The Purusārthas: An Axiological Exploration of Hinduism

Three doctrines have often been identified in the context of Hindu civilization as its distinctive markers: the doctrine of the varnas (or the doctrine of the four classes), the doctrine of asramas (or the doctrine of the four stages of life), and the doctrine of the purusarthas (or the doctrine of the four goals of life). The study of the last of these has been comparatively neglected and the doctrine has even been dubbed a myth (Krishna 1996, 189–205). The purpose of this article is twofold: to establish the cogency of the doctrine of the purusarthas in the face of such criticism and to indicate the directions in which the doctrine could be developed further.     

化学致癌机制的系统科学方法思考

本文用系统科学方法分析了化学物致癌机制，化学致癌是一个长期的，多基因，多阶段，多病因过程已被公认，研究者们认为化学致癌系统由基因和非基因因素构成，在此系统中存在若干系统属性，如整体性，综合性，动态性等，医学研究者要在癌症病因，治疗和预防中取得的半功倍成效，就应该科学地运用致癌系统中的这些系统属性。