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91.
Ingrid Schoon Helen Cheng Catharine R. Gale G. David Batty Ian J. Deary 《Intelligence》2010,38(1):144-150
We examined the prospective associations between family socio-economic background, childhood intelligence (g) at age 11, educational and occupational attainment, and social attitudes at age 33 in a large (N = 8804), representative sample of the British population born in 1958. Structural equation Modeling identified a latent trait of ‘liberal social attitudes’ underlying attitude factors that are antiracist, socially liberal, and in support of gender equality. Another attitude factor—‘political trust’—was relatively independent from the latent attitude trait and has somewhat different pathways in relation to the other variables included in the analysis. There was a direct association between higher g at age 11 and more liberal social attitudes and political trust at age 33. For both men and women the association between g and liberal social attitudes was partly mediated via educational qualifications, and to a much lesser extent via adult occupational attainment. For women the association between g and political trust was partly mediated through both educational qualification and occupational attainment, and for men it was mediated mainly via occupational attainment. Men and women who had higher educational qualifications and higher occupational status tend to be more socially liberal and more trusting of the democratic political system. In terms of socio-economic background, people from less privileged families showed less political trust, but did not differ much in liberal social attitudes from those born into relatively more privileged circumstances. This study shows that social background, cognitive ability, education, and own social status influence perceptions of society. 相似文献
92.
夹注是我国传统文献注解的一种形式,是正文的补充和延展。夹注是《读书杂志》常采用的注解方式之一,其内容十分丰富。文章以《读〈管子〉杂志》为例,总结分析了《读书杂志》中夹注的五项主要内容:举例、注音、说明原因、标明互见之所、纠误。 相似文献
93.
本文对月称《清净句》龙树《中论》第22品注疏做了一个较为细致的考察。根据月称《中论》传本,重新翻译了龙树此品颂文;对《中论》此品四家传本之异同进行了比勘;详细解说了月称此品注疏的要点;并对中国三论宗祖师吉藏关于《中论》第22品分章问题,给予重新检讨和分析。希望藉此研究,推动龙树研究、《中论》研究以及中观学派思想史研究走向新的层次。 相似文献
94.
95.
The theory of planned behavior has been applied to sports and exercise behaviors. According to this theory, human intention to take action in a specific context is guided by three antecedents: attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control. Behavioral intention mediates the relationships between these three considerations and its ultimate performance. However, this theory has seldom been applied to the behaviors of spectators of sporting events. A sample of 269 volleyball spectators in Taiwan was studied to examine whether people's intention mediated their attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control toward a given behavior, watching the 2010 Fédération Internationale de Volleyball World Grand Prix in Taipei. Regression analyses did not support behavioral intention as a mediator. This result is discussed in the context of planned behavior. 相似文献
96.
数学焦虑研究的认知取向 总被引:22,自引:3,他引:22
数学焦虑一直是心理学界研究和讨论的热点问题。本文主要从认知的角度对数学焦虑进行解释,并以此揭示数学焦虑的心理机制和思维规律。 相似文献
97.
Widowhood and the Subjective Well-Being of Older People in China: the Mediating Effects of Lifestyle
Cheng Xinfeng Li Xiaomin Liu Huijun Cosco Theodore D. Duan Wenjie 《Applied research in quality of life》2021,16(2):875-890
Applied Research in Quality of Life - Previous research has illustrated that lifestyle is correlated with widowhood and subjective well-being amongst older people; however, few studies have... 相似文献
98.
本研究以小学五年级292名学生为对象,考察了三种思维训练方式(元认知内隐训练、元认知外显训练和一般思维策略训练)对三种不同认知方式学生(场独立型、场依存型和中间型)数学应用题解题能力的影响。结果发现:(1)思维策略的元认知外显训练和元认知内隐训练比一般思维策略训练能蜓有效地提高场依存型、中间型和场独立型三类学生的应用题解题能力:(2)元认知外显训练和内隐训练对于场独立型和中间型学生同等重要。但元认知外显训练更有助于场依存型学生应用题解题能力的提高。成为该类学生的优势圳练方式;(3)在小学五年级.场独立型学生的应用题解题能力明显优于场依存型学生的应用题解题能力。 相似文献
99.
Tony Cheng 《Metaphilosophy》2018,49(4):548-567
This paper investigates the complicated relations between various versions of naturalism, behaviorism, and mentalism within the framework of W. V. O. Quine's thinking. It begins with Roger Gibson's reconstruction of Quine's behaviorisms and argues that it lacks a crucial ontological element and misconstrues the relation between philosophy and science. After getting clear of Quine's naturalism, the paper distinguishes between evidential, methodological, and ontological behaviorisms. The evidential and methodological versions are often conflated, but they need to be clearly distinguished in order to see whether Quine's argument against mentalism is cogent. The paper argues that Quine's naturalism supports only the weakest version of behaviorism, that is, the evidential one, but this version is compatible with mentalistic semantics. Quine's opposition to mentalism is an overreaction against the behaviorist camp. By contrast, Jerry Fodor's objection to José Luis Bermúdez is an overreaction from the opposite direction. 相似文献
100.
Ivy Cheng Jennifer M. Taber Nicolle Simonovic Karin G. Coifman Pooja G. Sidney Christopher A. Was Clarissa A. Thompson 《Social and Personality Psychology Compass》2023,17(11):e12867
Given that risk beliefs predict engagement in behaviors to prevent disease, it is important to understand the factors associated with risk beliefs. In the present paper, we conducted path analyses to investigate the associations of belief systems (political orientation and cultural worldviews of individualism and hierarchy) with COVID-19 risk beliefs (i.e., perceived likelihood, perceived severity, and worry about disease; Studies 1 and 2), and the indirect effect through trust in information sources in these relationships (Study 1). Two online panels of U.S. adults were surveyed at three timepoints during the COVID-19 pandemic (Study 1: baseline n = 1,667, 1-year follow-up n = 551; Study 2: n = 404). Results of path analyses indicated that, across studies and timepoints, when controlling for political orientation, trust, and demographic factors, greater individualism had consistent significant direct effects on lower perceived severity and worry about COVID-19, whereas greater hierarchy had consistent significant direct effects on lower perceived severity. However, after accounting for cultural worldviews of individualism and hierarchy (and trust and demographic factors), none of the associations among political orientation and any of the three COVID-19 risk beliefs were significant. The test of indirect effects indicated that individualism and hierarchy were indirectly associated with lower perceived severity of and worry about COVID-19 through less trust. The findings suggest that cultural worldviews of individualism and hierarchy play a role in shaping people's risk beliefs. 相似文献