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971.
A tendency of previous studies of lifelong learning to focus on learning and learning subjectivities may have led to an underestimation
of potential effects in terms of a system of knowledge constitutive processes that operates powerfully to shape our societies.
In this paper we explore lifelong learning and practices in the construction of knowledge at the point where a new relationship
is being attempted between university courses and workplaces through programmes for learning. Drawing from Foucault and others
we argue a strategic relation between discourses of lifelong learning and knowledge practices in such locations. Discourses
of lifelong learning appear to support the reaching out of disciplinary practices into the workplace where theoretical knowledge
is combined with knowledge derived from work experience, as a new form of knowledge that has use value. Discipline as a modality
of power appears reconfigured and multiplied in new power-knowledge constellations which aim to subdue the desire and power
of know how. Rather than lifelong learning as learning apparatus and strategy in the promotion of a will to learn as has been
suggested elsewhere, we offer an alternative account. Here the promotion of a will to learn articulates with the will to knowledge
in part through discourses of lifelong learning. Practices of knowledge constitution support the pacification of know how
through its reconfiguration as knowledge that can be codified and mobilized for economic innovation. 相似文献
972.
E. Mark Cummings Christine E. Merrilees Alice C. Schermerhorn Marcie C. Goeke-Morey Peter Shirlow Ed Cairns 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2011,39(2):213-224
Links between political violence and children’s adjustment problems are well-documented. However, the mechanisms by which
political tension and sectarian violence relate to children’s well-being and development are little understood. This study
longitudinally examined children’s emotional security about community violence as a possible regulatory process in relations
between community discord and children’s adjustment problems. Families were selected from 18 working class neighborhoods in
Belfast, Northern Ireland. Participants (695 mothers and children, M = 12.17, SD = 1.82) were interviewed in their homes over three consecutive years. Findings supported the notion that politically-motivated
community violence has distinctive effects on children’s externalizing and internalizing problems through the mechanism of
increasing children’s emotional insecurity about community. Implications are considered for understanding relations between
political violence and child adjustment from a social ecological perspective. 相似文献
973.
Meanne Chan Katherine H. RogersKate L. Parisotto Jeremy C. Biesanz 《Journal of research in personality》2011,45(1):117-120
Gender is associated with interpersonal sensitivity across different domains, with females, on average, demonstrating higher levels of interpersonal sensitivity than males. What underlies these gender differences in the accuracy of first impressions of personality remains unclear. Across two large video studies and a large round-robin design, perceivers’ gender was related to the accuracy of general personality trait impressions. Specifically, female perceivers achieved higher levels of accuracy, but only with respect to normative accuracy or perceiving what others are like in general. There were no significant gender differences in terms of distinctive accuracy or perceiving how others are different from the average person. Discussion considers how these findings relate to previously established gender differences in other domains of interpersonal sensitivity. 相似文献
974.
Thomas W. Britt Christine L. Pusilo Eric S. McKibben Christie Kelley Ashlee N. Baker Kirsten A. Nielson 《Journal of research in personality》2011,45(6):586-596
Examined personality variables as predictors and moderators of strength-related attitude dimensions (SRAD) using multilevel modeling. Results revealed significant person-level variation in attitude importance, extremity, and ambivalence across attitude objects. Study 1 found the personality variable of need to evaluate (NE) predicted extremity across attitude objects, and finding meaning in life (ML) was predictive of importance across objects. Study 2 revealed that neuroticism and state anxiety were significant predictors of ambivalence across attitude objects. Finally, the NE, the Need for Cognition, and Openness to Experience each moderated the within-person relationship between extremity and ambivalence across objects, with higher values on the individual difference variables being related to stronger within-person relationships. Implications for research on attitude strength and the relationships between personality variables and attitudes are discussed. 相似文献
975.
Guérard K Tremblay S 《Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance》2011,37(3):834-843
In serial memory for spatial information, performance is impaired when distractors are interpolated between to-be-remembered (TBR) stimuli (Tremblay, Nicholls, Parmentier, & Jones, 2005). The so-called sandwich effect, combined with the use of eye tracking, served as a tool for examining the role of the oculomotor system in serial memory for spatial information. Participants had to recall the order in which sequences of TBR locations were presented. In some trials, to-be-ignored blue dots were presented after each TBR location. Our results show that response locations shift toward the location of the distractors, and this deviation is related to the eye movement deviation toward the distractor location. These results suggest that TBR and to-be-ignored locations are encoded onto a common map that could lie within the oculomotor system. Interference in memory for spatial information is interpreted in light of a model of oculomotor behavior (Godijn & Theeuwes, 2002b). 相似文献
976.
Rule NO Ishii K Ambady N Rosen KS Hallett KC 《Personality & social psychology bulletin》2011,37(11):1499-1507
Across cultures, people converge in some behaviors and diverge in others. As little is known about the accuracy of judgments across cultures outside of the domain of emotion recognition, the present study investigated the influence of culture in another area: the social categorization of men's sexual orientations. Participants from nations varying in their acceptance of homosexuality (United States, Japan, and Spain) categorized the faces of men from all three cultures significantly better than chance guessing. Moreover, categorizations of individual faces were significantly correlated among the three groups of perceivers. Americans were significantly faster and more accurate than the Japanese and Spanish perceivers. Categorization strategies (i.e., response bias) also varied such that perceivers from cultures less accepting of homosexuality were more likely to categorize targets as straight. Male sexual orientation therefore appears to be legible across cultures. 相似文献
977.
Individuals report remembering emotional items vividly. It is debated whether this report reflects enhanced memory accuracy or a bias to believe emotional memories are vivid. We hypothesized emotion would enhance memory accuracy, improving memory for contextual details. The hallmark of episodic memory is that items are remembered in a spatial and temporal context, so we examined whether an item's valence (positive, negative) or arousal (high, low) would influence its ability to be remembered with those contextual details. Across two experiments, high-arousal items were remembered with spatial and temporal context more often than low-arousal items. Item valence did not influence memory for those details, although positive high-arousal items were recognized or recalled more often than negative items. These data suggest that emotion does not just bias participants to believe they have a vivid memory; rather, the arousal elicited by an event can benefit memory for some types of contextual details. 相似文献
978.
Harris CR 《Sex roles》2011,64(9-10):669-681
Two previous articles reported that women prefer less feminized male faces during the fertile phase of their menstrual cycle, supposedly reflecting an evolved mating strategy whereby women choose mates of maximum genetic quality when conception is likely. The current article contends this theory rests on several questionable assumptions about human ancestral mating systems. A new empirical test also was conducted: 853 adults, primarily from North America, evaluated facial attractiveness of photos. The study included more complete evaluation of ovulatory status and a greater number (n?=?258) of target women than past research. The results did not suggest any greater preference for masculine faces when fertilization was likely. The article concludes with general comments about evolutionary theorizing and interpersonal relationships. 相似文献
979.
This special issue on feminism and evolutionary psychology addresses current theory and research from feminist and evolutionary psychologists, focusing on gender differences in mate selection as conceptualized by Sexual Strategies Theory. This introduction begins with feminist critiques of evolutionary psychology as well as attempts by Darwinian feminists to integrate the two. It then reviews the papers, which generally fit into one of three lines of research. One group of papers critiques evolutionary psychology claims and presents research to support alternative theoretical explanations. A second group uses evolutionary psychology to support research on gender differences in alignment with Sexual Strategies Theory. A third group utilizes theory and empirical research to integrate evolutionary psychology and feminist theories. The introduction concludes with a call for furthering our understanding of the relationship between these theories. 相似文献
980.
Schoeneman KA Scalora MJ Darrow CD McLawsen JE Chang GH Zimmerman WJ 《Behavioral sciences & the law》2011,29(2):284-301
Those charged with assessing and managing threatening communications must utilize risk factors that are behavioral, operational, and reasonably attainable during investigations. This project examined 326 written correspondence cases of an inappropriate, disruptive, or threatening nature that targeted political officials, with the specific goal of identifying written content indicators of problematic approach behavior. Results revealed that subjects who engaged in problematic approach activity toward their targets had more criminal history, past threat assessment activity, familiarity with firearms, past substance use, and indicators of serious mental illness. Approachers were more likely to engage in multiple contact methods, target dispersion, more overall contacts, and prior contact with their target. Numerous content themes were associated with future problematic approach, including longer handwritten correspondence, referencing specific events, making demands, mentioning stressors, focus on personal themes, feeling their rights were violated, and expressing an intention to approach. Harassing, insulting, and threatening language was not related to approach behavior. The implications of these findings are wide-ranging for the practice of threat assessment. 相似文献