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61.
Aversive memory reactivation engages in the amygdala only some neurotransmitters involved in consolidation 下载免费PDF全文
Bucherelli C Baldi E Mariottini C Passani MB Blandina P 《Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)》2006,13(4):426-430
Consolidation refers to item stabilization in long-term memory. Retrieval renders a consolidated memory sensitive, and a "reconsolidation" process has been hypothesized to keep the original memory persistent. Some authors could not detect this phenomenon. Here we show that retrieved contextual fear memory is vulnerable to amnesic treatments and that the amygdala is critically involved. Cholinergic and histaminergic systems seem to modulate only consolidation, whereas cannabinoids are involved in both consolidation and reactivation. The lability of retrieved memory affords opportunities to treat disorders such as phobias, post-traumatic stress, or chronic pain, and these results help searching for appropriate therapeutic targets. 相似文献
62.
63.
Working memory and access to numerical information in children with disability in mathematics 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
The relationship among working memory, mathematic ability, and the cognitive impairment of children with difficulties in mathematics was examined. A group of children with difficulties in mathematics (MD) was compared with a group of children with a normal level of achievement matched for vocabulary, age, and gender (N = 49). The children were required to perform a variety of working memory and short-term memory tasks that had been administered 1 year previously. Moreover, the children were asked to perform tasks designed to provide information about speed of articulation. The results suggest a general working memory deficit in children with MD, specifically in the central executive component of Baddeley's model and primarily in the ability to inhibit irrelevant information. However, the MD children were not impaired in speech rate and counting speed tasks, which mainly involve the role of the articulatory loop. 相似文献
64.
Gordon L. Flett Norman S. Endler Chiara Tassone Paul L. Hewitt 《Current Psychology》1994,13(4):326-350
The association between dimensions of perfectionism and state and trait anxiety was examined in three studies. Study 1 and
Study 2 were correlational studies that investigated the link between dimensions of perfectionism (i.e., self-oriented, other-oriented,
and socially prescribed perfectionism) and the Endler Multidimensional Anxiety Scales (EMAS). Taken together, the results
indicated that self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionsim are correlated significantly with both the cognitive-worry
and autonomic-arousal components of state anxiety. As for the trait anxiety measures, self-oriented perfectionism was associated
with the ambiguous and social evaluation facets in Study 1, and socially prescribed perfectionism was associated with the
ambiguous and daily routines facets in Study 2. The purpose of Study 3 was to examine perfectionism and state anxiety under
conditions of high versus low ego involvement. It was found that socially prescribed perfectionism was associated with higher
state anxiety, but only in the high ego involvement condition. Self-oriented perfectionism was unrelated to state anxiety
in either experimental condition. Overall, the findings indicate that socially prescribed perfectionism is the dimension linked
most closely with components of state and trait anxiety, especially under conditions of ego threat. The results are discussed
in terms of the need for an interactional approach to the study of the social aspects of both perfectionism and anxiety. 相似文献
65.
Fuzzy intuitionistic quantum logics (called also Brouwer-Zadeh logics) represent to non standard version of quantum logic where the connective not is split into two different negation: a fuzzy-like negation that gives rise to a paraconsistent behavior and an intuitionistic-like negation. A completeness theorem for a particular form of Brouwer-Zadeh logic (BZL
3) is proved. A phisical interpretation of these logics can be constructed in the framework of the unsharp approach to quantum theory. 相似文献
66.
Veronica Muffato Chiara Meneghetti Rossana De Beni 《British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953)》2020,111(1):70-91
Visuo-spatial abilities have an important role in environment learning. The aim of the present study was to explore whether these abilities relate to spatial recall after learning an environment from a map or a video, and irrespective of the learner's age (from youth to old age). The study involved 431 participants from 25 to 84 years old, who were assessed for their visuo-spatial working memory, object-based mental rotation, and perspective-taking abilities. Then, they learned environments from a map and a video, and performed pointing, map drawing, and route repetition tasks after learning from each type of input. The resulting path models showed that age related to visuo-spatial abilities and (in some cases) to spatial accuracy, too. After accounting for age, visuo-spatial abilities also related to spatial recall performance, whatever the type of learning input, especially in pointing tasks and, to a lesser degree, in map drawing and route repetition tasks. Overall, the relationship between individual visuo-spatial abilities and environment learning relates to the learning input and the type of task used to assess recall. This relationship was found in a large and diverse sample of participants ranging from youth to old age. 相似文献
67.
Kirsten van Kessel Sarita de Pont Chiara Gasteiger Sonja Goedeke 《Counselling and Psychotherapy Research》2024,24(1):27-38
The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019 forced an abrupt shift in the modality through which psychotherapy was delivered and online therapy became the only viable option for clients. Research regarding experiences of online therapy during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic is minimal, however, and has largely focussed on therapists' experiences of delivering online treatment, as opposed to clients' experiences of receiving it. A scoping review was undertaken to establish what is known from the existing literature about clients' experiences of online therapy during the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and identify gaps in the current knowledge. Searches were conducted across four academic databases: Scopus, EBSCO CINAHL Complete, EBSCO MEDLINE and OVID PsycInfo; the literature was excluded based on established PICOS criteria. Data were summarised through data charting and synthesised by way of inductive content analysis. A total of five articles were identified. All articles focussed on online therapy using video or audio conferencing, and four of the five studies examined clients with eating disorders. Inductive content analysis identified seven categories, as follows: preference for face-to-face therapy; appreciation of accessibility and convenience; online format hindered connection; positive experience of online therapy; individual client differences impacted experience; strong therapeutic alliance indicative of positive experience; and gratitude for continuation of treatment. Future research could explore clients' experiences of online therapy in a “post-pandemic” world and include a broader range of client populations and online therapy approaches in the COVID-19 context. 相似文献
68.
Gyselinck V De Beni R Pazzaglia F Meneghetti C Mondoloni A 《Psychological research》2007,71(3):373-382
The paper investigates the involvement of verbal and visuo-spatial working memory during the processing of spatial texts via
a dual-task paradigm. Subjects were presented with three texts describing locations from a route perspective, and had either
to imagine themselves moving along a route in surroundings or to rehearse verbal information. Concurrently they had to perform
a spatial tapping task, an articulatory task, or no secondary task. Performance on a verification test used to assess the
product of comprehension showed that the concurrent tapping task impaired performance in the imagery instructions group but
not in the repetition instructions group, and caused the beneficial effect of imagery instructions to vanish. This result
was not observed with the articulatory task, where interference effects were similar in both instructions groups. Performance
on the concurrent tasks confirmed the pattern obtained with the verification test. In addition, results seem partly dependent
on the capacity of spatial working memory as measured by the Corsi Blocks Test. We argue that these results clarify the processes
of the construction of a spatial mental model, and confirm that the visuo-spatial working memory is involved in mental imagery. 相似文献
69.
70.
Caterina Gozzoli Antonino Giorgi Chiara D’Angelo 《World Futures: Journal of General Evolution》2014,70(7):401-425
This work aims at thoroughly studying a phenomenon that today is still not really discussed (i.e., the criminal organization called ‘Ndrangheta). We will particularly deal with the culture and organizational structure of this Mafia phenomenon and analyze its new territories of infiltration and domination (the region of Lombardy, in Northern Italy) after its migration from its original territory (the region of Calabria in Southern Italy). From the review of the existing literature on ‘Ndrangheta, we can actually point out that the contributions on the theme deal with the Mafia phenomenon, circumscribing it in its original territory, therefore mostly adopting a sociological and historical viewpoint. Up to today, nobody addressed ‘Ndrangheta outside these territorial boundaries and adopting a psychological viewpoint, which is the one this contribution starts from. In more specific terms, a text is analyzed, which is composed by the reports of the pre-trial detention order called Crimine-Infinito [Endless Crime], promoted by investigators in 2010 and so far one of the most relevant actions to fight against ‘Ndrangheta. 相似文献