The Practice of a Wellness Lifestyle in a Selling Environment: A Conceptual Exploration

The present study introduces the concept of a wellness lifestyle into the sales literature. In performing the role of an organizational boundary spanner, a salesperson may encounter an environment that generates a great deal of job stress. The stress-inducing situations are often broad in scope and influenced by multiple sources. Clarifying and expanding the knowledge of factors that influence salespersons’ abilities to cope with their stressful environments is important to sales organizations. We explore the notion of a salesperson practicing a wellness lifestyle and its potential to positively influence the development of coping strategies and organizational outcomes. Research propositions are presented.     

Group Therapy with Sexually Abused Boys: Leadership,Projective Identification,and Countertransference Issues

Group therapy is an essential component of the treatment of sexually abused children. Since the painful affects associated with the abuse are often dissociated or acted out, the group leaders learn of the affective experience of the abuse through the process of projective identification. The leaders must be aware of this process, set limits on the abusive acting out in the group, and help moderate, label, and empathize with the affect. It is through this difficult process that the children have a chance to reintegrate and work through their abuse experiences so they no longer feel compelled to act them out through repetitive abusive relationships. Specific leadership, countertransference, and projective identification issues in group therapy with sexually abused boys are discussed.     

Modality differences in timing and temporal memory throughout the lifespan

The perception of time is heavily influenced by attention and memory, both of which change over the lifespan. In the current study, children (8 yrs), young adults (18–25 yrs), and older adults (60–75 yrs) were tested on a duration bisection procedure using 3 and 6-s auditory and visual signals as anchor durations. During test, participants were exposed to a range of intermediate durations, and the task was to indicate whether test durations were closer to the “short” or “long” anchor. All groups reproduced the classic finding that “sounds are judged longer than lights”. This effect was greater for older adults and children than for young adults, but for different reasons. Replicating previous results, older adults made similar auditory judgments as young adults, but underestimated the duration of visual test stimuli. Children showed the opposite pattern, with similar visual judgments as young adults but overestimation of auditory stimuli. Psychometric functions were analyzed using the Sample Known Exactly-Mixed Memory quantitative model of the Scalar Timing Theory of interval timing. Results indicate that children show an auditory-specific deficit in reference memory for the anchors, rather than a general bias to overestimate time and that aged adults show an exaggerated tendency to judge visual stimuli as “short” due to a reduction in the availability of controlled attention.     

Charting new territory: Body esteem, weight satisfaction, depression, and self-esteem among chinese males and females in Hong Kong

This study examined the relationship of body esteem, weight satisfaction, self esteem, and depression among 309 (186 females and 123 males) Chinese university students in Hong Kong. Females were found to have significantly lower body esteem [Body Esteem Scale: S. L. Franzoi and S. A. Shields (1984) “The Body Esteem Scale: Multidimensional Structure and Sex Differences in a College Population,” Journal of Personality Assessment, Vol. 48, pp. 173–178] and higher depression [Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale: L. S. Radloff (1977) “The CES-D scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population,” Applied Psychological Measures, Vol. 2, pp. 385–401] when compared to males, whereas males were found to have significantly more weight dissatisfaction. No significant difference was found in the area of self-esteem [Index of Self-Esteem: W. W. Hudson (1982) Clinical Measurement Package: A Field Manual, Chicago: Dorsey]. Females desired a significantly lower ideal body mass index, whereas, males desired a significantly higher ideal body mass index. The relationship between body esteem, weight satisfaction, and self-esteem was similar for males and females; however, the relationship between body satisfaction and depression was significant only for females. Findings are compared to similar research on European American samples and implications from a cross-cultural perspective are discussed.     

Pastors,parishioners, and pets

Case examples of how three parishioners in one congregation dealt with pet loss are examined. Each person discusses reasons for owning a pet, relates personal reactions to the loss, explains who was and who would have been supportive during the grief process, and illustrates why such support was needed. Suggestions for how a local minister might provide outreach to parishioners dealing with grief over a pet's death are presented.     

The social process of aging: Its implications for pastoral ministry

Aging, in the context of modern American culture, is as much a social process as it is a biological fact. It is because we perceive the characteristics of old age to be threatening to our common values that we relegate the elderly to out-group status and attempt to manage them, much as we do the members of other deviant populations. The result is the creation of a self-abasing elderly role, to which the aging are in many ways forced to conform. If our ministry is to affirm the humanity of older men and women, it is necessary that we cease to look upon them as complexes of typical traits. Only then can we begin to make the healing love of Christ present for them.     

Work orientation vs hygienic orientation: A bi-polar approach to the study of work motivation

Based on the work of Herzberg and associates 1959 a bi-polar measure of work orientation vs hygienic orientation was constructed. In addition to providing reliability estimates, the convergent and discriminant validity is shown through correlation of the measure with other measures of work motivation, personality measures, values, and abilities. Finally, criterion-related validity is shown by correlating the new measure with supervisor's ratings of how long it will take newly hired college graduates to reach the third level of management.