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631.
The Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI) inventory: psychometric evaluation with adolescent psychiatric inpatient samples 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Osman A Barrios FX Gutierrez PM Wrangham JJ Kopper BA Truelove RS Linden SC 《Journal of personality assessment》2002,79(3):512-530
In this study, we evaluated the factor structure of the Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI) Inventory (Osman, Gutierrez, Kopper, Barrios, & Chiros, 1998) using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The PANSI assesses the frequency of negative risk and protective factors that are related to suicidal behavior. Participants (n = 195) were adolescent psychiatric inpatients, ages 14 to 17 years, in the CFA. Results of the CFA supported the fit for the 2-factor oblique model as the best fitting model. The internal consistency reliability estimates of the 2 subscales, the PANSI-Negative (alpha = .96) and the PANSI-Positive (alpha = .89) were high. Scores on the PANSI scales differentiated between suicide attempters and controls and those at severe risk for suicide and controls. Correlational analyses provide strong support for the concurrent validity of the scales. The results of the logistic regression analyses provide support for the use of this new inventory as a risk measure of suicide-related behaviors: Scores on the PANSI scales (n = 54) also showed satisfactory evidence for test-retest reliability over a 2-week period. 相似文献
632.
The "I," the "we," and the "when": a meta-analysis of motivational primacy in self-definition 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Gaertner L Sedikides C Vevea JL Iuzzini J 《Journal of personality and social psychology》2002,83(3):574-591
What is the primary motivational basis of self-definition? The authors meta-analytically assessed 3 hypotheses: (a) The individual self is motivationally primary, (b) the collective self is motivationally primary, and (c) neither self is inherently primary; instead, motivational primacy depends on which self becomes accessible through contextual features. Results identified the individual self as the primary motivational basis of self-definition. People react more strongly to threat and enhancement of the individual than the collective self. Additionally, people more readily deny threatening information and more readily accept enhancing information when it pertains to the individual rather than the collective self, regardless of contextual influences. The individual self is the psychological home base, a stable system that can react flexibly to contextual influences. 相似文献
633.
Involvement of short-term memory in complex mental calculation 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
The aim of this study was to examine the involvement of the short-term memory system in complex mental addition by manipulating the phonological and visual similarity of two numbers to be added. The phonological similarity of the problems appeared to have a major effect on both speed and accuracy. However, the manipulation of visual similarity failed to have any measurable impact. This suggests that the phonological loop, rather than the visual-spatial sketch pad, would be used preferably for temporary storage of addends. An interpretation of these results in terms of the nature of the internal code underlying this task is discussed. 相似文献
634.
Elderly suicide in China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The rise in suicide rate among elderly people in China in recent years is noteworthy and may be associated with the increasing poverty of elderly people and the lack of social resources allocated to providing them with needed services to ensure their health and mental well-being. 相似文献
635.
Ye X Mitchell M Newman K Batshaw ML 《Mental retardation and developmental disabilities research reviews》2001,7(1):65-72
Advances in understanding the genetics and pathogenesis of disease and in prenatal diagnosis have lead to an exploration of ways to intervene earlier and earlier in the disease process. The possibility of prenatal gene therapy for severe genetic and developmental disorders has sparked new research and debate as to its feasibility, reliability, and ethics as a therapeutic option. Recent animal studies have demonstrated the feasibility of introducing a vector into the developing fetus. The optimal timing and best mode of delivery, however, have yet to be defined. Whether or not this research should be pursued also has been the subject of recent bioethical debates. There is additional concern with the possibility of in utero gene transfer inducing mutagenesis and subsequent tumor formation. This review will provide a summary of the current state of knowledge in the field of prenatal gene therapy and possible directions for the future research. 相似文献
636.
Tommasini Fabián C. Evin Diego A. Bermejo Fernando Hüg Mercedes X. Barrios M. Virginia Pampaluna Augusto 《Cognitive processing》2022,23(2):285-298
Cognitive Processing - Active Perception perspectives claim that action is closely related to perception. An empirical approach that supports these theories is the minimalist, in which participants... 相似文献
637.
In this study (N = 210), participants were sampled through the Mechanical Turk system to assess the validity and structural properties of the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen (i.e., narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism). First, the correlations of the Dirty Dozen and long-form Dark Triad measures with sociosexual behaviors, attitudes, and desires, were generally consistent. Second, the scales of the Dirty Dozen measure modestly correlated with other measures of the same constructs as would be expected given the reduction in content-breadth. Third, the scales tap different dimensions (e.g., primary psychopathy, entitlement) of the older measures despite the loss of content. Fourth, a series of factor analyses revealed that the three dimensional structure replicates, but the data were best explained by a bifactor model. Despite traditional objections to short measures, if the short measure is up to the task of measuring its constructs and has good structural properties, it is a useful tool. Whereas the Dirty Dozen appears to provide conservative estimates of correlations it does appear to be a valid and psychometrically sound measure of the Dark Triad. 相似文献
638.
The nature of shear flow lines in equal-channel angular-pressed (ECAPed) metals has been investigated experimentally and theoretically. Experimental results indicate that, for metals pressed in a right-angle die, the shear flow lines often have an angle of ~27° with respect to the extrusion direction. It is suggested that the shear flow lines are composed of a group of elongated grains with an elongation direction that deviates slightly from that of the shear flow lines. 相似文献
639.
Dislocation microstructures induced by room-temperature microhardness tests have been investigated in silicon nitride. Surface analysis of the residual indent by atomic force microscopy reveals intragranular slip bands and demonstrates that room-temperature plastic deformation involves dislocation motion as well as cross-slip events. Cross-slip events have been found to occur between {1010} prismatic planes. Transmission electron microscopy shows that dislocations have a Burgers vector b = [0001] and are located along the screw direction. Based on these observations, specific dislocation core configurations are discussed. 相似文献
640.
The surface tension of undercooled liquid cobalt has been measured by the oscillating-drop technique combined with electromagnetic levitation. The accuracy of the method was verified by measurements of the surface tension of liquid nickel. The liquid cobalt was undercooled by up to 231K (0.13T m), and its surface tension determined to be σCo =1875 0.348(T-T m)mNm-1. From this result, the viscosity, self-diffusion coefficient, density and thermal diffusivity of undercooled liquid cobalt were derived. Using these thermophysical parameters, the growth velocity of cobalt dendrite is calculated and shown to agree well with experimental results. Furthermore, the Marangoni number and the Rayleigh number are calculated; these increase slowly with increasing degree of undercooling. 相似文献