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281.
282.
城市老年人社会支持网络与生活满意度的研究 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
本研究采用自编的社会支持网络调查表对上海市96位老人进行了调查,试图了解城市老年人社会支持的基本情况及其对生活满意度的影响。结果表明:(1)城市老年人社会支持网络得分为85.87±8.56(x±s);(2)社会支持网络得分与生活满意度之间存在极其显著的正相关;(3)在各因素水平中,社会机构的支持对老年人生活满意度的影响最大,子女支持的影响次之,配偶支持的影响最小;情感支持的影响作用大于认知支持和行为支持。 相似文献
283.
本实验选择了幼儿园大班,小学一、三、五年级的5—12岁右利儿童133人,用八种书写方式书写自己的姓名、阿拉伯数字1—10和八个汉字,同时检查了儿童的定向能力。结果表明:随着年龄的增大,镜像书写出现的人次和数目减少;自左往右的习惯方向书写所出现的镜像人次和数目比自右往左的非习惯方向少;左手出现镜像书写比右手多;双手同时书写比单手出现的镜像书写多;有空间定向力的比仅有自身定向和无定向力的人出现的镜像书写少。本文验证了镜像书写形成的传统假说后,进一步提出了熟练理论:随着对汉字和数字的认知与视-书写运动图式的牢固掌握,镜像字体的出现就逐渐减少,并认为镜像书写存在着一个复杂的机制,是受多因素控制的。 相似文献
284.
独立型与依赖型自我:Markus等的自我结构研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Markus认为不同的文化系统即个人主义与集体主义的文化将对应不同的自我结构:独立型自我和依赖型自我,而不同的自我结构可以解释预测个体在情绪、认知、动机等方面的差异。Markus等人的研究结果引人注目,同时也受到了相当多的质疑和批判。该文系统综述了这方面的情况。 相似文献
285.
中学生师生关系的结构、类型及其发展特点 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
选取319名初一至高三学生作为被试,主要采用问卷法,考察中学生师生关系的结构、类型及其发展特点。结果表明:(1)师生关系结构具有冲突性、依恋性、亲密性和回避性四个维度;(2)师生关系类型包括矛盾冲突型、亲密和谐型和疏远平淡型三种类型;(3)师生关系各维度不存在显著性别差异,但存在显著年级差异,师生关系质量随年级升高呈波浪式下降趋势,初一学生的师生关系最好,初二和高二学生的师生关系最不理想;(4)师生关系各类型的人数比例存在显著年级差异。 相似文献
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287.
Wu GY Yao J Zhang LQ Li X Fan ZL Yang Y Sui JF 《Neurobiology of learning and memory》2012,97(3):277-288
It has been proposed that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is not necessary for delay eyeblink conditioning (DEC). Here, we investigated the involvement of the mPFC in DEC with a soft or loud tone as the conditioned stimulus (CS) by using electrolytic lesions or muscimol inactivation of guinea pig mPFC. Interestingly, when a soft tone was used as a CS, electrolytic lesions of the mPFC significantly retarded acquisition of the conditioned response (CR), and muscimol infusions into mPFC distinctly inhibited the acquisition and expression of CR, but had no significant effect on consolidation of well-learned CR. In contrast, both electrolytic lesions and muscimol inactivation of mPFC produced no significant deficits in the CR when a loud tone was used as the CS, or in the unconditioned response (UR) when a soft or loud tone was used as the CS. These results demonstrate that the mPFC is essential for the DEC with the soft tone CS but not for the DEC with the loud tone CS. 相似文献
288.
This study tested the measurement invariance of Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and compared its factorial variance/covariance and latent means among Chinese and Italian children. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis of the original five factors identified by Kovacs revealed that full measurement invariance did not hold. Further analysis showed that 4 of 21 factor loadings, 14 of 26 intercepts, and 12 of 26 item errors were noninvariant. Factor variance and covariance invariant tests revealed significant differences between Chinese and Italian samples. The latent factor mean comparison suggested no significant difference across the two groups. Nevertheless, the finding of partial metric and scalar invariance suggested that observed mean differences on the CDI items cannot be fully explained by the mean differences in the latent factor. These results suggest that researchers and practitioners exercise caution when gauging the size of the true national population differences in depressive symptoms among Italian and Chinese children when assessed via CDI. In addition to providing needed evidence on the use of the CDI in Italian and Chinese children specifically, the methods used in this research can serve more generally as an example for other cross-cultural assessment research to test structural equivalence and measurement invariance of scales and to determine why it is important to do so. 相似文献
289.
Applied Research in Quality of Life - Despite growing attention to health impacts of parental migration on children left behind, little is known about the mechanism through which parental migration... 相似文献
290.
The present study used a masked priming paradigm and two language tasks (lexical decision, semantic categorical judgment) to investigate whether concrete and abstract words share the same degree of conceptual representation across languages for bilinguals. The results showed that the priming effect of translation equivalents did not differ for concrete and abstract words in the lexical decision task, in both prime-target directions (in Experiment 1). The same results were also found in the semantic categorical judgment task in either prime-target direction (in Experiment 2). Our results do not provide support for the representation difference hypothesis of concrete and abstract words of Distributed Representation Model (De Groot, 1992a, 1992b; Van Hell & De Groot, 1998), which assumes that concrete words share more semantic components in the conceptual representations across languages, compared with abstract words. Rather, our findings suggest that both concrete and abstract words have the same degree of overlap in conceptual representations across a bilingual's two languages. 相似文献