全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3684篇 |
免费 | 175篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 28篇 |
2020年 | 60篇 |
2019年 | 71篇 |
2018年 | 104篇 |
2017年 | 94篇 |
2016年 | 109篇 |
2015年 | 81篇 |
2014年 | 92篇 |
2013年 | 401篇 |
2012年 | 161篇 |
2011年 | 187篇 |
2010年 | 118篇 |
2009年 | 109篇 |
2008年 | 153篇 |
2007年 | 167篇 |
2006年 | 133篇 |
2005年 | 128篇 |
2004年 | 116篇 |
2003年 | 96篇 |
2002年 | 90篇 |
2001年 | 76篇 |
2000年 | 63篇 |
1999年 | 60篇 |
1998年 | 64篇 |
1997年 | 33篇 |
1996年 | 46篇 |
1995年 | 29篇 |
1994年 | 32篇 |
1992年 | 41篇 |
1991年 | 61篇 |
1990年 | 44篇 |
1989年 | 42篇 |
1988年 | 34篇 |
1987年 | 38篇 |
1986年 | 32篇 |
1985年 | 33篇 |
1984年 | 25篇 |
1983年 | 34篇 |
1982年 | 33篇 |
1981年 | 38篇 |
1979年 | 31篇 |
1978年 | 29篇 |
1977年 | 28篇 |
1976年 | 30篇 |
1975年 | 30篇 |
1974年 | 30篇 |
1973年 | 30篇 |
1971年 | 25篇 |
1970年 | 25篇 |
1967年 | 27篇 |
排序方式: 共有3862条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
941.
Attentional effects of counterpredictive gaze and arrow cues 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Friesen CK Ristic J Kingstone A 《Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance》2004,30(2):319-329
The authors used counterpredictive cues to examine reflexive and volitional orienting to eyes and arrows. Experiment 1 investigated the effects of eyes with a novel design that allowed for a comparison of gazed-at (cued) target locations and likely (predicted) target locations against baseline locations that were not cued and not predicted. Attention shifted reflexively to the cued location and volitionally to the predicted location, and these 2 forms of orienting overlapped in time. Experiment 2 discovered that another well-learned directional stimulus, an arrow, produced a different effect: Attention was shifted only volitionally to the predicted location. The authors suggest that because there is a neural architecture specialized for processing eyes, gaze-triggered attention is more strongly reflexive than orienting to arrows. 相似文献
942.
Instructions for Authors
Instructions for Authors 相似文献943.
Instructions for Authors
Instructions for Authors 相似文献944.
When two causes for a given effect are simultaneously presented, it is natural to expect an effect of greater magnitude. However many laboratory tasks preclude such an additivity rule by imposing a ceiling on effect magnitude-for example, by using a binary outcome. Under these conditions, a compound of two causal cues cannot be distinguished from a compound of one causal cue and one noncausal cue. Two experiments tested the effect of additivity on cue competition. Significant but weak forward blocking and no backward blocking were observed in a conventional "allergy" causal judgment task. Explicit pretraining of magnitude additivity produced strong and significant forward and backward blocking. Additivity pretraining was found to be unnecessary for another cue competition effect, release from overshadowing, which does not logically depend on additivity. The results confirm that blocking is constrained when effect magnitude is constrained and provide support for an inferential account of cue competition. 相似文献
945.
Chang RC Blaisdell AP Miller RR 《Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes》2003,29(3):171-183
The information acquired in backward conditioning (i.e., outcome-->cue) was assessed in 3 Pavlovian lick-suppression experiments with water-deprived rats as subjects. Experiment 1 confirmed previous research that few outcome-->cue pairings made the cue into a conditioned excitor and additionally showed that massive posttraining extinction of the training context attenuated a backward-trained cue's excitatory value. Experiment 2 found that many outcome-->cue pairings made the cue into a conditioned inhibitor and that the same context manipulation attenuated this inhibitory value. Experiment 3 confirmed the observations of Experiments 1 and 2 and demonstrated that these effects of context extinction were specific to backward-trained cues conditioned in the extinguished context. These results are interpreted in terms of cue-->context and context-->outcome associations. 相似文献
946.
This study tested whether poor cognitive change during depression treatment predicted time to return of depressive symptoms. Depressed participants (N = 121) completed assessments of dysfunctional attitudes and extreme thinking (i.e., number of totally agree and totally disagree responses) during hospitalization and again after 6 months of outpatient treatment. Participants then completed monthly depression assessments for 1 year. Survival analyses for time to symptom recurrence during follow-up were conducted among participants who reported 50% improvement in their depressive symptoms and were at least partially asymptomatic at the end of treatment (n = 53). Poor change in dysfunctional attitudes and poor change in extreme thinking both predicted shorter time to return of depressive symptoms. 相似文献
947.
Miller RD 《Behavioral sciences & the law》2003,21(3):369-391
The clinical and legal literature abounds with articles dealing with competence to stand trial; while most agree that criminal defendants must be capable of defending themselves before the state can bring them to trial, a number of articles are quite critical of the procedures by which these concepts are operationalized, some even going so far as to suggest abolishing the requirement for competence altogether. One of the major problems leading to the criticisms is the unnecessary loss of liberty involved. Although the length of incarceration has decreased significantly since the 1970s, the majority of states still permit, or require, hospitalization for evaluation of competence, and even more so for treatment to restore competence.The author reviews case law and presents data from his survey of current state statutes and responses from state forensic mental health program directors, to demonstrate the rarity of outpatient treatment to restore competence. He argues that outpatient treatment for defendants who do not require hospitalization on clinical or public safety grounds should be available, on both clinical and legal grounds, and provides recommendations for establishing such programs in the community. 相似文献
948.
This study used the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ; A. Tellegen, in press) to identify personality-based subtypes of posttraumatic response. Cluster analyses of MPQs completed by combat veterans revealed subgroups that differed on measures relating to the externalization versus internalization of distress. The MPQ profile of the externalizing cluster was defined by low Constraint and Harmavoidance coupled with high Alienation and Aggression. Individuals in this cluster also had histories of delinquency and high rates of substance-related disorder. In comparison, the MPQ profile of the internalizing cluster was characterized by lower Positive Emotionality, Alienation, and Aggression and higher Constraint, and individuals in this cluster showed high rates of depressive disorder. These findings suggest that dispositions toward externalizing versus internalizing psychopathology may account for heterogeneity in the expression of posttraumatic responses, including patterns of comorbidity. 相似文献
949.
When may a physician legitimately offer enrollment in a randomized clinical trial (RCT) to her patient? Two answers to this question have had a profound impact on the research ethics literature. Equipoise, as originated by Charles Fried, which we term Fried's equipoise (FE), stipulates that a physician may offer trial enrollment to her patient only when the physician is genuinely uncertain as to the preferred treatment. Clinical equipoise (CE), originated by Benjamin Freedman, requires that there exist a state of honest, professional disagreement in the community of expert practitioners as to the preferred treatment. FE and CE are widely understood as competing concepts. We argue that FE and CE offer separable and, in themselves, incomplete justifications for the conduct of clinical trials. FE articulates conditions under which the fiduciary duties of physician to patient may be upheld in the conduct of research. CE sets out a standard for the social approval of research by institutional review boards. Viewed this way, FE and CE are not necessarily competing notions, but rather address complementary moral concerns. 相似文献
950.
In response to the preceding commentary by Jerry Menikoff in this issue of the Journal, the authors argue that Fried's central concern is not that randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are conducted without consent, but rather that various aspects of the design and conduct of RCTs are in tension with physicians' duties of personal care to their patients. Although Fried does argue that the existence of equipoise cannot justify failure to obtain consent from research subjects, informed consent by itself does not supplant ill subjects' rights to personalized judgment and care embodied in Fried's equipoise. 相似文献