From Boulder to Stockholm in 70 Years: Single Case Experimental Designs in Clinical Research

The Psychological Record - With the objective of increasing the magnitude of treatment effects in behavioral health, there is steadily growing interest in tailoring assessments and interventions to...     

Attributing Problem-Solving to God,Receiving Social Support,and Stress-Moderation

This research note explores the stress-moderating effects of attributing a problem-solving role to God among a nationwide sample of 2,260 Americans. Specifically, the ways in which the perception of “God-as-a-problem-solver” moderates stress is explored for Americans reporting low and high levels of social support from other people. Within a model that interacts two moderators (i.e., a moderated moderation analysis), two predictions are tested that extend from social support and sense of control frameworks. Consistent with one prediction, viewing God-as-a-problem-solver had a stress-buffering effect (i.e., a reduction of the negative impact of life stressors on a depressive symptomology outcome measure) among those receiving low social support. Consistent with a second prediction, viewing God-as-a-problem-solver served as a stress-exacerbator among those already receiving high levels of social support. Findings suggest that the optimal count of supportive sets of entities (be it God or other people) is no fewer or no more than one.     

The Effect of Abolishing Operations on Mand Acquisition During Functional Communication Training

Journal of Behavioral Education - Previously applied research has shown independent manding is not likely to emerge when functional communication training (FCT) is implemented in conjunction with...     

The ��Problem of Number�� Revisited: The Relative Contributions of Psychosocial, Experiential, and Evolutionary Factors to the Desired Number of Sexual Partners

Three studies (N?=?329) using U.S. community samples examined the relative contributions of self-reported ??sex,?? gender identity, and actual number of sexual partners to the question how many sexual partners individuals desire over the lifetime. In Study 1, the more ??feminine?? a participant identified, not self-reported sex, was significantly related to the desired number of sexual partners. Study 2a showed that a person??s actual number of sexual partners also correlated with the desired number. In Study 3, Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) (Bem Psychological Review, 88: 354?C364 1981) femininity scores and actual number of sexual partners significantly predicted desired number of sexual partners separately for men and women. These results suggest that non-evolutionary variables drive the ??problem of number?? in mate preference.     

Group therapy with dual-diagnosed adolescents

This paper presents an eclectic orientation to group therapy, which guides the authors' clinical work with adolescents diagnosed as both mentally ill and mentally handicapped. Highlighted are the treatment needs and the difficulties working with this population, theories of group process and their implication for treatment, and specific clinical techniques that foster individual and group growth. Specificallly, this paper outlines the clinical rationale and group interventions used in a process-oriented group for dual-diagnosed adolescents residing in a residential setting. This group is designed to develop the clients' interpersonal understanding and skills, which will hopefully enhance their overall adaptation and functioning in the residential milieu. It is believed that the integration of a variety of theoretical approaches is critical for group therapy with this population.He was Senior Cottage Therapist or Unit Director at the William Roper Hull Child and Family Services, Calgary, Alberta, while doing group work with dualdiagnosed adolescents.He was a Cottage Therapist at Hull Child and Family Services, while doing the group work cited in this pape     

Yawning: no effect of 3-5% CO2, 100% O2, and exercise

Using human college-age subjects, the present study tested the commonly cited but previously untested hypothesis that yawning is facilitated by higher than normal levels of CO2 or lower than normal levels of O2 in the blood by comparing the effect on yawning of breathing 100% O2 and gas mixtures with higher than normal levels of CO2 (3 or 5%) with compressed air, the control condition. If yawning is a response to heightened blood CO2, the CO2 mixtures should increase yawning rate and/or duration. If low blood O2 produced yawning, breathing 100% O2 should inhibit yawning. The CO2/O2 hypothesis was rejected because breathing neither pure O2 nor gases high in CO2 had a significant effect on yawning although both increased breathing rate. A second study found that exercise sufficient to double breathing rate had no effect on yawning. The two studies suggest that yawning does not serve a primary respiratory function and that yawning and breathing are triggered by different internal states and are controlled by separate mechanisms.     

Augmenting Computer-Interactive Self-Assessment with and Without Feedback

The Psychological Record - Following a preexperimental assessment of computer-interactive math performance during VR 6 reinforcement and extinction, 4 regular education students and 2 students...     

Doubly Bound: The Impact of Gender and Race on the Politics of Black Women

Gender has been thought to be less salient than race among black women. Data from two national surveys of black Americans, conducted in 1984 and 1996, show that black women identify as strongly on the basis of their gender as their race, and that these gender and racial identities are mutually reinforcing. Nevertheless, among black women, their identification with their race more powerfully affected their political attitudes than did their identification on the basis of gender, except in instances where the interests of blacks directly conflict with the interests of women. These empirically based findings speak to the issue of why the attitudes of black women toward contemporary gender issues can sharply diverge from those of white women.     

Characteristics of the rival and the experience of jealousy.

To estimate the relationship between characteristics of the third party and jealousy, 185 subjects read different jealousy-evoking scenarios and then indicated how jealous they would feel. Analysis indicated that two of the manipulated characteristics, prestige and attractiveness, significantly affected the experience of jealousy.