儒学的一种缺弱:私德与公德

In a society dominated by Confucian ethics, a spirit of Confucian public morality can be seen in the Confucian debate over publicness and privateness, but it is usually activated in circumstances of large ethical crisis. Confucian theory mainly uses ethical relationships to create self and social identities, causing problems of identification in the public life and hindering the expression of moral feelings and actions, thus revealing a weakness in public morality. This is a space that Confucianism has not yet been able to cover, and also where it has room for growth. Translated by Huang Deyuan from Wen Shi Zhe 文史哲 (Journal of Literature, History and Philosophy), 2006, (1): 30–36     

Reciprocal influences between parents' marital problems and adolescent internalizing and externalizing behavior

The present study examines reciprocal associations between marital functioning and adolescent maladjustment using cross-lagged autoregressive models. The research involved 451 early adolescents and their families and used a prospective, longitudinal research design with multi-informant methods. Results indicate that parental conflicts over child rearing predicted adolescent depressive symptoms and delinquency. In turn, these adolescent problems exacerbated parental conflicts over child rearing. Furthermore, conflict over child rearing served as the nexus through which more generalized marital dissatisfaction and adolescent adjustment problems were reciprocally interrelated. This research replicates earlier observations that marital problems intensify adolescent maladjustment and extends the literature by demonstrating that adolescent problems also predict marital conflict and ultimately marital dissatisfaction. In sum, the present study demonstrates that marital dissatisfaction, conflict over child rearing, and early adolescent adjustment difficulties are interwoven in a dynamic family system marked by reciprocity along these dimensions.     

中医望诊中眼神跟踪与分析综述

望诊是中医四诊中的一种,也是中医查病的第一步。而眼睛是心灵的窗户,医师通过望眼神能够诊测一个人的身体健康状况,眼睛与身体的对应有众多说法,如"五轮八廓"等,因此眼神的跟踪与分析对于中医望诊十分重要。使用电脑对眼神的进行自动跟踪首先需要进行眼睛各部位的精确定位,包括眼皮、眼角、白睛、眼结膜、虹膜、瞳孔以及眼袋等;接着需要对眼睛的动作进行跟踪,包括眼球的转动、瞳孔的放缩等。对眼神的分析在定位与跟踪之后,由眼球各部分的形状、颜色、移动速度等信息结合相应的规则对病位、病性作出判断。本文综述了中医中望眼的一些经验总结,并给出了目前用于眼睛定位、跟踪的算法与思路。     

An exploratory analysis of the latent structure of process data via action sequence autoencoders

Computer simulations have become a popular tool for assessing complex skills such as problem-solving. Log files of computer-based items record the human–computer interactive processes for each respondent in full. The response processes are very diverse, noisy, and of non-standard formats. Few generic methods have been developed to exploit the information contained in process data. In this paper we propose a method to extract latent variables from process data. The method utilizes a sequence-to-sequence autoencoder to compress response processes into standard numerical vectors. It does not require prior knowledge of the specific items and human–computer interaction patterns. The proposed method is applied to both simulated and real process data to demonstrate that the resulting latent variables extract useful information from the response processes.     

Th17细胞在胸腺瘤合并MG发病机制中作用的探讨

探讨Th17细胞在胸腺瘤合并重症肌无力(MG)发病中的作用.分析27例胸腺瘤患者相关资料,免疫组化法确定瘤组织中IL-17和CD4+T细胞表达.结果为胸腺瘤合并MG男性年龄低于女性,瘤组织高表达IL-17和CD4+T细胞.B1和B2型易合并MG.结论是Th17细胞和IL-17在胸腺瘤合并MG发病中有一定作用.     

Personal Spiritual Values and Quality of Life: Evidence from Chinese College Students

Values are guiding principles in our life. While some studies found spiritual values to be “healthier,” Sagiv and Schwartz (Eur J Soc Psychol 30:177–198, 2000) showed that people holding non-spiritual values were higher on affective well-being. We examined the predictive power of these two types of values with a longitudinal data set collected from Chinese students mainly in Hong Kong. Structural equation modeling revealed that spiritual values (as well as family income) positively predicted quality of life a year later. Non-spiritual, self-enhancement values, did not show any association. Results suggest that developing spiritual values may promote well-being through enabling individuals to find meaning and purpose in life.     

Moderation Analysis Using a Two-Level Regression Model

Moderation analysis is widely used in social and behavioral research. The most commonly used model for moderation analysis is moderated multiple regression (MMR) in which the explanatory variables of the regression model include product terms, and the model is typically estimated by least squares (LS). This paper argues for a two-level regression model in which the regression coefficients of a criterion variable on predictors are further regressed on moderator variables. An algorithm for estimating the parameters of the two-level model by normal-distribution-based maximum likelihood (NML) is developed. Formulas for the standard errors (SEs) of the parameter estimates are provided and studied. Results indicate that, when heteroscedasticity exists, NML with the two-level model gives more efficient and more accurate parameter estimates than the LS analysis of the MMR model. When error variances are homoscedastic, NML with the two-level model leads to essentially the same results as LS with the MMR model. Most importantly, the two-level regression model permits estimating the percentage of variance of each regression coefficient that is due to moderator variables. When applied to data from General Social Surveys 1991, NML with the two-level model identified a significant moderation effect of race on the regression of job prestige on years of education while LS with the MMR model did not. An R package is also developed and documented to facilitate the application of the two-level model.     

抑郁和焦虑对经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者的影响及对策

越来越多的冠心病患者接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗,但是这些患者表现出的焦虑抑郁情绪对经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）围术期的影响却少有报道。研究发现,焦虑和抑郁对心脏事件发生后的恢复有不利的影响,而接受 PCI 治疗的患者情感障碍的发生率是比较高的。主要心血管事件与这些负面影响是相关联的,研究表明密切监测这些患者的情感状态可以明显改善临床预后。     

CXCR4／CXCL12在胃癌及结直肠癌中的研究进展

消化道肿瘤是一种常见的恶性肿瘤,远处转移是其预后不良的主要原因。近年来消化道肿瘤的发病率逐年上升,其相应的研究得到了广泛的重视。趋化因子对肿瘤的侵袭和转移作用也备受关注。 CXCR4及 CXCL12在肿瘤研究中已逐渐成为热点;最近研究表明,其与胃癌、结直肠癌等的转移密切相关,将为消化道肿瘤转移的防治提供新的思路。此文对CXCR4／CXCL12在胃癌及结直肠癌中的研究进展做一简要综述,CXCR4／CXCL12轴的深入研究将有望使其成为消化道肿瘤靶向治疗的特异靶点。