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51.
The present theory-driven, empirical evaluation examined cross-sectional influences on men’s engagement in risky body change behaviors. The study tested a slightly revised version of the Tripartite Influence Model (Thompson et al. 1999) with a sample of 156 male undergraduate students from the Midwestern Region of the United States. Participants completed measures pertaining to body image and health-risk behaviors. Consistent with the Tripartite Influence Model (Thompson et al. 1999), individual psychological variables mediated the association between sociocultural influences and muscularity-oriented body dissatisfaction. Body dissatisfaction mediated the relation between psychological variables and engagement in body change behaviors. Theoretical models developed to explain body change behaviors among women may be applicable to men when constructs are assessed in ways that are relevant to men. 相似文献
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David B. Estell Thomas W. Farmer Matthew J. Irvin Amity Crowther Patrick Akos Daniel J. Boudah 《Journal of child and family studies》2009,18(2):136-150
We examined bullying and victimization in 5th grade classrooms in relation to students’ education status and peer group membership.
The sample consisted of 484 participants (258 girls, 226 boys), including 369 general education students, 74 academically
gifted students, and 41 students with mild disabilities. Students with mild disabilities were more likely to be perceived
as being bullies by both teachers and peers. Teachers also rated students with mild disabilities significantly higher for
being bullied by peers. Academically gifted students were rated by teachers as the lowest for both bullying and being bullied.
Associating with aggressive or perceived-popular peers increased the likelihood of being perceived as a bully. Social isolates
were more likely to be bullied than students who did not associate with perceived-popular peers who, in turn, were more likely
to be bullied than students who associated with perceived-popular peers. Students with mild disabilities who had aggressive
and perceived-popular associates had more peer nominations for bullying than all others. In contrast, students in general
education with neither aggressive nor perceived-popular associates had the fewest peer nominations for bullying. We discuss
implications for research and intervention. 相似文献
54.
IS SELF-OBJECTIFICATION RELATED TO INTEROCEPTIVE AWARENESS? AN EXAMINATION OF POTENTIAL MEDIATING PATHWAYS TO DISORDERED EATING ATTITUDES 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Although there has been considerable empirical support for Objectification Theory ( Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997 ), findings have been mixed regarding self-objectification's relationship to interoceptive awareness, an awareness of one's internal physical and emotional states. We examined whether interoceptive awareness mediated the relationship between self-objectification and disordered eating attitudes, exploring more specifically the relative contributions of difficulties recognizing feelings of hunger and satiety versus emotions. College women ( N = 195) completed measures assessing self-objectification, interoceptive awareness, awareness of emotions, and disordered eating attitudes. Self-objectification correlated significantly more strongly with interoceptive awareness when internal cues about hunger and satiety were assessed. The relationship between self-objectification and disordered eating attitudes was partially mediated by interoceptive awareness. Results revealed that interoceptive awareness may best be captured by a measure that includes lack of awareness of both hunger and satiety and emotional states. Research and clinical implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献
55.
Paul Crowther 《Continental Philosophy Review》2007,40(2):151-170
Heidegger’s paper ‘Art and Space’ (1969, Man and world 6. Bloomington: Indiana university Press) is the place where he gives his fullest discussion of a major art medium which is
somewhat neglected in aesthetics, namely sculpture. The structure of argument in ‘Art and Space’ is cryptic even by Heidegger’s
standards. The small amount of literature tends to focus on the paper’s role within Heidegger’s own oeuvre as an expression of changes in his understanding of space. This is ironic; for Heidegger’s main thematic in the essay is
the way in which space is overcome in the creation of sculpture. Of course, by virtue of its three-dimensional character, sculpture seems to be a spatial medium,
par excellence. The counter-intuitive character of Heidegger’s position requires, accordingly, that his argumentative strategy be scrutinized
very closely. In this paper, therefore, I will examine closely the structure of Heidegger’s argument, with the aim of understanding,
rectifying, and then developing his most important insights. My ultimate aim is to show the subtle, but radical points which
are at issue in Heidegger’s arguments, and to develop them much further in the clarification of sculpture’s key philosophical
significance.
相似文献
Paul CrowtherEmail: |
56.
Recent changes in gerontology have drawn attention to the role of spirituality among older adults. Demographic trends suggest that the number of African Americans over the age of 65 is increasing, with the largest shift to occur in persons 85 years of age and older. Given the paucity of information available regarding the relationship between spirituality and aging along with the increase in the number of older African Americans, a literature review of these concepts is sorely needed. This paper provides a thorough profile of older African Americans, with a review of historical and cultural factors that have informed the spiritual development of this population. Additionally, attention is given to methodological issues such as definitions, measures, sampling, and research designs at the interface of development and spirituality in this population. The paper also reviews findings to date about the effects of spirituality on physical and mental health among older African Americans. 相似文献
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The paper describes our experience of teaching analytical psychology to a group of graduates of the East European Institute of Psychoanalysis in St Petersburg, our developing partnership as we struggled to teach and learn, each with our own assumptions, preconceptions and projections about the other, and the emotional impact of our radically different social, intellectual and political histories. We had to be affected to become effective. It draws on contemporary Jungian ideas to unpack the interpersonal dynamics involved when there are culturally different styles of learning, which created a complicated transference/countertransference matrix. We believe we have by now witnessed a process of individuation among our students and at the same time they too have witnessed some change and growth in us. 相似文献
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A large body of literature demonstrates the association between body image disturbances and health compromising behaviors among women (e.g., pathological eating, substance use, inappropriate exercise). However, given that disturbed body image is a pervasive problem, it is likely inversely related to health maintenance behaviors. Cancer screenings for breast, skin, and cervical cancer represent an important type of health maintenance behavior, yet adherence rates are low. Given the body-focused nature of these screenings, body image may be a salient predictor. This paper reviews the literature on the relationship between body image disturbances and cancer screening behaviors among women culminating in the proposal of a theoretical model. This model posits that body shame and body avoidance predict performance of cancer screenings and that variables drawn from the cancer literature, including risk perception, health anxiety, subjective norms, and self-efficacy, may moderate this relationship. Clinical implications and suggestions for research are discussed. 相似文献
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Crowther C Wiener J Tserashchuk A Tsivinsky V Volodina E Alexandrova NL 《The Journal of analytical psychology》2011,56(5):627-652
This panel presentation at the Journal's conference in St Petersburg responded to the conference theme of 'Ancestors in Personal, Professional and Social History' by relating it to the experience of training and being trained on the IAAP 'router' programme in Russia. The two organizers of the programme (JW and CC) have worked in Russia for over 12 years, bringing analysts from Britain to Moscow and St Petersburg on a 'shuttle' basis as supervisors and personal analysts. A few months after handing over the router programme in December 2010 to the Russian colleagues they had trained, they invited four analysts, three Russian and one Belarusian, to tell a short personal story about their training, linking it to the theme of 'the Ancestors'. The resulting four stories are very different but complement each other, using imagery to illustrate issues concerning both value and ambivalence. JW and CC jointly wrote their story about the programme in response to the four stories, reflecting on some of their themes and from them, giving consideration to the flexibility and limits of such a model of cross-cultural training. Themes in the stories included the possibility of mutual adaptation to another culture without losing tradition and identity; moving on from doctrinaire Soviet attitudes in education to embrace 'not knowing'; both organizers and routers learning from mistakes and from joint experience without guilt or shame; the need to protect reflective space amidst the constraints of time and geography. All Russian and UK contributors could finally acknowledge their shared luck to find themselves in the right place at the right time to respond to the collective revival of psychoanalytic practice in Russia. 相似文献
60.
Women of color theorists have suggested that the double minority status of gender and ethnicity places African American women at higher risk for anxiety. However, little information is available about anxiety disorders among African American women. The existing literature subsumes Black women under the general category of African Americans and focuses on low-income samples. In this study, we examine the manifestation of panic disorder in a sample of 15 predominantly middle-class African American women. We then compare these women to a group of 35 predominantly middle-class African American women without panic disorder on several factors, including presence of isolated sleep paralysis, presence of other anxiety disorders, help-seeking behavior, and victimization. Results indicate that African American women with panic disorder experienced isolated sleep paralysis, and that both groups had high levels of sexual victimization. Help-seeking among women with panic and other anxiety disorders was limited to relationship difficulties, sexual assault, and bereavement. 相似文献