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191.
The advantages of loosely coupled hierarchical computer networks for psychological research are discussed. Hardware methods for interconnecting computers are considered, and software communication protocols are detailed. A hierarchy of interconnected computers is formed: (1) large campus computer for statistical analyses, (2) medium scale computer for data concentration and program development, and (3) laboratory computers for data collection. This hierarchy provides efficient computing at all levels and insures maximum computing power at minimum cost. 相似文献
192.
In order to determine the hiring standards for entry level jobs used by employers in rural central Minnesota, a rating scale was developed. On the rating scale, 15 characteristics that seemed important for hiring purposes were included. The rating scale was mailed to 20 employers hiring over 30 employees. All 20 employers returned the rating scales. The results indicate that 100 percent of the employers consider attitude as very important or most important for hiring purposes. Ability (aptitude) was considered very important by 90 percent of the employers. Interests, appearance, and references were considered to be of average or more importance by 90 percent of the employers for hiring purposes. The results should assist entry level job seekers in making more effective applications for work. 相似文献
193.
Marguerite B. Stevenson Lewis A. Leavitt Mary A. Roach Robin S. Chapman Jon F. Miller 《Journal of psycholinguistic research》1986,15(5):451-461
The speech of mothers and their 1-year-old infants was compared in the home and in the laboratory playroom. The home and laboratory settings were similar for measuring the number of actual words that infants spoke and were similar for measuring the complexity of the mother's speech, including the number of different words, the type-token ratio, and the length of the utterances. Infants vocalized at similar rates in the two settings, but mothers spoke at a faster rate in the laboratory playroom. The usefulness of a preliminary warm-up period was supported by the finding that for the second half of the sessions, mothers slowed their rate of speech and increased the complexity of their speech. 相似文献
194.
To find evidence of the generalizability of four interest factors established for tests within the Roe-Holland framework, factor scores derived from a Vocational Interest Inventory grounded in Roe's system were correlated with the empirically based Strong-Campbell Occupational scale scores. For this sample of 300 counseling clients, a majority of the hypothesized relations were found, and arranging the occupations along these bipolar dimensions both sharpened the definitions of the factors and provided an additional interpretive aid for counseling. 相似文献
195.
Caley Tapp Megan Oaten Richard J. Stevenson Stefano Occhipinti Ravjinder Thandi 《Journal of applied social psychology》2020,50(4):205-212
The behavioral avoidance of people with obesity is well documented, but its psychological basis is poorly understood. Based upon a disease avoidance account of stigmatization, we tested whether a person with obesity triggers equivalent self-reported emotional and avoidant-based responses as a contagious disease (i.e., influenza). Two hundred and sixty-four participants rated images depicting real disease signs (i.e., person with influenza), false alarms (i.e., person with obesity), person with facial bruising (i.e., negative control), and a healthy control for induced emotion and willingness for contact along increasing levels of physical proximity. Consistent with our prediction, as the prospect for contact became more intimate, self-reported avoidance was equivalent in the influenza and obese target conditions, with both significantly exceeding reactions to the negative and healthy controls. In addition, participants reported greatest levels of disgust toward the obese and influenza target conditions. These results are consistent with an evolved predisposition to avoid individuals with disease signs. Implicit avoidance occurs even when participants know explicitly that such signs—here, obese body form—result from a noncontagious condition. Our findings provide important evidence for a disease avoidance explanation of the stigmatization of people with obesity. 相似文献
196.
Joan G. Stevenson 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》1966,9(4):457-468
Twenty-four pigeons learned a successive discrimination between 500 mmu (S+) and 574 mmu (S-). When tested in extinction, some birds received stimuli around S+, with no S- presentations. These birds showed a positive peak shift, with maximum responding not at 550 mmu, but displaced to 538 mmu and 544 mmu. Other birds were tested with stimuli around S-, with no S+ presentations. These birds showed a negative shift, with least responding not at 574 mmu, but at 586 mmu. Though the first group was tested around S+ and the second around S-, total responding between groups did not differ. When retested on the other half of the continuum, however, birds that had gone from the S+ half to the S- half responded fewer times than those that had gone from the S- half to the S+ half. In a second experiment, reducing stimulus spacing from 6 mmu to 2 mmu produced flatter gradients and decreased the amount of positive shift. In a third experiment, birds were tested across the whole continuum with stimuli presented in serial order. A sequence from 538 mmu to 586 mmu produced no responding after the first part of the session; a sequence from 586 mmu to 538 mmu produced responding throughout the session. 相似文献
197.
Clifford E. Jurgensen 《Psychometrika》1943,8(4):265-269
Directions are given for constructing a very simple nomograph for computing medians, which is entered with information from the cumulative frequency distribution. It gives a linear interpolation within the class interval containing the median. 相似文献
198.
199.
Lucy Aji Matsayi Naomi Nuhu Adamu Vivian Azumi Kefas Clifford Yubsih Menchak 《Counselling and Psychotherapy Research》2023,23(1):31-41
This study examined the effects of client-centred therapy (CCT) on the coping strategies of sexually harassed students in tertiary institutions in Taraba State, Nigeria. It also looked for any gender differences in the effect of CCT on the coping strategies of sexually harassed students. We employed a quasi-experimental and pretest–post-test design with control group. The statistical population comprised 250 students who had experienced sexual harassment in tertiary institutions, of which 20 students were selected using convenience sampling. The students who had been sexually harassed were then randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group subsequently underwent six 60-min sessions of CCT, while the control group received placebo treatment on drug abuse. The research tools included a sexual harassment battery (SHB). Inferential statistics of analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyse the data. Cronbach's alpha produced a reliability coefficient of 0.79 for the SHB. The following findings were recorded: (i) client-centred therapy effectively increased the coping strategies of students and (ii) there was no significant mean difference between male and female students in the effectiveness of CCT on coping strategies. 相似文献
200.
Clifford E. Lunneborg 《Psychometrika》1967,32(2):133-141
Between-sample shrinkage of validity from sample errors is compounded when usual multiple regression techniques are employed to estimate weights for new battery components. A rationale is described for increasing prediction weight validity through a combination of a reduced-rank regression technique and a method for determining maximal factored congruence between two sets of measures. A numerical illustration is based on data drawn from a problem in academic prediction.Version of paper presented at symposium, Large Scale Academic Prediction Systems, American Psychological Association, New York, September 1966. 相似文献