The Sufficient and Necessary Condition for the Identifiability and Estimability of the DINA Model

Psychometrika - Cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs) are useful statistical tools in cognitive diagnosis assessment. However, as many other latent variable models, the CDMs often suffer from the...     

选择性注意和分配性注意对多感觉整合的不同影响*

以简单图形为视觉刺激,以短纯音作为听觉刺激,通过指导被试注意不同通道（注意视觉、注意听觉、注意视听）以形成不同注意状态（选择性注意和分配性注意）,考察了注意对多感觉整合的影响,发现只有在分配性注意时被试对双通道目标的反应最快最准确。通过竞争模型分析发现,这种对双通道目标的加工优势源自于视听双通道刺激的整合。上述结果表明,只有在分配性注意状态下才会产生多感觉整合。     

A cognitive perspective on Singaporean primary school pupils' use of reading strategies in learning to read in English

Background . This study is conducted in Singapore, where learning to read in English is regarded as essential because it is offered as a First Language (L1) subject in the curriculum and is stipulated as the medium of instruction in the education system, and the mother tongues are offered as Second Language (L2) subjects, although the majority still learn English as an L2. Aims . The paper reports on the reading strategies used by Singaporean primary school pupils from a cognitive perspective, which is part of a larger study that aims to investigate these pupils' language learning strategies. Sample . The participants were 18 pupils from three neighbourhood primary schools, in grades Primary 4, 5 and 6. Method . The data were collected from high‐ and low‐proficiency pupils at each of the three grades in each school, who read two texts at each level. Grounded in an information‐processing theory and based on successful experiences of scholars using think‐aloud for data collection, we asked the pupils to read and report what they were thinking about while reading. The think‐aloud protocols were recorded, transcribed verbatim, coded and analysed. Results . The results suggest that participants' flexible and appropriate use of reading strategies varies according to language proficiency and grade level, with the high‐proficiency group outperforming its lower‐proficiency counterpart and the high‐graders outnumbering the lower‐graders in terms of the number of strategies that they used. These differences were also exemplified with qualitative findings from case studies. Conclusions . The use of reading strategies differs according to proficiency levels, and the quality of pupils' strategy‐use patterns has more significant implications for understanding efficient reading among primary school pupils.     

A Genome‐Wide Scan for Eysenckian Personality Dimensions in Adolescent Twin Sibships: Psychoticism,Extraversion, Neuroticism,and Lie

ABSTRACT We report the first genome‐wide scan of adolescent personality. We conducted a genome‐wide scan to detect linkage for measures of adolescent Psychoticism, Extraversion, Neuroticism, and Lie from the Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Data are based on 1,280 genotyped Australian adolescent twins and their siblings. The highest linkage peaks were found on chromosomes 16 and 19 for Neuroticism, on chromosomes 1, 7, 10, 13 m, and 18 for Psychoticism, and on chromosomes 2 and 3 for Extraversion.     

Semantically induced memories of love and helping behavior

This study tested the effect of semantically induced thoughts of love on helping behavior. In a natural setting, 253 participants were interviewed and asked to retrieve the memory of a love episode or, in the control condition, a piece of music they loved. They then met another confederate who asked for money. Analysis showed that inducing the idea of love had a significant positive effect on compliance to a request by a male passerby who was asked for help by a female confederate, but not by a female passerby. Theoretical explanations are presented, based on a gender-role expectation hypothesis.     

多维自我概念量表的测量等价性检验

运用MSCS测量923名中国中学生自我概念,探查MSCS的跨组测量等价性。结果显示,MSCS具有跨性别、学校、城乡的严等价性。研究表明,MSCS是一个适应广泛的量表,可以基于观察数据进行跨性别、学校、城乡的平均数比较和方差齐性检验。     

"情绪智力量表(EIS)"的多元概化理论分析

本文运用多元概化理论对情绪智力量表(EIS)的测量信度进行探讨,得到以下研究结论:(1)EIS的整体测量信度较高,它既可用于常模参照测验,也可用于标准参照测验;在它的四个维度中,感知情绪、自我调控情绪和调控他人情绪维度有较好的测量信度,而运用情绪维度的测量信度稍差,需要改善;(2)EIS在决定各因子的分量比例方面不尽完善;(3)要想提高运用情绪因子的测量信度,除了增加运用情绪分量表的题目数外,还得改进题目的质量.     

虚拟代理技术在电子商务中的应用及有关的人机工程学问题

电子商务是一种以信息网络为载体的新的经济运作模式。本文介绍了电子商务网站智能型虚拟代理的概念与用途,概述了电子商务网站在设置与使用虚拟代理时需要考虑的人机工程学问题,其中包括可信任度、中介性能、可靠、灵活性、增值服务和娱乐性等。最后,对这一新兴领域的研究趋势作了展望。     

关于儿童分享的研究述评

综述了20世纪70年代以后西方研究者和我国学者对儿童分享观念和分享行为的研究,包括(1)儿童分享观念发展;(2)分享行为发展,分享行为与分享观念的关系;(3)分享行为的影响因素,如认知因素中的角色采择能力、对社会规范的认知及自我概念等因素;情绪因素和榜样影响等。作者认为,中国心理学者在当前应该更多地开展对亲社会行为的研究。对分享观念和行为的研究应该在更深层次展开;对分享行为研究方法设计上,应该开展一些定性研究。     

An Application of MCDM in Water Resources Problems

In this paper a practical application of MCDM in water resources problems is presented. Based on a real project for Qinhuangdao water resources management sponsored by Qinhuangdao Municipality, we construct a set of models for inflow forecast, reservoir operations, water supply and allocation, and flood routing for system optimal operation and flood management. A stochastic dynamic programming (DP) model with a fuzzy criterion is proposed for monthly reservoir operations. A series of goal programming (GP) models is built for water supply and allocation on different planning and operating levels. The DP–GP models fulfil the optimal operation tasks of a water resources management decision support system (WRMDSS) for Qinhuangdao water resources management.