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排序方式: 共有250条查询结果,搜索用时 11 毫秒
101.
James A. Naifeh PhD Robert J. Ursano MD Ronald C. Kessler PhD Pablo A. Aliaga MS Holly B. Herberman Mash PhD Carol S. Fullerton PhD Tsz Hin Hinz Ng MPH Hieu M. Dinh BS Oscar I. Gonzalez PhD Cara M. Stokes PhD Gary H. Wynn MD Tzu-Cheg Kao PhD Nancy A. Sampson BA Murray B. Stein MD MPH 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2020,50(2):345-358
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103.
Agustin Echebarria Echabe Emilia Fernandez Guede J. Luis Gonzalez Castro 《European journal of social psychology》1994,24(3):339-355
We studied the influence of explicitating a social conflict between smokers and nonsmokers on the social representations held about tobacco. Two representations were found: a psychological' representation which was defined by psychological explanations of the causes of beginning to smoke, a characterization of smokers as psychologically disturbed, and negative feelings towards smokers; a second defensive representation which attributes smoking to social factors, and hold both a positive stereotype of smokers and positive feelings towards smokers. The percentage of smokers who adhere to the defensive representation increased significantly when the conflict was made salient. Non-smokers were not influenced by the explicitation of the social conflict. The structure of each representation was analyzed. It was found that in the psychological' representation the structuring element was the negative stereotype of smokers. By contrast, the structuring element in the defensive representation was identification with smokers. The implicatlons of this data for theories of both intergroup relations and social representations are discussed. 相似文献
104.
105.
Gonzalez E 《Journal of personality assessment》1982,46(1):26-31
A population of 3,067 Mexican-American, Pueblo Indian, Navajo Indian, Black, and Anglo elementary children were administered the Draw-A-Person for norming and comparison against the existing Koppitz scoring procedure. A significant number of items for each of the five ethnic groups changed categories with final score interpretation affected. A significant difference in percentage of items drawn by the five ethnic groups was also found, as were regional differences on certain items. 相似文献
106.
Efrain A. Gonzalez Ruby A. Natale Claudia Pimentel Robert C. Lane 《Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy》1999,29(3):185-194
Cultural and ethnic issues commonly surface as important therapeutic themes among many minority patients. Identity formation, self-concept, perception, and the effects of migration on the aetiology of psychiatric symptomatology are reviewed. Trauma resulting from migration, stress, and prolonged affect-laden situations in the precipitation and onset of physical disease and illness is discussed. A clinical presentation of a 68-year-old Nicaraguan man is presented to highlight the aforementioned issues, i.e., traumatization, the development of psychopathology, and the onset of physical illness as a result of forced migration. 相似文献
107.
R Fernández-Ballesteros M Izal P Diaz J L Gonzalez E Souto 《Perceptual and motor skills》1988,66(3):923-926
16 residents in a Residential Care Home for elderly people volunteered and were trained in a social skills program aimed at increasing conversational skills. Subjects were assigned randomly to three groups, one experimental and two control groups (placebo and waiting list). The techniques used in the experimental group were behavior rehearsal, feedback, modeling, discriminative reinforcement, verbal instructions, and homework. Relative to control groups, experimental subjects showed significant increases in conversational skills, such as receiving information, speaking-up, and giving information. They also showed a significant decrease in their scores on Zung's Self-rating Scale of Depression compared with the two control groups. They showed an increase in assertive responses and a decrease in aggressive and inhibited responses. These changes remained when follow-up was made 3 mo. later, suggesting the potential utility of this training program with elderly persons residing in old people's homes. 相似文献
108.
The goal of this research is to clarify the conditions that trigger reluctance to take cost-effective safety measures. We present three experiments. In two of the experiments, the participants were asked to operate a simulated system for 20 periods, each with 10 trials. They could “update the system” to eliminate the risk of a “security failure” that led to a loss of 100 points. The updating cost was either fixed (at 10 points) or variable (initially 10 points, and some probability of free—0 points—updates). The optimal strategy prescribed updating at the first opportunity. Another experiment focused on one-shot decision under risk. The results highlight two factors that reduce the tendency to update and impair performance: cost variability and prechoice experience. Importantly, we show that the negative impact of cost variability is the product of two tendencies. First, experiencing periods with free updates slowed learning to select the optimal policy. Second, in many cases, the participants behaved as if they plan to update when the cost of updating is low but forget to do so. The results suggest that security can be enhanced by asking users to select a default updating policy before gaining experience and by replacing “free updates” with automatic updates. Information concerning the existence of automatic updates reduced manual updating, but this effect was eliminated by experience. 相似文献
109.
Social support, positive states of mind, and HIV treatment adherence in men and women living with HIV/AIDS. 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Jeffrey S Gonzalez Frank J Penedo Michael H Antoni Ron E Durán Shvawn McPherson-Baker Gail Ironson Maria Isabel Fernandez Nancy G Klimas Mary Ann Fletcher Neil Schneiderman 《Health psychology》2004,23(4):413-418
Numerous studies have linked social support to better medication adherence among illness groups, but few have examined potential mechanisms for this relationship. Relationships were examined between social support, depression, positive states of mind (PSOM), and medication adherence among HIV positive men who have sex with men (n = 61) and women (n = 29) on highly active antiretroviral therapy. Depression and PSOM were evaluated as potential mediators of the relationship between support and adherence. Cross-sectional data showed that greater social support and PSOM related to better adherence whereas higher depression scores related to nonadherence. PSOM partially mediated the relationship between social support and adherence. PSOM may be an important mechanism through which social support is related to better medication adherence in this population. 相似文献
110.
C. Justice Tillman Katerina Gonzalez Wayne S. Crawford Ericka R. Lawrence 《International Journal of Selection & Assessment》2018,26(1):57-65
Affective responses constitute the mechanism by which abusive supervision received is associated with subordinates’ turnover intentions. Using affective events theory (AET) as a theoretical framework, we suggest that abusive supervision is a contextual event that is associated with subordinates’ affective reactions and corresponding evaluative judgment of their workplace, which ultimately leads to increased turnover intentions, a prominent withdrawal outcome. We examine two affective responses as mediators, hope (a goal-related affective state based on the expectation of positive outcomes) and affective commitment (affect-based evaluation of the organization). Two samples from a field study (n = 209) and an experiment (n = 427) were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results supported our proposed chain of relationships, suggesting that subordinates are likely to experience decreased hope and affective commitment after having experienced abuse from a supervisor, which subsequently impact their withdrawal intention to leave the organization. 相似文献