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91.
Sex Roles - Emphasized femininity plays a key role in maintaining gender inequality. Yet, classic conceptualizations of emphasized femininity render it static and inflexible, and obscure... 相似文献
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94.
Integrating The Diverse Definitions of Happiness: A Time-Sequential Framework of Subjective Well-Being 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chu Kim-Prieto Ed Diener Maya Tamir Christie Scollon Marissa Diener 《Journal of Happiness Studies》2005,6(3):261-300
The field of subjective well-being (SWB) is primarily concerned with people's evaluation of their lives; however, it includes
a wide range of concepts, from momentary moods to global life satisfaction judgments. We propose a framework that integrates
these diverse constructs. Our sequential temporal framework of subjective well-being describes experiences of well-being from
the events and circumstances that cause evaluative reactions, through the emotional reactions to these events, to recall of
these reactions, and finally to global judgments of well-being based on the previous stages. The hypothesized processes that
translate the various steps in the sequence into one another are described, and supporting evidence is reviewed. We outline
the implications of our framework for understanding subjective well-being, and discuss the research that is needed to further
explore the proposed framework. 相似文献
95.
Vector averaging of inhibition of return 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Observers detected targets presented 400 msec after a display containing one cue or two to four cues displayed simultaneously
in randomly selected locations on a virtual circle around fixation. The cue arrangement was completely uninformative about
the upcoming target’s location, and eye position was monitored to ensure that the participants maintained fixation between
the cue and their manual detection response. Reflecting inhibition of return (IOR), there was a gradient of performance following
single cues, with reaction time decreasing monotonically as the target’s angular distance from the cued direction increased.
An equivalent gradient of IOR was found following multiple cues whose center of gravity fell outside the parafoveal region
and, thus, whose net vector would activate an orienting response. Moreover, on these trials, whether or not the targeted location
had been stimulated by a cue had little effect on this gradient. Finally, when the array of cues was balanced so that its
center of gravity was at fixation, there was no IOR. These findings, which suggest that IOR is an aftermath of orienting elicited
by the cue, are compatible with population coding of the entire cue (as a grouped array for multiple cues) as the generator
of IOR. 相似文献
96.
The relevance of resilience research for clinical practice has not yet been established. In this intervention pilot study, the aim was to explore how group work based on enhancing the participants' creativity, self-efficacy, active coping, and sense of continuity could be utilized within a clinical context for adolescents with stressful background experiences. 31 participants and 24 parents completed pre-, post-, and 1-yr. follow-up assessments of the youths' behavior difficulties, as well as depression, positive life attitude, coping, and prosocial behavior. Apart from a drop in self-rated prosocial behavior, no significant treatment effects were found. Implications for clinical practice and research are indicated. 相似文献
97.
The relation between personality disorder (PD) symptoms, depression, and interpersonal stress were examined over 6 months in a sample of 143 adolescents from a low-income urban high school. Both self report questionnaires in the full sample and structured interviews in a subset of 54 girls indicated the following: PD symptoms predicted greater depressive symptoms and interpersonal stress over time; PD symptoms were highly stable; depressive symptoms did not predict change in PD symptoms over time. Moreover, an integrative model was supported, wherein the route by which PD symptoms led to greater depression was via the generation of interpersonal stress. These results suggest that adolescents' PD symptoms play a destructive role in the construction of interpersonal circumstances during a key period for depression onset. 相似文献
98.
Christie J 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》2006,59(2):312-325
Christie and Klein (1995) demonstrated that a familiar item (word) rapidly attracts attention when presented simultaneously with an unfamiliar item (nonword). However, this finding has never been replicated. The current study is an attempt at such a replication. Participants were presented a familiar word and unfamiliar nonword in the experimental condition. At varying times after stimulus onset one of the items moved, and the participant reported the direction of the movement. A replication of Christie and Klein would be obtained if performance was better for movement discrimination of the familiar item shortly after onset but not at later intervals. The original finding was replicated in fast participants while slower participants show a different effect. A potential individual difference variable is suggested to explain this difference between the fast and slow participants. 相似文献
99.
Maurice A. Feldman Christie L. Hancock Nicole Rielly Patricia Minnes Colleen Cairns 《Journal of child and family studies》2000,9(2):247-261
We examined the prevalence of behavior problems and their relationship to child, parent, and family factors in 76 children with or at risk for developmental delay. Parents reported that 42% of the children had behavior problems. Child Behavior Checklist (CBC) scores revealed that 25% of the sample scored above the borderline cutoff. Although the total, externalizing, and internalizing mean CBC scores did not differ from the normative group (same-aged peers without developmental delay), each of the syndrome subscales was significantly higher in the study group. The Reiss Scales for Children's Dual Diagnosis revealed that, as compared to older children (4 years) with developmental delay, the study sample scored significantly lower on the total score and 8 of the 10 subscales. Increased CBC total scores were significantly related to dependency and management of the child, birth weight, gestational length, paternal illness, maternal depression, perceived personal burden of care, maternal escape-avoidance coping strategy, family disharmony, and financial stress. CBC total scores were significantly negatively correlated with being of a multiple birth, paternal education, maternal employment, two-parent family, family social support, and family income. Multiple regression analyses revealed that an empirically-derived combination of child, parent, and family variables accounted for 31% of the variance in CBC total scores. Our findings suggest that 2-year old children with or at-risk for developmental delay may already be showing signs of increased risk of behavior problems relative to peers without developmental delay. We identified several child, parent, and family variables that may help to pinpoint children at increased riskxs for psychopathology. 相似文献
100.
After reviewing some of the relevant literature, the writers proceed to describe a new development in psychotherapy for couples presenting with relatively unexplained infertility. Several couples who had failed to achieve conception (despite the use of assisted reproductive techniques and personal psychotherapy) were brought together into a supportive-expressive group led by the writers, an experienced analytic cotherapy couple. An interesting outcome is described, and mention made of current plans for a future research project. 相似文献