从恢复体验到地方依恋:环境偏好与居住时长的作用

探究源自环境的恢复体验(如,放松、平静等)对居住者地方依恋(包括地方依赖和地方认同两个维度)的预测作用,并分析其中的内在过程与情境条件。采用问卷研究法(N=410),结果发现:(1)恢复体验能显著正向预测个体地方依恋;(2)环境偏好在恢复体验与地方依恋之间起完全中介作用;(3)居住时长调节环境偏好与地方依恋(主要是地方认同)之间的关系。研究将有助于探寻环境心理学视角下的压力管理与城市管理协同路径。     

阅读进度反馈信息对工作同盟和咨询效果的影响

进度反馈指将对当事人的标准化测量结果和解释反馈给咨询师的干预, 其目的在于矫正咨询师对咨询效果主观评估的偏差, 提高咨询效果。考虑到咨询师和当事人“面对面”的标准反馈程序不符合我国社会文化习惯, 采用多层结构方程模型, 分析了自然情境下非“面对面”的进度反馈对工作同盟和咨询效果的影响。结果发现, 在组间水平, 反馈组的工作同盟质量更好; 在组内水平, 工作同盟与症状是相互预测的关系。在结案时, 反馈组在抑郁症状和咨询的有帮助性上效果更好。结论是进度反馈对工作同盟和咨询效果有积极影响。研究从工作同盟和中国人的关系角度拓展了对进度反馈作用机制的认识, 为进度反馈的应用提供了基于实践干预有效的证据。     

Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with negatively variable impacts on domains of female sexual function: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis

To systematically review the literature to identify the impact of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on specific female sexual function domains. A meta-analysis was performed and the related literature were searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM and Web of Science databases, and in reference lists of articles and systematic reviews. Score of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was used as the outcome measurement, and mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Five studies were included, including 346 women with RA and 237 healthy female controls. Each domain of the FSFI score: lubrication (MD, ?2.48; 95% CI, ?3.69, ?1.28), orgasm-1.71 (?2.09, ?1.33), sexual desire-1.27 (?1.59, ?0.95), satisfaction-1.67 (?2.18, ?1.16), arousal-1.83 (?2.85, ?0.82), pain-1.57 (?2.43, ?0.70) and the total score ?8.84 (?11.88, ?5.79) were lower in RA women than healthy controls. Furthermore, lubrication dimension was most severely affected especially. This meta-analysis showed that female RA patients scored lower in each dimension of FSFI, mostly in the lubrication domain. It demonstrated that targeted interventions should be done to improve their sexual function. Future well-designed researches with larger sample sizes are necessary to evaluate the potential risk factors which determine female sexual dysfunction.     

不同职工对待激励模式需求程度的实证研究

本研究的目的是研究不同情况职工采取何种激励方法最为有效。方法是采用自编的职厂激励调查表．对河北省石家庄市不同类型、等级的3家医院的医护人员进行了调查．首先对调查项目的在被调查人中进行因子分析筛选项目．形成了最终的激励评价表,用该激励评价表的项目统计分析了不问情况职工对待激励模式的需要程度。统计的平均数显示．对工作环境、责任和物质奖励比较重视．女工对物质奖励的要求高于男职工,男职工在与工作有关的因素上高于女职工;从年龄和职务来看,年龄越低,职务越低,对各种激励模式的要求越高;文化程度越高,对责任、成就、人际关系的要求越高。     

国外心理契约破坏及结果变量与调节变量：述评与展望

心理契约破坏是个体对组织未能履行其在心理契约中应承担责任的认知评价。文章首先结合以往研究探讨了心理契约破坏与相应结果变量的关系,然后探讨了调节变量的作用,最后从被试群体、研究方法及理论模型的构建上对未来研究进行了展望。     

组织职业生涯管理对职业承诺和工作满意度的影响 ——职业延迟满足的中介作用分析

以321名企业员工为被试,通过自编的职业延迟满足问卷,考察了企业员工的职业延迟满足在组织职业生涯管理对职业承诺、工作满意度影响过程中的中介作用。结果表明：职业延迟满足与组织职业生涯管理、职业承诺、工作满意度存在显著正相关;工作年限等人口统计学变量对职业延迟满足没有显著的预测作用;公平晋升、注重培训对职业延迟满足有显著的预测作用;职业延迟满足在组织职业生涯管理对职业承诺、工作满意度影响过程中存在中介作用;在结构方程模型中,职业延迟满足在公平晋升、注重培训与职业承诺、工作满意度之间存在中介作用;而职业延迟满足在职业发展与职业承诺、工作满意度之间不存在中介作用     

范畴三段论推理的表征与影响因素研究

采用纸笔测验法对大学生如何进行范畴三段论推理进行了初步探讨.被试为123名大学生.研究发现:(1)人们在范畴三段论推理中一般有图形(像)的参与,且明晰的图形提示有助于推理成绩的提高;(2)影响范畴三段论推理的因素主要有前提能够建构的模型的数目、前提的内容、前提的格(格效应)和推理者自身(文理科、知识背景等)因素.具体而言,图示只对纯符号推理题有提高作用,理科学生只在文字内容推理题上显著高于文科学生;(3)对前提的不完全解释是产生推理错误的重要原因之一.     

6～8岁儿童同伴互动及与父亲教养方式的关系

本研究对象为55名7岁左右的小学儿童。数据收集方式为自然情景下对儿童行为的录像观察．父亲教养方式采用Q分类卡片(CRPR．Block,1981)中译本进行测试。研究结果显示,女孩在集体游戏和同伴对话这些行为中所占的比例较高．而攻击行为则要明显少于男孩;女孩在同伴交往主动性上要优于男生;儿童同伴游戏的丰富性水平与父亲所报告的鼓励成就和鼓励独立的教养方式呈显著正相关;儿童同伴交往的主动性水平与父亲所报告的拒绝教养方式呈显著负相关。     

中国人的人格特点(Ⅱ):善良

该研究的目的是探讨不同性别、年龄、职业和婚姻状况的被试在善良人格维度上的特点。1276名被试在中国人人格量表（QZVS）的善良维度上的分数存在不同程度的性别、年龄、职业和婚姻状况差异,其中尤以性别和年龄的影响最大,年龄和职业的交互作用明显,而且婚姻状况会明显影响个体1的重感情倾向。文中还讨论了善良人格维度差异的意义以及将来研究的方向。     

Modulating younger and older adults’ performance in ignoring pictorial information during a word matching task

Using both behavioural and event-related potential (ERP) data, the current study sought to examine the neurophysiological underpinnings for the effect of distracting pictorial information on semantic word matching performance in younger and older adults. This was tested in the context of semantic relations between task-relevant word pairs, a task-irrelevant picture and the resultant N400 differences in ERP. Younger and older adults were shown a context word superimposed on a to-be-ignored picture, followed by a test word. Their task was to determine whether the prime and test words were semantically related. The to-be-ignored pictures were interfering (for ‘No’ trials), facilitating (for ‘Yes’ trials), or neutral (for both ‘Yes’ and ‘No’ trials) to the expected responses. The interfering and facilitatory effects of to-be-ignored pictures were assessed under more automatic and more controlled conditions by manipulating the context–test interstimulus-interval (ISI) as 50 ms and 1000 ms, respectively. The analysis of the N400 at centro-parietal sites during test word display revealed similar N400 amplitudes for the ‘No’ response trials at the two ISIs, suggesting that younger and older adults showed an equivalent effect from interfering pictures. In contrast, younger adults showed greater reductions in the N400, as compared to older adults, for ‘Yes’ trials indicating differential effects in facilitation from to-be-ignored pictorial information, but only in the long ISI condition. The data are discussed in terms of age differences in resource demanding strategy use during a semantic word matching task, specifically during controlled retrieval.