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61.
A simulation study compared the performance of robust normal theory maximum likelihood (ML) and robust categorical least squares (cat-LS) methodology for estimating confirmatory factor analysis models with ordinal variables. Data were generated from 2 models with 2-7 categories, 4 sample sizes, 2 latent distributions, and 5 patterns of category thresholds. Results revealed that factor loadings and robust standard errors were generally most accurately estimated using cat-LS, especially with fewer than 5 categories; however, factor correlations and model fit were assessed equally well with ML. Cat-LS was found to be more sensitive to sample size and to violations of the assumption of normality of the underlying continuous variables. Normal theory ML was found to be more sensitive to asymmetric category thresholds and was especially biased when estimating large factor loadings. Accordingly, we recommend cat-LS for data sets containing variables with fewer than 5 categories and ML when there are 5 or more categories, sample size is small, and category thresholds are approximately symmetric. With 6-7 categories, results were similar across methods for many conditions; in these cases, either method is acceptable. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved). 相似文献
62.
FÉLIX NETO 《Journal of applied social psychology》2012,42(1):133-150
The aims of this study were to investigate the degree of psychological and sociocultural adaptation among adolescents from returned Portuguese immigrant families and the factors that may predict adaptation. The study sample consisted of 360 adolescents from returned Portuguese immigrant families who answered a self‐report questionnaire. A control group involving 217 Portuguese youths was also included in the study. Adolescents from returned immigrant families revealed similar levels of psychological adaptation and better sociocultural adaptation in comparison with peers who have never migrated. Predictive factors—sociodemographic and intercultural contact variables—were significantly linked to youths' adaptation. It is concluded that perceived discrimination plays an essential role in re‐acculturation outcomes. 相似文献
63.
Anderson MH Hardcastle C Munafò MR Robinson ES 《Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience》2012,12(2):373-381
Changes in the processing of emotional information are key features of affective disorders. Neuropsychological tests based
on emotional faces or words are used to detect emotional/affective biases in humans, but these tests are not applicable to
animal species. In the present study, we investigated whether a novel affective tone discrimination task (ATDT), developed
to study emotion-related behaviour in rats, could also be used to quantify changes in affective states in humans. To date,
the methods used in human neuropsychology have not been applicable to animal experiments. Participants completed a training
session in which they learnt to discriminate specific tone frequencies and to correctly respond in order to gain emotionally
valenced outcomes, to obtain rewards (money), or to avoid punishment (an aversive sound clip). During a subsequent test session,
additional ambiguous probe tones were presented at frequencies intermediate between the reward and avoidance paired tones.
At the end of the task, participants completed self-report questionnaires. All participants made more avoidance responses
to the most ambiguous tone cues, suggesting a bias towards avoidance of punishment. Individual differences in the degrees
of bias observed were correlated with anxiety measures, suggesting the task’s sensitivity to differences in state anxiety
within a healthy population. Further studies in clinical populations will be necessary to assess the task’s sensitivity to
pathological anxiety states. These data suggest that this affective tone discrimination task provides a novel method to study
cognitive affective biases in different species, including humans, and offers a novel assessment to study anxiety. 相似文献
64.
Émilie Sandrin Claude Fernet Clément Depint-Rouault Monique Leloup Dominique Portenard 《Anxiety, stress, and coping》2013,26(5):568-580
ABSTRACTBackground and Objectives: Although workaholism has been associated with job performance, the mechanisms that explain this relationship remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the conditional indirect effects of workaholism on performance via emotional exhaustion, across low and high levels of supervisor recognition.Methods: We conducted an empirical cross-sectional study using a sample of 1028 volunteer firefighters who completed a self-report questionnaire assessing workaholism, emotional exhaustion, work performance, and supervisor recognition.Results: Tests of latent interactions were performed using the latent moderated structural equation modeling approach. Consistent with our predictions, results revealed that the negative indirect effects of workaholism on performance, through emotional exhaustion, were stronger when supervisor recognition was low.Conclusions: Theorical contributions and perspectives, as well as implications for practice are discussed. 相似文献
65.
66.
AndrÉ Haynal 《International Forum of Psychoanalysis》2013,22(3):159-164
Abstract The author presents aspects of the relationship between Freud and Ferenczi, and between the members of Freud's inner circle as it appears in their correspondence, to illustrate the correspondences as well as the non-correspondences and conflicts which arose among them. 相似文献
67.
Robert A. Roe Fred R.H. Zijlstra ReneÉ J.D. Schalk Tharsi C.B. Taillieu Jos M.M. Van der Wielen 《European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology》2013,22(2):163-176
Abstract To describe and conceptualize new forms of work and organization a questionnaire survey in service organizations (n = 845), and a telephone survey among workers (n = 1168) were held. New concepts are introduced to identify the types of work and organization found, i.e. “Information Service Organization” (ISO) and “Mental Information Work” (MIW). ISOs are characterized by activities such as collecting, storing, and processing data; advising people; and informing people. They also make a lot of use of IT (computers, programs) and electronic network connections. Most ISOs appear to be traditional in terms of working hours and places of work. MIW is a form of knowledge work characterized by mental manipulations of information; IT is often used. Flexi-time is relatively frequent in MIW, but most people work on a fixed place of work. 相似文献
68.
Émilie Lapointe Jean-Sébastien Boudrias 《Psychologie du Travail et des Organisations》2013,19(4):318-335
Organizational initiatives to empower employees have limited success if they are supported only by top managers. The goal of this study is to examine how two actors in the workers’ proximal social environment, the supervisor and colleagues, contribute to employee empowerment. A questionnaire study was conducted with a sample of 418 workers relying both on psychological and behavioral self-report measures of employee empowerment. Multiple regressions revealed that contributions from the supervisor and colleagues are distinct, additive and interact in a synergic way to increase employee empowerment. These results suggest that it is important to foster favorable conditions in the workers’ proximal social environment to instill employee empowerment. 相似文献
69.
Jardat Plotine Ringhofer Monamie Yamamoto Shinya Gouyet Chloé Degrande Rachel Parias Céline Reigner Fabrice Calandreau Ludovic Lansade Léa 《Animal cognition》2023,26(2):369-377
Animal Cognition - Recently, research on domestic mammals’ sociocognitive skills toward humans has been prolific, allowing us to better understand the human–animal relationship. For... 相似文献
70.
Éloïse Côté Anna Dorfman Éric Lacourse Jean-Marc Lina Mathieu Pelletier-Dumas Dietlind Stolle Roxane de la Sablonnière 《Social and Personality Psychology Compass》2023,17(11):e12826
In the context of public health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, it is essential that individuals cooperate by complying with preventive measures (e.g., wearing a mask). The current research examines how high trust in close others is linked to less cooperation—that is, less compliance with measures—and thus, undermines collective interests. Specifically, we test whether individuals are less willing to comply with preventive measures when interacting with close others they trust. We conducted two experiments in which participants read a vignette depicting a social interaction with either close others (e.g., family) or strangers. Participants had to report the extent to which they would (1) trust the other people in the situation and (2) comply with the mask wearing and physical distancing measures during this interaction. In both experiments, we find that when individuals are considering an interaction with close others, they report experiencing higher trust which is then linked to lower compliance with preventive measures. In Experiment 2, we further demonstrate that participants report less compliance with preventive measures around close others, even when they perceive non-compliance with the measures as morally “wrong”. Our findings shed light on the challenges that compliance with preventive measures poses during social interactions in a context of high trust. 相似文献