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871.
Christopher D. Green 《Qualitative research in psychology》2018,15(2-3):179-187
Over the course of psychology’s first several decades, the language used to convey the subject matter gradually shifted from being free and literary to being strictly constrained and disciplined by increasingly focused theoretical demands. The project described here, “Disciplining Psychology,” aimed to depict this transformation by generating images of the faces of three highly influential psychologists—William James, Sigmund Freud, and B. F. Skinner. Each image is composed of the words used in one of each individual’s most important books. The tightening of the disciplinary vocabulary is revealed in the differences among the three arrays of words themselves, but I have also striven to reflect it in the aesthetic aspects of each image. The method used here could easily be extended to a wider array of authors, texts, and psychological topics. 相似文献
872.
Angie S. LeRoy Qian Lu Michael J. Zvolensky Jeffrey Ramirez Christopher P. Fagundes 《Cognitive behaviour therapy》2018,47(2):126-138
Perceived burdensomeness (PB), the perception of being a burden to others, is associated with pain and physical symptoms. Anxiety sensitivity (AS), the fear of arousal-related sensations, arising from beliefs that the sensations may have adverse personal consequences (physical, cognitive, and social), may increase risk for pain responding, particularly in anxiety-provoking (e.g. socially threatening) contexts. Accordingly, individuals high in AS may have a stronger pain response when experiencing PB than those low in AS. Undergraduate participants (n = 262) completed the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI-3), and then were randomly assigned to re-live an experience when they were either burdensome to others (burdensome condition) or contributed equally to a group (control condition). Both social and physical self-reported pain were assessed post-manipulation. Those high in AS reported significantly higher pain ratings in the burdensome condition than the control condition; for those low in AS, pain did not change across conditions. In particular, being fearful of the physical repercussions of anxiety (AS physical concerns) while also feeling burdensome to others was associated with greater physical pain. AS may exacerbate the already painful effects of feeling burdensome to others, and may have important implications for the development of future suicide- and pain-related interventions. 相似文献
873.
Heather D. Hadjistavropoulos Luke H. Schneider Kristen Klassen Blake F. Dear Nickolai Titov 《Cognitive behaviour therapy》2018,47(6):447-461
Internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) is often accompanied by therapist emails, but there is limited research on the quality of this therapist-assistance. In this study, an ICBT Therapist Rating Scale (ICBT-TRS) was developed and evaluated to assess whether therapist emails showed fidelity to specific therapist behaviours. Using data from a previous ICBT trial for depression and anxiety, the ICBT-TRS was used to rate 706 emails sent by 39 therapists to 91 randomly selected patients. Emails were rated for adherence (absent/present) and quality (inadequate/competent) on the following behaviours: Builds Rapport, Seeks Feedback, Provides Symptom Feedback, Provides Psychoeducation, Facilitates Understanding, Praises Effort, Encourages Practice, Clarifies Administrative Procedures, and Communicates Effectively. Inter-rater reliability was high. Most behaviours were identified as present in 72–100% of emails, with the exception of Provides Symptom Feedback and Facilitating Understanding which were only present in 54 and 61% of emails. The majority of emails were rated as high quality (88–98% of messages). While not related to symptom improvement, ICBT-TRS ratings were higher when patients were more engaged in ICBT (e.g. log-ins) and among therapists who specialized in ICBT or had a background in Psychology. The ICBT-TRS has potential to facilitate ICBT research and clinical training. 相似文献
874.
David Light Shields Christopher D. Funk Brenda Light Bredemeier 《The journal of positive psychology》2018,13(5):440-448
Grit and self-control are highly desired qualities of character in the sport arena. This two-study investigation used a new theoretical approach, contesting theory, to examine whether contesting orientations could predict these characteristics among intercollegiate athletes. Contesting theory identifies two distinct modes of cognitively processing the meaning and purpose of contesting, one rooted in a contest-is-partnership metaphor and the other a contest-is-war metaphor. Study 1 (N = 799) found that contesting orientations added incremental utility beyond demographic and control variables to the prediction of the two dimensions of grit (perseverance and consistency). Specifically, the partnership orientation positively predicted higher grit scores. Study 2 (N = 1179) replicated the findings of Study 1 with only minor variations and also demonstrated that contesting orientations add to the prediction of self-control. Results are discussed in terms of the practical implications for sport practitioners and, more broadly, the value of contesting theory to positive psychology. 相似文献
875.
876.
Bronkhorst Johannes Key Chapple Christopher Patton Laurie L. Samuel Geoffrey Ray Sarbacker Stuart Wallace Vesna 《International Journal of Hindu Studies》2011,15(3):303-357
International Journal of Hindu Studies - 相似文献
877.
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2 RF) was administered to 251 National Guard soldiers who had recently returned from deployment to Iraq. Soldiers were also administered questionnaires to identify posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). On the basis of responses to the screening instruments, the National Guard soldiers who produced a valid MMPI-2 RF were classified into four groups: 21 soldiers who screened positive for PTSD only, 33 soldiers who screened positive for mTBI only, 9 soldiers who screened positive for both conditions, and 166 soldiers who did not screen positive for either condition. Results showed that the MMPI-2 RF was able to differentiate across the groups with the MMPI-2 RF specific problem scale Anxiety adding incrementally to MMPI-2 Restructured Clinical scales in predicting PTSD. Both MMPI-2 RC1 (Somatic Complaints) and MMPI-2 RF head pain complaints predicted mTBI screen but did not add incrementally to each other. Of note, all of the MMPI-2 RF validity scales associated with overreporting, including Symptom Validity-Revised (FBS-r), were not significantly elevated in the mTBI group. These findings support the use of the MMPI-2 RF in assessing PTSD in non-treatment-seeking veterans. This further suggests that a positive screen for mTBI alone is not associated with significant emotional disturbance. 相似文献
878.
Graves KD Christopher J Harrison TM Peshkin BN Isaacs C Sheppard VB 《Journal of genetic counseling》2011,20(6):674-689
We examined healthcare providers’ perceptions of genetic counseling and testing in African American women at moderate to high-risk
of carrying a BRCA1/2 mutation. We conducted 20 in-depth interviews with genetic counselors (n = 5), medical oncologists (n = 8), obstetrician/gynecologists (n = 2) and surgeons (n = 5). Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed and independently coded by two individuals using a content analysis approach.
Seven themes emerged relevant to providers’ perceptions of African American women’s use of BRCA1/2 genetic services: access factors, cultural beliefs and preferences, effects of testing, patient motivators for genetic counseling
and testing, patient-provider communication, reasons for provider referral, and reasons for patient refusal. Providers identified
individual- and system-level barriers to African American women’s use of genetic services, including lack of follow-up after
referrals to genetic specialists and challenges to obtaining financial coverage for under- and uninsured high-risk women.
Results have implications for physician and patient education regarding appropriate referrals to and uptake of genetic services
in at-risk African American women. 相似文献
879.
880.
Christopher A. D. Charles 《Sexuality & culture》2011,15(4):375-390
This article focuses on the sexual attraction motive for skin bleaching in Jamaica. Some captive Africans on plantations in
Jamaica altered their complexion. These Africans modeled the British in the colony who bleached their skin to protect the
“superior,” “sexy,” and ideal white skin from the “impurities” of interracial sex and the tropical climate. The beauty and
sexual attraction accorded to light skin was also evident in skin bleaching newspaper ads in the 1950s. The ads told women
that acquiring light complexion through skin bleaching would make them sexually attractive to men. The persistence of colorism
and its most blatant expression—skin bleaching—is also evident in contemporary Jamaica as expressed in some dancehall songs
which praise skin bleachers, and the explanatory narratives of skin bleachers that bleaching makes them pretty and sexually
attractive to potential spouses. Similar themes are reflected in the criticism that the browning Dancehall Queen Carlene was
deemed sexually attractive and choreographically talented only because of her brown physicality. Some spouses request that
their partner acquire the bleached physicality because they find it sexually attractive similar to many male clients in “massage
parlors” who only request female sex workers who bleach their skin. 相似文献