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211.
Beyond the reactive‐proactive dichotomy: Rage,revenge, reward,and recreational aggression predict early high school bully and bully/victim status 下载免费PDF全文
Kevin C. Runions Christina Salmivalli Therese Shaw Sharyn Burns Donna Cross 《Aggressive behavior》2018,44(5):501-511
212.
Earlier studies addressed the effects of feedback frequency on movement accuracy and consistency. The authors additionally addressed the effects on motor automatization. High error feedback frequencies may induce attentional control processes and impede motor automatization. In a pre-post design, 42 participants were assigned to 2 groups with different feedback frequencies and practiced an arm movement sequence with 760 trials in 5 sessions. The 100% group practiced with feedback on 3 movement reversals of the sequence after each trial. The 14% group practiced with 14% frequency according to a fading schedule. Only the 14% group showed a decrease in dual-task costs indicating an increase in automaticity. Group differences in movement accuracy and consistency were not evident. 相似文献
213.
Christina M. Mulé Brian Daniels Robert J. Volpe Amy M. Briesch Laurice M. Joseph Kristin Harris Samantha Silwinski Laurel K. Leslie 《Journal of Behavioral Education》2018,27(2):240-261
Traditional drill and practice (TDP) has been shown to be both effective and efficient for increasing word recognition. WordSheets (WS) is a novel drill procedure similar to TDP with two key differences: (a) WS increases opportunities to respond, which may increase efficiency and (b) WS present instructional stimuli in a context that more closely resembles actual reading passages, which may enhance generalization to connected text. The study sought to compare the effectiveness and efficiency of TDP and WS in a sample of first-grade students (n = 27) identified by their teachers as struggling readers. Results indicated that, although WS led to significantly more opportunities to respond, it was both less effective and efficient than TDP with regard to cumulative retention. However, there were no significant differences across interventions in regard to the maintenance or generalization of treatment gains. Limitations and implications of the current study for school-based professionals are discussed. 相似文献
214.
Christina Alaimo Laura Seiverling Kisha Anderson Peter Sturmey 《Behavioral Interventions》2018,33(1):93-101
Food refusal is a severe feeding problem in which children refuse to eat all or most foods, which can be treated effectively using multicomponent intervention packages. This study compared two multicomponent treatment packages on food and drink consumption, inappropriate mealtime behavior, and total intake in a child with food refusal. Bite and drink consumption was consistently higher; inappropriate mealtime behavior was consistently lower; and total intake was greater when differential reinforcement of alternative behavior and escape extinction treatment were implemented compared to response cost, escape extinction, and differential reinforcement of alternative behavior. 相似文献
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Petersen HV Domanska K Bendahl PO Wong J Carlsson C Bernstein I Esplen MJ Nilbert M 《Journal of genetic counseling》2011,20(3):308-313
Learning about hereditary cancer may influence an individual’s self-concept, which otherwise represents a complex but stable
cognitive structure. Recently, a 20-statement self-concept scale, with subscales related to stigma-vulnerability and bowel
symptom-related anxiety, was developed for Lynch syndrome. We compared the performance of this scale in 591 mutation carriers
from Denmark, Sweden and Canada. Principal component analysis identified two sets of linked statements—the first related to
feeling different, isolated and labeled, and the second to concern and worry about bowel changes. The scale performed consistently
in the three countries. Minor differences were identified, with guilt about passing on a defective gene and feelings of losing
one’s privacy being more pronounced among Canadians, whereas Danes more often expressed worries about cancer. Validation of
the Lynch syndrome self-concept scale supports its basic structure, identifies dependence between the statements in the subscales
and demonstrates its applicability in different Western populations. 相似文献
217.
Lily A. Krauss Christina K. Wilson Elena Padrón Kristin W. Samuelson 《Journal of aggression, maltreatment & trauma》2016,25(4):421-435
Although research has documented the detrimental effects of maternal trauma on child behavior (Lambert, Holzer, & Hasbun, 2014), the role of extended family support in potentially mitigating the effects of intergenerational transmission of trauma is not clearly understood. With a diverse community sample of 52 trauma-exposed mothers and their children between the ages of 7 and 12, we investigated relationships between kinship social support, maternal trauma exposure severity, maternal posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity, and child behavioral problems. Results showed that kinship social support was negatively related to maternal trauma exposure severity, maternal PTSD symptom severity, child internalizing behaviors, and child externalizing behaviors. Additionally, kinship social support moderated the relationship between maternal trauma exposure severity and child internalizing behaviors. These results have implications in the implementation of interventions aimed at supporting diverse families facing trauma that incorporate extended family networks. 相似文献
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219.
Matthew M. Botvinick Jun Wang Elizabeth Cowan Stephane Roy Christina Bastianen J. Patrick Mayo James C. Houk 《Animal cognition》2009,12(5):671-678
There has been considerable research into the ability of nonhuman primates to process sequential information, a topic that
is of interest in part because of the extensive involvement of sequence processing in human language use. Surprisingly, no
previous study has unambiguously tested the ability of nonhuman primates to encode and immediately reproduce a novel temporal
sequence of perceptual events, the ability tapped in the immediate serial recall (ISR) task extensively studied in humans.
We report here the performance of a rhesus macaque on a spatial ISR task, closely resembling tasks widely used in human memory
research. Detailed analysis of the monkey’s recall performance indicates a number of important parallels with human ISR, consistent
with the idea that a single mechanism for short-term serial order memory may be shared across species. 相似文献
220.