Beliefs About Psychological Services Among Guatemalan College Students

This mixed-methods study identified the help-seeking attitudes of Guatemalan college students. A random sample of 248 students across 2 universities responded to a cultural adaptation of the Beliefs About Psychological Services (BAPS; Ægisdóttir & Gerstein, 2009) survey. The directors of both universities and a subsample of participants were also interviewed. Quantitative findings demonstrated low levels of stigma and positive help-seeking attitudes among students. Qualitative findings indicated that psychological services were limited, financially out of reach, or failed to address students’ gender-specific concerns. Recommendations to address these challenges are presented. Este estudio de métodos mixtos identificó las actitudes de búsqueda de ayuda de estudiantes universitarios guatemaltecos. Una muestra aleatoria de 248 estudiantes de dos universidades respondió a una adaptación cultural de la encuesta Creencias sobre Servicios Psicológicos (BAPS, por sus siglas en inglés; Ægisdóttir & Gerstein, 2009). También se entrevistó a los directores de ambas universidades y a una submuestra de participantes. Los hallazgos cuantitativos demostraron bajos niveles de estigma y actitudes de búsqueda de ayuda positivas entre los estudiantes. Los hallazgos cualitativos indicaron que los servicios psicológicos eran limitados, no eran lo bastante asequibles o no abordaban las preocupaciones relativas al sexo de los estudiantes. Se presentan recomendaciones para abordar estos desafíos.     

A Multimethod Multitrait Validity Assessment of Self‐Construal in Japan,Korea, and the United States

A large number of previous studies have used self‐construal to predict communication outcomes. Recent evidence, however, suggests that validity problems may exist in self‐construal measurement. The current study conducted a multimethod multitrait (Campbell & Fiske, 1959) validation study of self‐construal measures with data (total N= 578) collected in Korea (N= 200), Japan (N= 212), and the U.S. (N= 166). The data showed that the Singelis (1994) Self‐Construal Scale, the Cross, Bacon, and Morris (2000) Relational Interdependent Self‐Construal Scale (RISC), and the Kuhn and McPartland (1954) Twenty Statements Test (TST) lacked convergent and discriminant validity, both pan‐culturally and within each of the three countries included in the study. Scores on the TST were not significantly related to scores on the self‐construal scales, and the various self‐construal measures correlated more highly with measures of communication directness than with alternative measures of the same type of self‐construal. Substantial method effects were also observed. The results were tested for both 2‐ and 3‐dimensional models of self‐construal and for refined scales and scales with all items retained. The results of all analyses were inconsistent with the claim that self‐construal measures are construct valid.     

论器官移植准入制的施行及其意义

器官移植是目前临床上治疗那些已经不能用其他疗法治愈的重要生命器官终末期疾病的惟一有效的方法。同国际水平相比,我国的器官移植手术成功率和长期存活率还存在着相当的差距。由于我国还没有一部关于器官移植的法律,导致了国内器官移植的无序竞争,同时造成了可供移植器官的巨大浪费。《人体器官移植技术临床应用管理暂行办法》能够有效地缓解这种矛盾,同时有利于发扬医学人文精神,体现医学伦理学道德。     

中学生非形式推理能力的发展及环境影响因素

为了考察中学生非形式推理能力的发展以及家庭和学校有关环境因素对中学生非形式推理的影响,该研究采用提示访谈和问卷调查考察了7-9年级中学生非形式推理能力的发展及其与家庭和学校教育环境因素的关系。结果表明:(1)中学生一般具有了反驳水平的非形式推理能力,7年级学生多处于直接反驳水平,8、9年级学生多处于间接反驳水平。(2)我方和他方推理的理由数量随年级的增高而上升,反驳次数亦随年级的增高而增多。(3)中学生在我方推理中提出的理由数量与同伴影响、教师鼓励和家长引导有一定线性因果关系。     

Azure-winged Magpies would rather avoid losses than strive for benefits based on reciprocal altruism

Animal Cognition - It is no doubt that the reciprocal altruism of humans is unparalleled in the animal world. However, how strong altruistic behavior in the non-human animal is still very...     

镜母题小说中的道教情结

在我国古代小说发展史中,从汉代至高峰的明清时期,以镜为母题的小说几乎从未间断过,其中不少作品蕴含着浓重的道教情结.本文在对此现象进行系统分析的基础上辨清其源流,并得出结论:道教思想信仰赋予了镜母题小说以强大的生命力,镜母题小说正是在宗教思想信仰的时时更新中不断发展壮大的.