeping and eating disorder was initiated in a parent?–?child psychotherapeutic setting. The sleep disorder was a consequence of separation anxiety. Additionally, phobic avoidance of new oral experiences led to an eating disorder. These symptoms had developed in the context of dysregulation of the triadic family relationships (mother?–?father?–?children), which tended to split into two-plus-one relationships. After one year, the setting was changed to alternating individual and family sessions. Due to his developing symbolic capacities, the boy was able to express his inner concerns and his internalised affect-laden experiences through play and actions. His internal world could now be addressed by interpretations. New psychodynamic theories and research results on early triadic development were taken as the theoretical background for the psychotherapeutic work. We understood the course of the treatment and the development of the transference/countertransference relationships in terms of processes of triadification (at the level of interpersonal relationships) and triangulation (at the level of intrapsychic representations). 相似文献
642.
Kai A.D. Morgan Joni-Kay Scott Monika Parshad-Asnani Roger C. Gibson Keisha N. O'Garo Gillian A. Lowe 《Mental health, religion & culture》2013,16(9):937-945
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between disease severity (sickle-cell type and hospital, emergency room and clinic emergency visits (CEU)), religious coping (positive and negative) and depression. This was accomplished through secondary analysis of a data set based on a Comprehensive Sickle Cell Standardized Questionnaire compiled by a multidisciplinary team of professionals from Duke University Medical Centre, and administered to persons with sickle-cell disease being treated at the Sickle Cell Unit on the University of the West Indies Campus between November 2008 and January 2009. Disease severity was not a good predictor of depression within the population. On the other hand, depression was found to correlate with positive and negative religious coping, such that increases in the former were associated with decreases in depression scores; while the reverse was noted for the latter (negative religious coping). The results shed light on issues that could possibly impact the treatment plan for such individuals. 相似文献
643.
Kai J. Jonas 《Social and Personality Psychology Compass》2013,7(9):689-700
Automatic behavior, that is, the non‐conscious activation of perceiver behavior by social category priming, has undergone considerable development in the recent years. While initial effects pointed to often rather surprising effects that could be characterized as imitation of the behavior of the social category itself, current research unfolds a much more complex picture. Not only imitative behavior but, contrasting, also response behavior is getting activated. Response behavior is fundamentally different from imitation and contrast and denotes behavior that is directed toward the social category out of the action ecology of the perceiver. Furthermore, boundary conditions have been established and could reveal that motivation (goals) and social context modulate the selection of specific automatic responses. Most recent findings reveal that social category priming embedded in context also modulates visual attention patterns pertaining to means functional for the response behavior. Similar to the increased complexity of findings, the proposed underlying explanatory models have developed in comprehensiveness. Taken together, automatic behavior now has to be seen as a valid form of social influence, and its benefits and pitfalls are further to be investigated. 相似文献
644.
康凯 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2013,34(4):35-36
研究显微镜下小骨畜开颅脑出血清除术治疗高血压脑出血的临床疗效.所有高血压脑出血患者均应用显微镜下小骨窗开颅血肿清除术.术后随访半年以上,统计患者血肿清除率及治疗有效率.结果显示,Ⅰ级31.1%,Ⅱ级37.8%,Ⅲ级8.9%,Ⅳ级13.3%,V级8.9%,临床有效率为80.0%.显微镜下小骨窗开颅血肿清除术具有视野直接清楚、血肿清除彻底、减压充分、创伤小等优点,是治疗高血压脑出血的一种理想措施. 相似文献
645.
杜治政 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2013,34(5):14-18
防控慢性病迫切需要医学的转型.当代医学需要实现的转型是全面的,其中包括医学目标、医学观、医学方法学、医学服务手段和服务体制的转型;实现医学转型的关键是推进医学整合,而以临床医学的整合及临床医学与预防医学的整合最为重要和迫切. 相似文献
646.
Shinji Sakamoto Aiko Moriwaki Kai Inoue Kenkichi Ugajin 《The Japanese psychological research》2013,55(3):203-215
Negative thinking/affect (NTA) in depression and anxiety is an important target of clinical intervention. However, individuals recognize the benefit of NTA. There is a need to develop a scale for empirical studies of NTA. Two‐hundred and fifty‐nine Japanese university students were assigned to answer: (a) the state in the past week (positive affect (PA) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), (b) the current state (PA and State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory‐State (STAI‐S)), and (c) the usual state (PA and STAI‐Trait), after completing the Recognized Benefit of NTA Scale (RBNTA). Another 291 students completed the Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale and the Revised Life Orientation Test, after completing the RBNTA. Two weeks later, 76 participants completed the RBNTA. The RBNTA with nine subscales was developed after comparing the indices of fitness from 14 different factor solutions. The internal and test‐retest reliability and content validity were confirmed. Correlation analyses revealed that the recognition of trying to obtain benefits/avoid costs tends to associate with positive/negative affect and that most of such recognitions did not associate with self‐esteem and optimism. 相似文献
647.
Joseph P. Gaspar Mark A. Seabright Scott J. Reynolds Kai Chi Yam 《The Journal of social psychology》2015,155(4):370-380
Though the decision to behave immorally is situated within the context of prior immoral behavior, research has provided contradictory insights into this process. In a series of experiments, we demonstrate that the effects of prior immoral behavior depend on how individuals think about, or reflect on, their immoral behavior. In Experiment 1, participants who reflected counterfactually on their prior moral lapses morally disengaged (i.e., rationalized) less than participants who reflected factually. In Experiment 2, participants who reflected counterfactually on their prior moral lapses experienced more guilt than those who reflected factually. Finally, in Experiments 3 and 4, participants who reflected counterfactually lied less on unrelated tasks with real monetary stakes than those who reflected factually. Our studies provide important insights into moral rationalization and moral compensation processes and demonstrate the profound influence of reflection in everyday moral life. 相似文献
648.
649.
Kai Kaspar Alina Vennek?tter 《Advances in cognitive psychology / University of Finance and Management in Warsaw》2015,11(3):64-76
Research in the field of embodied cognition showed that incidental weight
sensations influence peoples’ judgments about a variety of issues and objects.
Most studies found that heaviness compared to lightness increases the perception
of importance, seriousness, and potency. In two experiments, we broadened this
scope by investigating the impact of weight sensations on cognitive performance.
In Experiment 1, we found that the performance in an anagram task was reduced
when participants held a heavy versus a light clipboard in their hands. Reduced
performance was accompanied by an increase in the perceived effort. In
Experiment 2, a heavy clipboard elicited a specific response heuristic in a
two-alternative forced-choice task. Participants showed a significant right side
bias when holding a heavy clipboard in their hands. After the task, participants
in the heavy clipboard condition reported to be more frustrated than
participants in the light clipboard condition. In both experiments, we did not
find evidence for mediated effects that had been proposed by previous
literature. Overall, the results indicate that weight effects go beyond judgment
formation and highlight new avenues for future research. 相似文献
650.
The strategic use of disease and poison in warfare has been subject to a longstanding and cross-cultural taboo that condemns the hostile exploitation of poisons and disease as the act of a pariah. In short, biological and chemical weapons are simply not fair game. The normative opprobrium is, however, not fixed, but context dependent and, as a social phenomenon, remains subject to erosion by social (or more specifically, antisocial) actors. The cross cultural understanding that fighting with poisons and disease is reprehensible, that they are taboo, is codified through a web of interconnected measures, principal amongst these are the 1925 Geneva Protocol; the Biological Weapons Convention; and the Chemical Weapons Convention. Whilst these treaties have weathered the storm of international events reasonably well, their continued health is premised on their being ‘tended to’ in the face of contextual changes, particularly facing changes in science and technology, as well as the changed nature and character of conflict. This article looks at the potential for normative erosion of the norm against chemical and biological weapons in the face of these contextual changes and the creeping legitimization of chemical and biological weapons. 相似文献