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31.
Angèle Brunellière Laetitia Perre ThiMai Tran Isabelle Bonnotte 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》2017,70(9):1922-1934
In recent decades, many computational techniques have been developed to analyse the contextual usage of words in large language corpora. The present study examined whether the co-occurrence frequency obtained from large language corpora might boost purely semantic priming effects. Two experiments were conducted: one with conscious semantic priming, the other with subliminal semantic priming. Both experiments contrasted three semantic priming contexts: an unrelated priming context and two related priming contexts with word pairs that are semantically related and that co-occur either frequently or infrequently. In the conscious priming presentation (166-ms stimulus-onset asynchrony, SOA), a semantic priming effect was recorded in both related priming contexts, which was greater with higher co-occurrence frequency. In the subliminal priming presentation (66-ms SOA), no significant priming effect was shown, regardless of the related priming context. These results show that co-occurrence frequency boosts pure semantic priming effects and are discussed with reference to models of semantic network. 相似文献
32.
Research found that mimicry behavior led to increased helping behavior toward the mimicker and is associated with higher positive evaluation of the mimicker. Furthermore, studies on helping behavior focused only on implicit helping behavior, whereas no experimental study on explicit helping request was tested. An experiment was carried out in which a female student-confederate mimicked or not mimicked a participant during a discussion about paintings and, after that, solicited the participant for a written feedback about an essay. It was found that mimicry increased compliance to the confederate's request. 相似文献
33.
Using the mismatch negativity (MMN) response, we examined how Standard French and Southern French speakers access the meaning of words ending in /e/ or /ε/ vowels which are contrastive in Standard French but not in Southern French. In Standard French speakers, there was a significant difference in the amplitude of the brain response after the deviant-minus-standard subtraction between the frontocentral (FC) and right lateral (RL) recording sites for the final-/ε/ word but not the final-/e/ word. In contrast, the difference in the amplitude of the brain response between the FC and RL recording sites did not significantly vary as a function of the word’s final vowel in Southern French speakers. Our findings provide evidence that access to lexical meaning in spoken word recognition depends on the speaker’s native regional accent. 相似文献
34.
Face processing development is negatively affected when infants have not been exposed to faces for some time because of congenital cataract blocking all vision (Le Grand, Mondloch, Maurer, & Brent, 2001). It is not clear, however, whether more subtle differences in face exposure may also have an influence. The present study looked at the effect of the mother's preferred side of holding an infant, on her adult child's face processing lateralisation. Adults with a mother who had a left-arm preference for holding infants were compared with adults with a mother who had a right-arm holding preference. All participants were right-handed and had been exclusively bottle-fed during infancy. The participants were presented with two chimeric faces tests, one involving emotion and the other one gender. The left-arm held individuals showed a normal left-bias on the chimeric face tests, whereas the right-arm held individuals a significantly decreased left-bias. The results might suggest that reduced exposure to high quality emotional information on faces in infancy results in diminished right-hemisphere lateralisation for face processing. 相似文献
35.
This investigation examines the respective contributions of perceived support from parents, peers, and school to the psychological
adjustment of 519 thirteen-year-old Asian adolescents from a middle school in Singapore, and the mediating role dispositional
optimism plays in these relationships. The findings suggest that positive supportive relationships with parents, peers, and
the school are important contextual factors influencing the psychological well-being of these adolescents. Dispositional optimism
partially mediates support from each of these three sources and psychological adjustment. Sex differences were noted. This
study contributes to a small body of research highlighting the role of a positive mechanism that underpins emotional wellbeing
and psychological adaptation in the three developmental contexts that are important in shaping the beliefs, thinking and behavior
of the growing Asian adolescent, particularly with respect to girls. Implications arising from this study are discussed.
This study was supported by the Academic Research Fund grant (RI 5/04 YLS) from National Institute of Education to Lay See
Yeo. 相似文献
36.
Crystal X. Tan Rebecca P. Ang Robert M. Klassen Lay See Yeo Isabella Y. F. Wong Vivien S. Huan Wan Har Chong 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2008,27(2):135-144
This study examined correlates of academic procrastination and students’ grade goals in a sample of 226 undergraduates from
Singapore. Findings indicated that self-efficacy for self-regulated learning was significantly and negatively related to procrastination.
High self-efficacy for self-regulated learning also predicted students’ expectations of doing well and low self-efficacy for
self-regulated learning predicted students’ expectations of not doing well academically. Additionally, help-seeking predicted
students’ expectations of doing well academically while academic stress predicted students’ expectations of not doing well
academically. Implications for education and educational practice were discussed.
This project was partially supported by the Undergraduate Research Experience on Campus (URECA) program from Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore. 相似文献
37.
A color change that is physically simultaneous with the onset of object motion may be perceived as occurring before the initial displacement. In contrast, a colored flash during object motion is displaced in the direction of motion, suggesting that it is perceived after the continuous position change. The aim of our study was to reconcile these apparently conflicting results. To this end, we reexamined color-motion asynchronies as a function of trajectory position. Our results indicate that an abrupt color change lags object motion along the trajectory, but no asynchrony was found when the abrupt color change occurred at motion onset. Even if the lag of color relative to motion decreased with increasing object size, we did not replicate a lag of motion relative to color in any of our experiments. Furthermore, judgments at motion onset were not correlated with judgments along the trajectory, suggesting that the underlying mechanisms or task demands were different. Temporal order may be judged at motion onset, whereas position is judged during ongoing motion. 相似文献
38.
Rebecca P. Ang Adrian Raine 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2009,31(3):143-151
Using confirmatory factor analysis, this study compared the 4-factor 18-item Narcissistic Personality Questionnaire for Children
(NPQC) and the 2-factor, 12-item Narcissistic Personality Questionnaire for Children-Revised (NPQC-R). Support was found for
the 2-factor structure of the 12-item NPQC-R using two independent adolescent school-based samples (n = 479 and n = 470). The 2-factor NPQC-R model (i.e., Superiority, Exploitativeness) showed a better fit in both adolescent samples than
the alternative 4-factor NPQC model. There was strong support for NPQC-R’s invariance across gender and age. The NPQC-R was
found to have reasonable internal consistency estimates, test–retest reliability estimates, and adequate convergent and discriminant
validity estimates. Collectively, these results support the utility of the NPQC-R as a measure of narcissism in children and
adolescents.
A copy of the NPQC-R and scoring key can be obtained from Rebecca P. Ang. 相似文献
39.
This study investigated the role of optimism together with gender, on students' perception of academic stress. Four hundred and thirty secondary school students from Singapore participated in this study and data were collected using two self-report measures: the Life Orientation Test and the Academic Expectation Stress Inventory. Results revealed a significant negative relationship between optimism and academic stress in students. Gender was not a significant predictor of academic stress and no two-way interactions were found between optimism and gender of the participants. Possible explanations for the results were suggested and implications of the findings were discussed. 相似文献
40.
Tong EM Bishop GD Enkelmann HC Why YP Diong SM Khader M Ang J 《Emotion (Washington, D.C.)》2005,5(4):508-512
Although appraisal theories have received strong empirical support, there are methodological concerns about the research, including biased recall, heuristic responding, ethical issues, and weak and unrealistic induction of emotions in laboratories. To provide a more ecologically valid test of appraisal theories, the authors used ecological momentary assessment, in which the emotions and appraisals of Singaporean police officers were measured online over the course of an ordinary workday. The research focused on happiness. Support was obtained for predictions, demonstrating the generalizability of appraisal theories to a nonlaboratory setting and circumventing the shortcomings of previously used methodologies. Also, evidence was obtained that happiness was reported primarily in association with a specific combination of 3 relevant appraisals: high pleasantness, high perceived control, and low moral violation. 相似文献