Transactional Processes Among Childhood Maltreatment,Self-Control and Aggression in Early Adolescence: Disentangling Between- and Within-Person Associations

Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology - Previous research has investigated the associations among childhood maltreatment, self-control, and aggression among adolescents without...     

A New Second-Generation Mindfulness-Based Intervention Focusing on Well-Being: A Randomized Control Trial of Mindfulness-Based Positive Psychology

Second-generation mindfulness-based interventions (SG-MBIs) align well with positive psychology philosophy and practices, but trials of SG-MBIs have largely focused on ill-being. This study developed a mindfulness-based positive psychology (MBPP) intervention integrating positive psychology with an SG-MBI to enhance well-being. A randomized control trial was performed to compare MBPP with a waitlist condition among 138 Chinese participants. The results showed that MBPP significantly reduced negative emotions for subjective well-being and significantly improved environmental mastery for psychological well-being. Improvements in self-compassion and negative attitudes but not avoidance, mediated changes in well-being. Changes in positive emotions, positive relations, and awareness were associated with the amount of meditation practice. These findings showed that MBPP is promising for improving well-being and that the positive psychology components play important roles. Broadly, the study illustrated that positive psychology and SG-MBIs can be effectively integrated, and it supported the further application of SG-MBIs from the positive psychology perspective.

     

儿童同伴尊重的发展及社交领导性的影响: 三年追踪

对285名小学三年级和四年级儿童进行了连续三年的追踪调查,分析了儿童同伴尊重发展趋势及其在群体间的差异,探讨了社交领导性在儿童同伴尊重发展中的预测作用。结果表明：（1）童年中后期儿童与同伴之间的获得尊重与表现尊重具有显著增长趋势;（2）三年间女孩的表现尊重均高于男孩但增长速度无差异;女孩的获得尊重增长速度高于男孩;（3）儿童的社交领导性能够显著正向预测儿童同伴尊重的发展趋势。     

真实型领导对教师知识分享行为的影响:组织支持感的中介和调节作用*

为了探讨真实型领导、组织支持感和教师知识分享行为的关系,对330个有效教师样本进行研究。结果发现:(1)真实型领导对教师的知识分享行为具有显著的预测作用(β=0.494,p<0.001)。(2)组织支持感在两者之间具有部分中介作用,间接效应占总效应的44.8%。(3)组织支持感在真实型领导的下属导向、领导特质、诚实不欺和正直无私与知识分享行为的关系中起调节作用,但在循规蹈矩与知识分享行为的关系中的调节作用不显著。     

斯宾诺莎对圣经的历史批判与诠释

斯宾诺莎的<神学政治论>,在圣经诠释历史上堪称是里程碑式的著作.他通过质疑作为真理之标准与公众法律之来源的圣经,倡导思想、言说与著述的自由.他对圣经研究最具原创性的贡献,并不在于其探求真理所坚持的理性主义标准,而在于对圣经文本自身及其内容所进行的历史理解.本文将简介斯宾诺莎对圣经诠释的历史批判方法,并兼及述评.     

盆底重建手术并发症及其治疗

盆腔器官脱垂(pelvic organs prolapse,POP)是中老年女性常见疾病,严重影响患者生活质量,盆底重建手术用于治疗POP效果确切,复发率低.随着盆底重建手术的推广应用,手术相关并发症日益受到关注,如何防范和治疗并发症成为一个值得深入探讨和总结的问题.本文对盆底重建手术并发症的诊疗进展进行综述,为手术医师提供指导,提高手术安全性和有效性.     

Emotion identification across adulthood using the Dynamic FACES database of emotional expressions in younger,middle aged,and older adults

Facial stimuli are widely used in behavioural and brain science research to investigate emotional facial processing. However, some studies have demonstrated that dynamic expressions elicit stronger emotional responses compared to static images. To address the need for more ecologically valid and powerful facial emotional stimuli, we created Dynamic FACES, a database of morphed videos (n?=?1026) from younger, middle-aged, and older adults displaying naturalistic emotional facial expressions (neutrality, sadness, disgust, fear, anger, happiness). To assess adult age differences in emotion identification of dynamic stimuli and to provide normative ratings for this modified set of stimuli, healthy adults (n?=?1822, age range 18–86 years) categorised for each video the emotional expression displayed, rated the expression distinctiveness, estimated the age of the face model, and rated the naturalness of the expression. We found few age differences in emotion identification when using dynamic stimuli. Only for angry faces did older adults show lower levels of identification accuracy than younger adults. Further, older adults outperformed middle-aged adults’ in identification of sadness. The use of dynamic facial emotional stimuli has previously been limited, but Dynamic FACES provides a large database of high-resolution naturalistic, dynamic expressions across adulthood. Information on using Dynamic FACES for research purposes can be found at http://faces.mpib-berlin.mpg.de.     

制度反腐:问题、依据与原则

本文以党的十七大精神为指导,运用马克思主义的立场、观点和方法,立足我国当前实际,对目前反腐制度存在的不足、制度反腐的可能与应当遵循的原则进行了深入探讨.     

为柯亨的平等主义风尚辩护

柯亨认为,罗尔斯差别原则的真正实现,不仅需要公正的强制性规则,而且还需要一种贯穿个人选择之中的平等主义风尚。对于这种平等主义风尚,有妨碍职业自由、伤害到最不利者的尊严以及这种风尚无法实现三种反对意见,但这些反对并不成功。同时,也存在从保护职业自由的角度、从用好"才能"的角度、从运用辩护性共同体的角度三种修正平等主义风尚的方法,其中前两种修正存在一定问题,第三种则更为成功。