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251.
Claude Hillinger 《Synthese》1968,18(1):68-74
The principle of causality has traditionally been formulated in terms of the dynamic equations of classical physics. It has been believed that only stable (conservative) systems can be meaningfully studied in this way. The evolutionary systems studied by social scientists and biologists are non-conservative, and so are excluded from the traditional formulation of causality. The author argues that causal laws for non-conservative systems can be meaningfully formulated. An example based on Malthus' population theory is given. 相似文献
252.
Claude W. Grant 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1968,47(2):157-162
This study presents some of the results of a study of youth potential and youth opportunity in the State of Utah. The findings suggest that the immediate post high school plans of high school seniors, when stated during the spring prior to graduation, are relatively accurate indicators of actual post high school activities, but plans stated during the preceding fall are relatively unrealistic; also unrealistic are estimates of years of college attendance by first-quarter freshmen. The findings also reveal that while practical considerations weigh most heavily in the choice of a college, colleges in Utah have images which likely influence prospective students' choices. 相似文献
253.
Movement detection thresholds were measured for varying exposures of a moving spot. A tradeoff was found in which an increase in duration (T) was offset by a decrease in the velocity required for detection (V). In the range of durations studied (about 50–700 msec), V × T was constant. The V × T constancy was interpreted in terms of the direct detection of movement as motion, and a comparison was made with Bloch’s law. 相似文献
254.
Claude Bonnet Viviane Pouthas 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》1972,24(3):275-281
Four experiments were performed to study the relationship between Emmert's law and the duration of the movement after-effect (MAE). The duration of the MAE increased with increased distance of the test field; this result was shown to be produced by the correlative change in apparent size of the after image. The effect did not occur when cues for distance judgments were reduced. Reducing the duration of the MAE suppressed the variation in its duration at varying distances of the test field. Some implications for the mechanism of the MAE are discussed. 相似文献
255.
Evans JC 《Christian century (Chicago, Ill. : 1902)》1973,90(5):117-118
256.
It was hypothesized that subjects would prefer to blame a character assault on negative ability characteristics of a dissimilar attacker as opposed to negative motivational characteristics in order to escape responsibility for the attack. It was reasoned that because we generally think of ourselves as having less potential influence over the abilities as opposed to the motivations of another person, it might be possible to diminish one's responsibility for another's behavior by attributing that behavior to that person's ability characteristics. Subjects in this experiment responded either to an insulting or noninsulting stimulus person who was either similar or dissimilar by selecting from a list of both motivational and ability bipolar trait dimensions, those dimensions they would most prefer to use in rating the stimulus person. As predicted, subjects responding to an insulting and dissimilar stimulus person showed a significantly greater preference for ability trait dimensions than subjects in the other conditions combined and also disliked the stimulus person more. The significance of these results for defensive attribution processes and phenomena such as racism and sexism are discussed. 相似文献
257.
Summary A Movement After-Effect (MAE) observed on a structured test figure contains generally two successive phases. The initial one is non-contingent upon the test figure and is assumed to result from an adaptation process. The second phase is shown to be contingent upon the features of the test figure and their similarity with those of the generating figure. A conditioning process is assumed to share in its appearance. In Experiment I, it is shown that the areal spread of MAE which may appear in the contingent phase is likely to result from a generalization process in which part of the test figure corresponding to an unstimulated area becomes transiently effective in generating a MAE. In Experiment II distributed practice of the MAE is shown to lead to an increase in the duration of the effect when the generating and test figures are similar. This last result suggests that the true conditioning stimulus is the generating figure as such. 相似文献
258.
A technique is described for the measurement, in the field, of stability and steadiness. Apparatus and method are provided along with suggested scoring procedures. 相似文献
259.
260.
Claude Paquette Caroline Tosoni Maryse Lassonde Isabelle Peretz 《Brain and language》1996,52(3):474-483
In order to determine the relation between hemispheric specialization for language and intellectual deficiency, two groups of lower-IQ subjects were compared to normal-IQ controls on word-dichotic listening tasks. Two conditions in which stimuli differed by their level of phonological complexity were used. Normal controls showed the expected right-ear advantage in both conditions. Moreover, they showed a greater magnitude of ear difference on the condition requiring higher-order phonological processing. In the mentally deficient group, almost half the subjects exhibited a left-ear advantage and they showed no difference between the two conditions in terms of the magnitude of ear difference. These results point to the presence of atypical hemispheric specialization in mentally deficient subjects. 相似文献