国内六大区心理治疗和咨询管理状况的调查

本研究的主要目的是考察国内目前心理治疗和咨询管理方面的地区差异,并做出比较 .本研究采用自编的调查表对包括全国29个省、市、自治区的1543名被试进行了调查.按照行政区域分为华北、东北、华东、中南、西南和西北六个地区对调查所得结果进行统计分析 .结果发现各地区发展确实存在不均衡的情况,其中华北、华东地区专业水平较高,各种培训和机构的管理规范比较完善;而西北地区则相对比较落后,体现在专业机构要求不高,以及机构规范欠缺等方面.     

后现代自由主义:罗蒂政治哲学批判

Richard Rorty’s philosophy has two basic commitments: one to postmodernism and the other to liberalism. However, these commitments generate tension. As a postmodernist, he sharply criticizes the Enlightenment; as a liberal, he forcefully defends it. His postmodernist liberalism actually explains liberalism using irrationalism. Translated by Xiang Yunhua from Jianghai Xuekan 江海学刊 (Jianghai Academic Journal), 2007, (1): 57–61     

Peace, scholarship and disciplinary limits: Postcolonial problems and potential in the study of religion

Through its explorations of the work of peace in Sri Lanka, Qadri Ismail's Abiding by Sri Lanka offers both a reconceptualization of democracy and a critique of certain academic disciplines as antithetical to peace and opposition to colonialism. This article considers his criticisms of history and anthropology in order to ask whether, in his terms, it would be possible to have a postcolonial, postempiricist analysis of religion. An exploration of the problems that the study of religion, specifically the category of religion and production of religious authority, pose for Ismail's criteria of postcolonial scholarship points toward the limitations of academic disciplinarity.     

Abiding by Sri Lanka Qadri Ismail's way

Qadri Ismail's book, Abiding by Sri Lanka: On Peace, Place, and Postcoloniality (2005) suggests that literary theory might help Sri Lankans re-imagine the colonial social categories and histories that underwrite their long-running conflict. Ismail also argues that the social sciences (particularly anthropology) and history fail Sri Lanka. They fail either because, like anthropology, their colonial origins render them epistemologically unable to ‘abide by’ Sri Lanka (or to see its politics as political); or because, like history, their embrace of an empiricist belief in an objectively real history betrays them into reconfirming nationalism. My article will argue that while the first part of Ismail's thesis is fascinating and useful (if a bit lacking in practical details), his claim that anthropology and history writing as such must be ‘de-authorized’ is too broad. It concludes by arguing for a cease-fire in Sri Lanka.     

中国人的人格特点(VI):人际关系

人际关系人格维度包括宽和与热情两个次级因素,反映的是对待人际关系的基本态度。该研究依据本土化的中国人人格量表对中国人的人际关系人格维度及其两个次级因素的特点进行了分析,发现个体的性别、年龄、职业和婚姻状况均对人际关系产生不同程度的影响。总体上看,女性比男性对人更宽和,男性比女性对人更热情;年龄越大,人际关系分数越高;行政管理者比工人农民与和教科文卫人员人际关系分数更高,而婚姻状况也与年龄和性别一起影响个体的人际关系倾向。     

教师上级信任、知识分享与工作绩效的关系

知识分享和组织信任能够有效提高绩效,已在企业组织中得到证实,但在学校组织中是否成立及作用路径如何鲜有实证研究探讨。本研究以天津市10所学校的168名教师为研究对象,通过问卷调查探讨教师对直接上级的信任、知识分享及教师工作绩效之间的关系。路径分析结果显示：教师上级信任和知识分享的不同维度对教师工作绩效的影响存在差异;教师知识分享的质量在教师上级信任的依赖维度与工作绩效的关系中起部分中介作用。     

安全依恋对共情和利他行为的影响

利他行为(Altruistic behavior)指以增加其他个体的福利为最终目标的行为, 它既是社会心理学领域的重要研究主题也是社会和谐稳定的需要。共情(Empathy)指个体感知或想象他人的情感, 并部分体验到他人感受的心理过程, 是利他行为的内在动机。已有研究证明, 安全依恋风格和安全依恋启动对个体共情和利他行为有积极影响。根据依恋理论和相关文献可以推测, 情绪调节和认知图式可能是安全依恋影响个体共情和利他行为的两种心理机制。未来可以探讨利他行为实施者与接受者的关系远近及双方依恋风格匹配程度的调节作用, 进一步验证安全依恋影响共情和利他行为的心理机制, 探讨利他行为对安全依恋的反向促进作用以及开发通过安全依恋培养个体共情能力和利他行为的干预方案。     

Violent video games exposure and aggression: The role of moral disengagement,anger, hostility,and disinhibition

Based on the General Aggression Model (GAM), the current study investigated the interactive effect of personal factors (e.g., sensation-seeking) and situational factors (e.g., violent video games exposure [VVGE]) on the trait aggressive behavior, and the mediating role of individual difference trait (e.g., moral disengagement, anger, and hostility). We recruited 547 undergraduates (48.45% male) from five Chinese universities. The results showed that VVGE was positively associated with moral disengagement, disinhibition, and the four aggressive traits (physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, and hostility), which were positively associated with each other. Moral disengagement was positively associated with both the disinhibition and the four aggressive traits. Disinhibition was positively associated with the four aggressive traits as well. When controlled for gender, moral disengagement, anger, and hostility wholly mediated the relationship between VVGE and aggression, but the moderation effect of disinhibition was not significant. These findings support the framework of GAM and indicate that moral disengagement, anger, and hostility may be the factors that increase the risk of a higher level of aggression following repeated exposure to violent video games.     

知觉冲突信息对他人印象控制策略的影响:以直接信息与间接信息为例

个体根据知觉选择、反应偏向以及实时更新的情境信息调节自身状态,以适应性地促进对当前知觉信息的灵活编码,这一过程即为印象形成的认知控制。采用词语判断任务操控直接信息与间接信息,通过侧抑制任务的变式对知觉对象进行高、低负载两种水平的加工,考察了不同类型的冲突信息及其知觉负载对他人印象控制策略的影响。结果发现:知觉负载对印象控制策略的调节作用会依据知觉信息的类型(冲突vs.相容)而变化。具体而言,当知觉信息相容时,个体的印象控制策略仅受知觉负载的调节而产生效应,即高知觉负载的个体易采取主动性控制策略而进行自上而下的线索驱动性加工,低知觉负载的个体则易采取反应性控制策略而进行自下而上的探测驱动性加工; 当知觉信息冲突时,个体的知觉负载效应消失,即对冲突信息的印象控制策略受到知觉信息的类型(冲突vs.相容)与知觉负载双重调节:高知觉负载的个体易采取反应性控制策略而激活反刻板印象,从而在印象加工中出现冲突适应偏向; 低知觉负载的个体则易采取主动性控制策略而激活刻板印象,从而在印象加工中出现冲突抑制偏向。这些结果表明,仅当他人信息不存在冲突时,知觉负载对印象控制策略的调节才发挥单一效应。