Entspannungsverfahren

Autogenic training, progressive relaxation and hypnosis show good empirical evidence as relaxation-therapies and are useful techniques in psychotherapy and also in behavioral therapy and psychiatric treatment. Relaxation therapy can be used on its own in psychosomatic concepts of e.g. internal medicine and it is a well established and scientific-based component in the treatment of psychic, psychosomatic or psychiatric disorders, except psychosis and severe dementia. Though in details somewhat different, the methodology of these techniques creates a framework, in which the psychophysiologically determined relaxation response is easily elicited. However, regular practice of the patients is required. Focussed attention, imagination and new attributions of bodily or mental perceptions play a dominant role.The task of the modern “relaxation-therapist” doesn’t consist in charismatic guided exercises but in enhancing the patient’s motivation for searching his own way of relaxation. Relaxation can be combined with all psychotherapeutic (including psychodynamic) and psychiatric treatments. For our patients’ benefit a widespread application of these techniques should be practiced.     

Einfluss von Stress auf den Schwangerschaftsverlauf und die Geburt

Zusammenfassung Wenngleich viele Schwangerschaften und Geburten komplikationslos verlaufen, können bei werdenden Müttern psychische Missstimmungen wie Ängstlichkeit oder depressive Gestimmtheit infolge individueller psychosozialer Veränderungen auftreten. Dies gilt insbesondere für Schwangerschaften mit Komplikationen wie vorzeitige Wehentätigkeit und Gestosen. Die ätiologischen Faktoren solcher Komplikationen sind bisher häufig ungeklärt. Allerdings gibt es zahlreiche Hinweise auf eine Mitbeteiligung von Stress an der Entstehung der genannten Pathologien. Das sympathikoadrenomedulläre System und die Hypothalamus-Hypophysen-Nebennierenrinden-Plazenta-Achse scheinen die körperlichen Effekte von psychosozialen Belastungen zu modulieren. Auch die Entstehung postpartaler psychischer Störungen kann durch Stresserleben während der Geburt, wie beispielsweise einer sekundären Sectio, beeinflusst werden. Aus diesen Gründen ist es wichtig, der psychosozialen Anpassung an eine Schwangerschaft besondere Aufmerksamkeit zu schenken und bei ausgeprägten Problemen frühzeitig eine psychotherapeutische Mitbehandlung einzuleiten.     

Psychosomatische und psychotherapeutische Probleme in der Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Which version of the Eysenck Personality Profiler is best? 6-, 12- or 20-items per scale

Data provided by 400 first year undergraduate students were analysed to develop two short forms of the Eysenck Personality Profiler (EPP) in which each of the 22 primary scales is assessed by a 6-item and a 12-item version instead of the usual 20-item per scale measure. In comparison with the 6-item per scale measure, the 12-item version retains more of the characteristics of the long version and seems a good compromise between quality of data and administration time.     

Psychoanalytischer Raum und alltägliche Welt

The differentiation of an inner analytical space with its immanent fictionality from the real world with its communications and interactions poses the following questions: What have the two worlds in common and how is the transfer from the as-if of the psychoanalytical situation to the real world going on? The apparently exclusive verbal treatment, which at first glance differs explicitly from body therapies but also from behavior therapies leads many nonanalytical people to the incorrect assessment of psychoanalysis as a therapy method being just a verbal exercise, which has nothing to do with real conflicts. In the following paper it will be demonstrated, that language, which in fact transports beside the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic contents intentions, has always a crucial emotive function in a psychoanalytical sense. According to the model of the Polish linguist Roman Jakobson and the ideas of the Argentine/American psychoanalyst Ana-Maria Rizzuto the importance of the emotive function—beside the five other functions—or the mutative actions in the analytic situation will be demonstrated from an interdisciplinary perspective. The question of the transformations and transfers from psychoanalytical situation to the real world allows and requires therefore a greater differentiation.     

Die Vielfalt der Persönlichkeit—Gefährdung der Einheit der Person?

Uniformity against manifold faces of a personality are manifest presentations of a supposed underlying person (subjectum) as its synthetic-cohesive potential. The association-psychology of the 19th century brought forward the concept of dissociation, which allows to interpret a broad spectrum of phenomena between adaptive functioning (salutary) and maladaptive, dysfunctional phenomena of psychopathology: it opens a dimensional perspective which includes dissociative identity disorder, dissociative trance disorder, borderline-pathologies and the most severe forms of ego/self-dissociation, -fragmentation in schizophrenic disorders.     

Explorations of the effectiveness of a voluntary sector psychodynamic counselling service

This paper reports two studies of individual psychodynamic counselling provided by a voluntary sector service. The first study examines evidence of the effectiveness of counselling, as evaluated by the General Health Questionnaire and Personal Opinion Survey. Measures of the process of counselling indicated the improvements that clients attributed to counselling, the changes that occurred during it, and the factors that were most beneficial, as well as the approaches used by counsellors. The second study, using the CORE Outcome Measure and ratings of problem severity, found counselling to be equally effective with disadvantaged and non‐disadvantaged clients, as defined by British Department of Health criteria, but these clients differed somewhat in their perceptions of helpful aspects of counselling. Both studies also indicated predictors of positive outcome of counselling. The studies are used to illustrate some of the methodological issues around research in this area.     

Was bringt die Muster-Weiterbildungsordnung?

Ohne Zusammenfassung