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231.
Klmberley L. Gammage Craig R. Hall Kathleen A. Martin Ginis 《Journal of applied social psychology》2004,34(8):1638-1651
The present study investigated the relationship between cognitive manifestations of self-presentation (social physique anxiety, self-presentational efficacy, impression motivation, and exercise imagery) and exercise behavior in 235 female exercisers. Each participant completed the Social Physique Anxiety Scale, a measure of self-presentational efficacy, the impression motivation subscale of the Self-Presentation in Exercise Questionnaire, and the Exercise Imagery Questionnaire. The results of a MANCOVA indicated high-frequency exercisers reported higher levels of efficacy expectancy, outcome value, and exercise imagery than did low-frequency exercisers. Semi-partial correlations showed efficacy expectancy, outcome expectancy, and appearance imagery each accounted for significant variance in social physique anxiety, independent of other predictors. Self-presentational efficacy expectancy appears to be a potent variable in both exercise behavior and social physique anxiety. 相似文献
232.
The authors discuss the results of a content analysis of 14 syllabi of introductory courses on spirituality in counseling. Course syllabi were examined to determine trends in the content of these courses and to determine if the instruction is consistent with 9 competencies developed at the Summit on Spirituality. Results suggested that there was substantial variance in the extent to which the competencies were covered in the syllabi. The authors discuss implications for teaching courses on spirituality in counseling. 相似文献
233.
Anne McDonald Culp Rex E. Culp Tamara Hechtner‐Galvin Christina S. Howell Tara Saathoff‐Wells Pam Marr 《Infant mental health journal》2004,25(1):1-15
Professionals in the field of child development were employed to provide home visitation services to 156 mothers and infants prenatally through the infants' first birthdays. Compared to a control group of mothers (n = 107), the intervention mothers utilized more community resources, had safer homes, had more appropriate developmental expectations, had better understanding of noncorporal punishment, and had behaviors that were more accepting and respectful to their infants. The home visitors were well educated, with experience in home visitation, and supervised. Program implementation procedures were documented and supervised. Program fidelity and the efficacy of using child development specialists as home visitors are discussed in regards to the positive findings. ©2004 Michigan Association for Infant Mental Health. 相似文献
234.
Craig S. Cashwell Jane E. Myers W. Matthew Shurts 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2004,82(4):403-409
At a time when attention to spirituality within the counseling profession is unparalleled, 1 potential problem is that clients who engage in spiritual bypass will be supported in this dysfunctional pattern by their counselor. The purpose of this article is to define and describe spiritual bypass and to discuss the use of the developmental counseling and therapy model to assess and intervene with a client who is in spiritual bypass. 相似文献
235.
236.
A sample of 135 female and 164 male church leaders of mixed denominations completed the Francis Psychological Type Scales. The female church leaders demonstrated clear preferences for extraversion over introversion, for sensing over intuition, for feeling over thinking, and for judging over perceiving. The male church leaders demonstrated clear preferences for introversion over extraversion, for sensing over intuition, for thinking over feeling, and for judging over perceiving. The predominant type among the women was ESFJ (22%) and the predominant type among the men was ISTJ (30%). Extravert and feeling types were significantly overrepresented among female church leaders, compared with male church leaders. 相似文献
237.
Craig S Lewandowsky S Little DR 《Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition》2011,37(3):673-687
The assumption in some current theories of probabilistic categorization is that people gradually attenuate their learning in response to unavoidable error. However, existing evidence for this error discounting is sparse and open to alternative interpretations. We report 2 probabilistic-categorization experiments in which we investigated error discounting by shifting feedback probabilities to new values after different amounts of training. In both experiments, responding gradually became less responsive to errors, and learning was slowed for some time after the feedback shift. Both results were indicative of error discounting. Quantitative modeling of the data revealed that adding a mechanism for error discounting significantly improved the fits of an exemplar-based and a rule-based associative learning model, as well as of a recency-based model of categorization. We conclude that error discounting is an important component of probabilistic learning. 相似文献
238.
Tracy M. Kantrowitz Craig R. Dawson Michael S. Fetzer 《Journal of business and psychology》2011,26(2):227-232
As the usage of unproctored Internet testing (UIT) rises, new methods of mitigating challenges associated with UIT have been
proposed. We suggest that one of the most promising methods is computer adaptive testing (CAT), and is a major advancement
in pre-employment testing. CAT combines science and technology to help deliver a targeted and secure testing experience. In
this article, we describe the use of CAT in organizations and highlight examples of how CAT has been applied to the measurement
of cognitive ability, knowledge, and personality traits. We also set out a research agenda that will advance the development
and implementation of future CATs. 相似文献
239.
Craig Brandist 《Studies in East European Thought》2011,63(1):43-61
The life and career of the Soviet scholar of myth and religion Izrail′ Grigor′evič Frank-Kamenetskij is discussed, tracing
his development from a scholar working exclusively on semitology to a theorist of myth and literature. The scholar’s relationship
to German philosophy and Biblical scholarship is outlined, along with his relationship to Soviet scholarship of the 1920s
and 1930s. The development of the scholar’s work is related to his encounter with N. Ja. Marr in the early 1920s, and the
way in which Marr’s doctrine underwent considerable revisions when subjected to German philosophy and applied to narrative
material is detailed. Finally the way in which attention increasingly turned to the genesis of literary plots and poetic metaphor
is discussed, along with both the influence such work exerted and the enduring value of such work today. 相似文献
240.
The goal of the present study was to elucidate the role of the human striatum in learning via reward and punishment during an associative learning task. Previous studies have identified the striatum as a critical component in the neural circuitry of reward-related learning. It remains unclear, however, under what task conditions, and to what extent, the striatum is modulated by punishment during an instrumental learning task. Using high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a reward- and punishment-based probabilistic associative learning task, we observed activity in the ventral putamen for stimuli learned via reward regardless of whether participants were correct or incorrect (i.e., outcome). In contrast, activity in the dorsal caudate was modulated by trials that received feedback--either correct reward or incorrect punishment trials. We also identified an anterior/posterior dissociation reflecting reward and punishment prediction error estimates. Additionally, differences in patterns of activity that correlated with the amount of training were identified along the anterior/posterior axis of the striatum. We suggest that unique subregions of the striatum--separated along both a dorsal/ventral and anterior/posterior axis--differentially participate in the learning of associations through reward and punishment. 相似文献