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991.
O. Anne E. Rasa 《Aggressive behavior》1982,8(3):253-260
The model presented attempts to describe the agonistic situation from the point of view of the individual, taking psychological, ecological, and ethological factors that can influence behavioral expression into account. The animal is considered as consisting of an “ego” and “soma,” these being conceptualized as concentric circles surrounding the gene carrier itself. The hierarchy of responses present to protect the gene carrier together with their motivatory causal factors and their energy expenditures are described and agonism considered as a means by which optimal inclusive fitness can be attained. 相似文献
992.
993.
994.
Anne Sheppard 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》1994,13(2):124-137
Three studies were designed to explore children’s understanding of television programmes. Seventy-two children from 6 to 9 years of age and attending a primary school, viewed one adult and one children’s television programme. They took part in procedures that examined their 1) memory for crucial plot events immediately after viewing, 2) understanding of the motives of the protagonists, and 3) character evaluation of the protagonists. The results yielded age differences in these abilities and suggested variable recall, poor comprehension, in terms of being able to relate motives to consequences, and confused character evaluation when the heroes and villains were not clearly discriminated. The results are interpreted in relation to the television literature, reading comprehension and children’s desire to make sense of what they see. 相似文献
995.
996.
Using the National Survey of Families and Households (N = 13,017; 11.09% Black, 79.99% White), we compare the household labor time of Black and White women and men, and assess the
extent to which the time constraint, relative resource, and ideology explanations account for racial and gender differences
in housework time. We find that although time constraint, relative resource, and ideology explanations account for some of
the variation in housework time, they do not account for all of the gender and racial differences. We also find that paid
work and housework trade off differently for Black men than for White men and also for women and men. Finally, a variety of
relative resource, time constraint, and ideology factors are associated differently with women’s and men’s housework time.
We argue that our findings lend support to the production of gender approach to understanding the division of household labor
and that this approach can be used to help us understand racial differences in housework time as well.
We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. 相似文献
997.
Anne McFadyen 《Journal of Family Therapy》1997,19(3):241-262
This paper explores aspects of the theory and practice of psychotherapy with the aim of identifying similarities in the approaches of both family therapists and psychoanalytic psychotherapists. The author calls for a dialogue between the disciplines, and makes specific reference to the potential value of this in relation to training and research. 相似文献
998.
999.
Maria Eugenia Fernandez-esquer Martin A. Krepcho Anne c. Freeman Elvin Magee Alfred L. Mcalister Michael w. Ross 《Journal of applied social psychology》1997,27(1):58-74
This study compared the influence of HIV risk behaviors and condom use attitudes on condom use among heterosexual African American males. Three models were tested: (a) HIV risk, (b) condom use attitudes, and (c) a model combining the previous two. Brief street intercept interviews were administered to African American males in 2 matched pairs of census tracts. Results are based on 589 males reporting vaginal sex in the last 30 days. The General Linear Test (GLT) was used to test the ability of regression models to reduce error variance. The condom use, attitude model was sufficient to predict frequency of condom use regardless of partner type. The strongest predictors of condom use were condom use enjoyment, social norms, self-efficacy, and social influence. 相似文献
1000.
Medical schools place considerable emphasis on admissions interviews in the selection of students. Interviews, with unwritten performance criteria and subjective evaluation, contain the potential for unconscious discrimination against certain groups of applicants. This study investigates the contribution of interview scores to the total evaluation of male and female applicants for admission to one medical school in the United States. Findings reveal that interveiw scores are counted more heavily for females than males in arriving at a final ranking for admission. Further, females were rated lower in general than males on interview evaluations. While the magnitude of the associations is small, the combined effect points to a potential for discrimination, however unintended, against women applicants in the present case study.The authors appreciate the valuable criticisms of and comments on an earlier draft from Drs. Sidney Fleming, Dorothy Brinsfiled, Glenn Clark, Maurice Jurkiewicz, and Michael Kutner, some of whom may still take exception to parts of this article. 相似文献