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521.
A follow-up study of girls with gender identity disorder 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study provided information on the natural histories of 25 girls with gender identity disorder (GID). Standardized assessment data in childhood (mean age, 8.88 years; range, 3-12 years) and at follow-up (mean age, 23.24 years; range, 15-36 years) were used to evaluate gender identity and sexual orientation. At the assessment in childhood, 60% of the girls met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria for GID, and 40% were subthreshold for the diagnosis. At follow-up, 3 participants (12%) were judged to have GID or gender dysphoria. Regarding sexual orientation, 8 participants (32%) were classified as bisexual/homosexual in fantasy, and 6 (24%) were classified as bisexual/homosexual in behavior. The remaining participants were classified as either heterosexual or asexual. The rates of GID persistence and bisexual/homosexual sexual orientation were substantially higher than base rates in the general female population derived from epidemiological or survey studies. There was some evidence of a "dosage" effect, with girls who were more cross-sex typed in their childhood behavior more likely to be gender dysphoric at follow-up and more likely to have been classified as bisexual/homosexual in behavior (but not in fantasy). 相似文献
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524.
Michele M. Many 《Infant mental health journal》2009,30(1):23-39
Children who have endured traumatizing events often have a history of prior disruptions and losses which also have been experienced as traumatic. Termination of therapy with these children, therefore, provides a unique opportunity for the clinician to provide the traumatized child and his or her caregiver with a new experience of loss; one that is controlled, predictable, and paced. Through this experience, the child and caregiver can develop a new model for loss, one that permits for losses that are a natural part of healthy growth and change. This article outlines one approach to utilizing termination as an integral component of the therapeutic process with infants, toddlers, and preschoolers and their caregivers. Using a psychodynamic model and working dyadically with the child and the caregiver, termination is approached as a primary intervention, pivotal to the successful treatment of this vulnerable population. 相似文献
525.
Kenneth J. Harris Paul Harvey K. Michele Kacmar 《Journal of business and psychology》2009,24(2):153-164
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between social stressors and the outcomes of job satisfaction,
altruism, and turnover intentions. Additionally, this study examined the moderating impact of individuals’ core self-evaluations
on these relationships.
Design/methodology/approach Data were obtained from a branch of the state government in the southeast. Responses were received from 144 employees. Supervisors
provided responses as well, and the matched dyads where both supervisor and subordinate responses were received numbered 133.
Findings We found that social stressors were negatively related to job satisfaction and altruism and positively related to turnover
intentions. Results also indicated that higher core self-evaluations buffered the negative influence of social stressors on
job satisfaction and turnover intention, but not altruism.
Implications Our results reinforce the notion that social stressors exhibit significant negative associations with desired job consequences.
Another managerial implication relates to managers when filling vacant positions. When completing this task, managers need
to honestly and accurately assess the social stressors present in their organization. When social stressors are high, managers
should seek to hire individuals who possess higher core self-evaluations.
Originality/value This study employed a different theoretical perspective, conservation of resources theory, and extended the nomological network
related to social stressors. Additionally, this study showed the important moderating impact that core self-evaluations can
have on other relationships, whereas the large majority of previous studies have examined core self-evaluations as a main
effect predictor of important organizational outcomes.
Received and Reviewed by former editor, George Neuman. 相似文献
526.
Gianvittorio Caprara Michele Vecchione Shalom H. Schwartz 《Asian Journal of Social Psychology》2009,12(2):82-94
Two studies use the Five Factor Model of traits and Schwartz's (1992 ) theory of basic personal values to assess the mediational role of values in linking traits to voting choice and left-right ideology. Both left- and right-wing voters showed distinctive traits and values that were congruent with their ideologies. Structural equation modelling supported a hypothesized full mediation model. Individuals' traits of openness, conscientiousness and agreeableness explained significant variance in the politically relevant values of security and universalism, and these self-reported values, in turn, explained the voters' political orientations. These findings held across age (adolescents and adults) and were corroborated using both cross-sectional and longitudinal data. 相似文献
527.
The moderating effect of parental warmth on the association between spanking and child aggression: a longitudinal approach 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ann Michele Stacks Toko Oshio Jean Gerard Jacqueline Roe 《Infant and child development》2009,18(2):178-194
Using data from the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Study, this study analysed the stability of child aggressive behaviour beginning in infancy and tested whether spanking when the child was 36 months was associated with aggressive child behaviour among three ethnic groups and whether maternal warmth moderated the effect of spanking on aggressive behaviour in each ethnic group at 36 months, after controlling for earlier aggressive behaviour. Participants included 693 Hispanic parent–child dyads, 1013 African‐American dyads and 1086 Caucasian dyads who met qualifications for participation in the Early Head Start programme. Findings suggest that infant temperament was associated with aggressive behaviour at 24 and 36 months and that child aggression remained stable. Among the three ethnic groups, spanking was only associated with aggressive behaviour for children who had Caucasian mothers and maternal warmth did not moderate the effect of spanking on aggressive behaviour. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
528.
In the U.S., diversion has increasingly become one of the most utilized alternatives to detention of delinquent youth. Programs providing diversion can vary greatly. Variations in program design make it difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of program outcomes. Utilizing hierarchical linear modeling, this study examines variations in outcome for ten program sites of the New York State MH/JJ Diversion Project. Program and youth predictors were evaluated on two outcomes: out-of- community placement and recidivism. At the individual level, significant mental health and substance abuse problems, age, prior placements, and use of wraparound funds were predictive of youth placements, while significant substance abuse problems were predictive of recidivism. Program variations were found to have a significant impact on youth outcomes. Specifically, sites providing direct (or "in house") care had significantly reduced rates of placement. Study results and implications for future research are discussed. 相似文献
529.
Kenneth J. Harris Martha C. Andrews K. Michele Kacmar 《Journal of business and psychology》2007,22(2):135-144
Research suggests that perceptions of organizational politics consistently result in negative outcomes for individuals. In
the current study, distributive and procedural justice are explored for their effects on the relationships between perceptions
of organizational politics and turnover intentions and job satisfaction. We tested these relationships in a sample of 311
employees of a water management district. Results indicated the politics––turnover intentions and politics––job satisfaction
relationships were weaker when perceptions of both forms of justice are high. Further, and potentially more interestingly,
politics mattered the most when the distribution of outcomes was unfair (distributive justice) as opposed to when procedures
were unfair (procedural justice). Implications for future research and management practice are discussed. 相似文献
530.
No-fault statutes changed divorce from an adversarial system pitting victims against victimizers, with the state acting as enforcer of marital norms, to a private decision between unhappily married but legally blameless partners. Divorce reform following no-fault primarily focused on making divorce more fair for the parties involved. Over the last several decades, divorce reform has transitioned from making divorce better to making marriage healthier. The good divorce has slipped from policy attention, elevating the potential for restigmatization of divorced couples and their children. We trace the trajectory of media framing of divorce reform discourse in three general circulation newspapers from the start of the no-fault revolution, noting how media framing parallels and naturalizes the transition in divorce reform policy. We conclude by observing the prevalence of divorce and the related need for therapists to be cognizant of this naturalization process, thereby keeping the good divorce as a goal for those who desire to end their marriages. 相似文献