19世纪西方医学对精神疾病诊治的影响

精神疾病是现代困扰人类的主要疾病之一。通过总结19世纪西方医学对精神疾病的认识及主要治疗方法,拟展现这个世纪中治疗方法随观念变化和实践深入而发展的轨迹,旨在说明19世纪是西医精神病学发展史上的重要时期,并揭示其与现代精神疾病治疗的历史传承性。     

韩愈与道教——兼论其对现代道教发展的意义

韩愈排斥道教,但他又与道教有相当的瓜蔓。从韩愈对道教的态度、与道教徒交往及其祭神活动三个方面可看出韩愈与道教的关联的复杂性。以此为基础,反思道教在现时代应在理解世界、贞定生命意义,培养道教人才方面进行创造性转换,从而开显出道教所具有的引领人走入新的生命境界之功。     

在中国道教协会成立五十周年庆祝大会上的贺词

尊敬的各位领导,尊敬的任法融会长,各教同仁、各位朋友:今天,我们在庄严的人民大会堂隆重集会,热烈庆祝中国道教协会成立五十周年。我受委托谨代表中国伊斯兰教协会、中国天主教两会、中国基督教两会、中国佛教协会,向中国道教协会和全国广大道教界的朋友们致以诚挚的问候,向出席大会的各位领导、各教同仁、各位朋友表示衷心的祝福!     

Bayesian integration of spatial information

Spatial judgments and actions are often based on multiple cues. The authors review a multitude of phenomena on the integration of spatial cues in diverse species to consider how nearly optimally animals combine the cues. Under the banner of Bayesian perception, cues are sometimes combined and weighted in a near optimal fashion. In other instances when cues are combined, how optimal the integration is might be unclear. Only 1 cue may be relied on, or cues may seem to compete with one another. The authors attempt to bring some order to the diversity by taking into account the subjective discrepancy in the dictates of multiple cues. When cues are too discrepant, it may be best to rely on 1 cue source. When cues are not too discrepant, it may be advantageous to combine cues. Such a dual principle provides an extended Bayesian framework for understanding the functional reasons for the integration of spatial cues.     

Ketamine "unlocks" the reduced clock-speed effects of cocaine following extended training: evidence for dopamine--glutamate interactions in timing and time perception

The present study examined the clock-speed modulating effects of acute cocaine administration in groups of male rats that received different amounts of baseline training on a 36-s peak-interval procedure prior to initial drug injection. After injection of cocaine (10, 15, or 20mg/kg, ip), rats that had received a minimal amount of training (e.g., or=180 sessions) prior to cocaine (15 mg/kg, ip) administration did not produce this "classic" curve-shift effect, but instead displayed a general disruption of temporal control following drug administration. Importantly, when co-administered with a behaviorally ineffective dose of ketamine (10mg/kg, ip) the ability of cocaine to modulate clock speed in rats receiving extended training was restored. A glutamate "lock/unlock" hypothesis is used to explain the observed dopamine-glutamate interactions as a function of timing behaviors becoming learned habits.     

A study of the perceived recognition affecting the adoption of innovation with respect to the online game in Taiwan.

The potential of online games to become a major global business and the existence of limited related references led to the current study. In this study, Rogers's diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory is applied to investigate the principles for the adoption of online games in Taiwan. The findings suggest that relative advantages and compatibility both have a significant effect on the adoption of online games for purposes of amusement, with the former being more important for early gamers and the latter being regarded as more critical for later gamers. In addition, complexity is found to impede online game diffusion and is regarded as the most important facilitator.     

当代德语学界的经典解释

德语学界哲学经典解释传统源远流长,从历史上看有三条线索可寻:一即批判哲学至古典唯心论一系,二为施莱尔马赫、小施莱格尔的浪漫派一线,三是自沃尔夫和伯克以来的历史考证语文学学派。本文结合作者在德国读书学习时获得的第一手讯息,对这三个学派对当今德国哲学经典解释学界发生的影响和它们目前的动向,作了一番简要的介绍。     

不同呈现方式的网页广告的眼动研究

选择25名视力正常的大学生,用眼动仪记录他们浏览不同呈现方式、不同位置的网页广告的眼动过程。结果发现：1．对于不同呈现方式的网页广告,从记忆成绩看：彩色组显著优于黑白组,两者与动画组没有显著差异;从眼动指标看：动画组和彩色组的注视次数和注视时的明显高于黑白组。2．网页广告的位置对被试的记忆成绩与眼动模式有一定的影响,表现为上部与中部注视次数增加,注视时间长。记忆成绩也表现为差异显著,中部与上部的记忆效果好。     

汉词和图画再认的ERP效应及脑机制

目的：比较汉词与图画材料再认过程中的事件相关电位（ERP）表现并探讨其脑机制。方法：使用经典“学习一再认”实验模式对21名大学生进行测验,同时记录EEG,离线处理后对汉词及图画再认诱发的ERP波形主要成分及新旧效应进行比较。结果：两种材料的再认均诱发出了明显的新旧效应。顶区新旧效应头皮分布基本一致,但图画再认该效应波幅大于汉词再认;两种材料诱发的额区新旧效应有所不同,图画再认该效应为正走向,而汉词再认此效应表现为负走向趋势。结论：汉词与图画再认既存在某种共同的神经加工机制,叉分别涉及一些特异性的神经活动模式。     

Job search methods,job search outcomes,and job satisfaction of college graduates: a comparison of race and sex

A nationally representative sample of college graduates (N =11,152) were surveyed regarding their job‐seeking behaviors and outcomes. Race and sex differences among the job search strategies used, number of job interviews, number of job offers, annual salary, and job satisfaction were examined. Results indicated significant race and sex differences in job search methods used. There were significant differences in underemployment and job satisfaction as a function of race, and in underemployment and annual salary as a function of sex. There were no significant differences in number of job interviews or job offers regardless of race or sex.