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961.
It has recently been argued that post-decision wagering provides an objective measure of awareness. We critically evaluate this claim, emphasizing the distinction between performance without awareness and a reluctance to gamble in full awareness of weak sensory evidence. We address two key methodological issues. The first is the design of the pay-off matrix to reward a strategy of wagering that reflects the strength of sensory evidence. The second is the use of signal detection theory to analyze the resulting data. We argue that proper treatment of these issues is essential if post-decision wagering is to prove valuable in validating claims of perception without awareness in normal subjects and neuropsychological patients. 相似文献
962.
963.
Prepared for the worst: readiness to acquire threat bias and susceptibility to elevate trait anxiety
Although people differ in their susceptibility to elevate trait anxiety in response to extended stress, little is known about the cognitive substrate of this particular individual difference. We report three studies designed to evaluate the hypothesis that individual differences in readiness to acquire an attentional bias toward threat cues, in response to a contingency that makes the acquisition of such a bias adaptive, underlie individual differences in susceptibility to elevate trait anxiety in response to extended stress. Our findings confirm that the ease with which such a threat bias can be transiently evoked by experimental conditions that encourage its acquisition predicts the degree to which trait anxiety later becomes elevated by extended exposure to a mild stressor. Furthermore, this reflects the fact that such early measures of attentional bias plasticity predict the later naturalistic acquisition of attentional bias in response to subsequent stress, which in turn is associated with a consequent increase in trait anxiety level. These findings are consistent with our proposed account of individual differences in susceptibility to elevate trait anxiety in response to stress. 相似文献
964.
In this article, we discuss the range of concerns people weigh when evaluating the acceptability of harmful actions and propose a new perspective on the relationship between harm and morality. With this aim, we examine Kelly, Stich, Haley, Eng and Fessler’s [Kelly, D., Stich, S., Haley, K., Eng, S., & Fessler, D. (2007). Harm, affect, and the moral/conventional distinction. Mind and Language, 22, 117-131] recent claim that, contrary to Turiel and associates, people do not judge harm to be authority independent and general in scope in the context of complex harmful scenarios (e.g., prisoner interrogation, military training). In a modified replication of their study, we examined participants’ judgments of harmful actions in these contexts by taking into account their explanations for their judgments. We claim that both in terms of participants’ judgments and rationales, the results largely confirm our hypothesis that actions involving harm andinjustice or rights violation are judged to be authority independent and general in scope, which is a modification of Turiel’s traditional hypothesis. 相似文献
965.
By Kristin Johnston Largen 《Dialog》2009,48(2):147-157
Abstract : This article lays out an argument for vegetarianism based on a Christian theological rationale, specifically on a new articulation of a Christian anthropology for the 21st century. What I suggest is that an exploration of what it means to be human in a contemporary first world context leads to the conclusion that vegetarianism is a logical expression of one's understanding of oneself as a Christian, and one's exercise of one's Christian faith and discipleship. 相似文献
966.
James Scott Johnston 《Studies in Philosophy and Education》2009,28(2):119-133
The biggest problem facing schools having social justice curricula, beyond implementation of a programme, I claim, is the problem of justification: what grounds what in social justice and how do we make this manifest to ourselves and to the curricula? If we cannot address this, then social justice curricula are doomed to begging the question. I claim that a ranking of human rights is not only necessary to adjudicate competing claims for social justice and at the same time, thwart interference with already agreed-upon human rights: it is necessary for any curriculum of social justice for schools. That is to say, curricular programs of social justice cannot justify social practices that interfere with human rights, nor can they teach otherwise than this. Due attention to the violation of human rights is necessary, I shall argue, and must be central in the discussion of education for social justice. 相似文献
967.
Colin Feltham 《Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy》2009,39(1):41-53
Consideration of the semantic problem of revolution in psychotherapy is followed by some justifications for a critical and
subjective approach to this discussion. Alleged revolutions in the field are critically examined, followed by an envisaged
revolution and its possible ingredients. Attention is paid to the concept of a revolutionary new human, with affective-somatic
and embodied-mystical examples given. Obstacles to such revolution are briefly examined and the concept of universal human
sickness or anthropathology is discussed, along with the notion of an anti-anthropathological revolution. 相似文献
968.
969.
Karen Hwang Mark V. Johnston Jeffrey K. Smith 《Applied research in quality of life》2009,4(3):295-310
Examined the impact of adult attachment style on overall psychosocial adjustment among people with physical disabilities.
100 individuals with chronic, non-progressive physical disabilities living in the community. Adult attachment style, self-esteem,
social integration and life satisfaction. Participants with physical disabilities did not differ from the general population
in terms of secure versus insecure attachment styles represented. Secure attachment style predicted higher selfesteem. Both
attachment security and physical independence were independently related to life satisfaction. This study highlights the importance
of examining interpersonal relationships in life satisfaction in people with physical disabilities 相似文献
970.