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951.
Bronkhorst Johannes Key Chapple Christopher Patton Laurie L. Samuel Geoffrey Ray Sarbacker Stuart Wallace Vesna 《International Journal of Hindu Studies》2011,15(3):303-357
International Journal of Hindu Studies - 相似文献
952.
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2 RF) was administered to 251 National Guard soldiers who had recently returned from deployment to Iraq. Soldiers were also administered questionnaires to identify posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). On the basis of responses to the screening instruments, the National Guard soldiers who produced a valid MMPI-2 RF were classified into four groups: 21 soldiers who screened positive for PTSD only, 33 soldiers who screened positive for mTBI only, 9 soldiers who screened positive for both conditions, and 166 soldiers who did not screen positive for either condition. Results showed that the MMPI-2 RF was able to differentiate across the groups with the MMPI-2 RF specific problem scale Anxiety adding incrementally to MMPI-2 Restructured Clinical scales in predicting PTSD. Both MMPI-2 RC1 (Somatic Complaints) and MMPI-2 RF head pain complaints predicted mTBI screen but did not add incrementally to each other. Of note, all of the MMPI-2 RF validity scales associated with overreporting, including Symptom Validity-Revised (FBS-r), were not significantly elevated in the mTBI group. These findings support the use of the MMPI-2 RF in assessing PTSD in non-treatment-seeking veterans. This further suggests that a positive screen for mTBI alone is not associated with significant emotional disturbance. 相似文献
953.
Graves KD Christopher J Harrison TM Peshkin BN Isaacs C Sheppard VB 《Journal of genetic counseling》2011,20(6):674-689
We examined healthcare providers’ perceptions of genetic counseling and testing in African American women at moderate to high-risk
of carrying a BRCA1/2 mutation. We conducted 20 in-depth interviews with genetic counselors (n = 5), medical oncologists (n = 8), obstetrician/gynecologists (n = 2) and surgeons (n = 5). Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed and independently coded by two individuals using a content analysis approach.
Seven themes emerged relevant to providers’ perceptions of African American women’s use of BRCA1/2 genetic services: access factors, cultural beliefs and preferences, effects of testing, patient motivators for genetic counseling
and testing, patient-provider communication, reasons for provider referral, and reasons for patient refusal. Providers identified
individual- and system-level barriers to African American women’s use of genetic services, including lack of follow-up after
referrals to genetic specialists and challenges to obtaining financial coverage for under- and uninsured high-risk women.
Results have implications for physician and patient education regarding appropriate referrals to and uptake of genetic services
in at-risk African American women. 相似文献
954.
955.
Christopher A. D. Charles 《Sexuality & culture》2011,15(4):375-390
This article focuses on the sexual attraction motive for skin bleaching in Jamaica. Some captive Africans on plantations in
Jamaica altered their complexion. These Africans modeled the British in the colony who bleached their skin to protect the
“superior,” “sexy,” and ideal white skin from the “impurities” of interracial sex and the tropical climate. The beauty and
sexual attraction accorded to light skin was also evident in skin bleaching newspaper ads in the 1950s. The ads told women
that acquiring light complexion through skin bleaching would make them sexually attractive to men. The persistence of colorism
and its most blatant expression—skin bleaching—is also evident in contemporary Jamaica as expressed in some dancehall songs
which praise skin bleachers, and the explanatory narratives of skin bleachers that bleaching makes them pretty and sexually
attractive to potential spouses. Similar themes are reflected in the criticism that the browning Dancehall Queen Carlene was
deemed sexually attractive and choreographically talented only because of her brown physicality. Some spouses request that
their partner acquire the bleached physicality because they find it sexually attractive similar to many male clients in “massage
parlors” who only request female sex workers who bleach their skin. 相似文献
956.
Cades DM Boehm-Davis DA Trafton JG Monk CA 《Journal of experimental psychology. Applied》2011,17(2):97-109
It is generally accepted that, with practice, people improve on most tasks. However, when tasks have multiple parts, it is not always clear what aspects of the tasks practice or training should focus on. This research explores the features that allow training to improve the ability to resume a task after an interruption, specifically focusing on task-specific versus general interruption/resumption-process mechanisms that could account for improved performance. Three experiments using multiple combinations of primary tasks and interruptions were conducted with undergraduate psychology students. The first experiment showed that for one primary and interruption task-pair, people were able to resume the primary task faster when they had previous practice with the interruption. The second experiment replicated this finding for two other sets of primary and interruption task-pairs. Finally, the third experiment showed that people were able to resume a primary task faster only when they had previous practice with that specific primary and interruption task-pair. Experience with other primary and interruption task-pairs, or practice on the primary task alone, did not facilitate resumption. This suggests that a critical component in resuming after an interruption is the relationship between two tasks. These findings are in line with a task-specific mechanism of resumption and incompatible with a general-process mechanism. These findings have practical implications for developing training programs and mitigation strategies to lessen the disruptive effects of interruptions which plague both our personal and professional environments. 相似文献
957.
Cognitive neuroscience investigations of self-experience have mainly focused on the mental attribution of features to the self (self-related processing). In this paper, we highlight another fundamental, yet neglected, aspect of self-experience, that of being an agent. We propose that this aspect of self-experience depends on self-specifying processes, ones that implicitly specify the self by implementing a functional self/non-self distinction in perception, action, cognition and emotion. We describe two paradigmatic cases - sensorimotor integration and homeostatic regulation - and use the principles from these cases to show how cognitive control, including emotion regulation, is also self-specifying. We argue that externally directed, attention-demanding tasks, rather than suppressing self-experience, give rise to the self-experience of being a cognitive-affective agent. We conclude with directions for experimental work based on our framework. 相似文献
958.
959.
Barth and Paladino (2011) argue that changes in numerical representations are better modeled by a power function whose exponent gradually rises to 1 than as a shift from a logarithmic to a linear representation of numerical magnitude. However, the fit of the power function to number line estimation data may simply stem from fitting noise generated by averaging over changing proportions of logarithmic and linear estimation patterns. To evaluate this possibility, we used conventional model fitting techniques with individual as well as group average data; simulations that varied the proportion of data generated by different functions; comparisons of alternative models' prediction of new data; and microgenetic analyses of rates of change in experiments on children's learning. Both new data and individual participants' data were predicted less accurately by power functions than by logarithmic and linear functions. In microgenetic studies, changes in the best fitting power function's exponent occurred abruptly, a finding inconsistent with Barth and Paladino's interpretation that development of numerical representations reflects a gradual shift in the shape of the power function. Overall, the data support the view that change in this area entails transitions from logarithmic to linear representations of numerical magnitude. 相似文献
960.
Rock Braithwaite Christopher M. Spray Victoria E. Warburton 《Psychology of sport and exercise》2011,12(6):628-638