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71.
Previous research has demonstrated that older adults are more susceptible than young adults to context-induced biases in social judgments. The primary goal of this study was to examine the conditions under which older adults could or could not correct their biases. Young and older adults completed a social judgment task that normally would produce contrast biases in 3 correction cue conditions: no cue, subtle cue, and blatant cue. It was found that both young and older adults corrected their biases in the blatant cue condition, but only young adults corrected in the subtle cue condition. The results suggest that older adults may need more environmental support in correcting their biases. 相似文献
72.
73.
Transfer of value from fit 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Higgins ET Chen Idson L Freitas AL Spiegel S Molden DC 《Journal of personality and social psychology》2003,84(6):1140-1153
People experience regulatory fit when they pursue a goal in a manner that sustains their regulatory orientation (E. T. Higgins, 2000). Five studies tested whether the value experienced from regulatory fit can transfer to a subsequent evaluation of an object. In Studies 1 and 2, participants gave the same coffee mug a higher price if they had chosen it with a strategy that fit their orientation (eager strategy/promotion; vigilant strategy/prevention) than a strategy that did not fit. Studies 3-5 investigated possible mechanisms underlying this effect. Value transfer was independent of positive mood, perceived effectiveness (instrumentality), and perceived efficiency (ease), and occurred for an object that w as independent of the fit process itself. The findings supported a value confusion account of transfer. 相似文献
74.
中小学生对父母管教信息的认知、情绪与行为反应倾向 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
运用情境模拟的方法,对中小学生对父母管教信息的认知、情绪与行为反应倾向进行了研究。被试是616名中小学生。结果表明:(1)小学中年级以上学生对家长管教信息的情绪有较准确的认知;(2)不同管教信息的教育效能有优劣之分:诱导教诲最能引起被试的正面反应,其次是困扰担忧,伤心失望能引起部分学生的顺从反应,愤怒批评易引起子女的消极情绪和对抗行为。(3)父亲发出的管教信息比母亲更具权威性,更易引起子女积极的情绪体验与行为倾向。(4)学生对家长管教信息的反应具有明显的年龄和性别差异,小学生比中学生更易接受、顺从家长管教,女生比男生易产生更多的积极情绪与服从行为。(5)被试的认知评价与其情绪反应、行为倾向有较高的一致性。学生对父母管教信息的情绪体验和行为反应很大程度上取决于对管教信息的认知。如果学生的认知较为积极,更易引起积极的情绪体验和行为倾向。 相似文献
75.
In this study, we describe and analyze the ways in which high school students explored a virtual solar system (VSS). VSS is
a nonimmersive virtual environment that affords visual manipulations of space by altering its frame of reference. The Observer
software was used to code and analyze the participants’ real-time free-exploration task. Two basic behaviors were identified
across participants: establishing several home bases, and shifting between a still mode and a dynamic mode. Moreover, three
overall exploration patterns emerged: thebutterfly pattern represents a superficial mode of learning; thebee pattern represents an in-depth mode of studying the various celestial objects; and theeagle pattern represents a global approach of studying the complex system. This virtual reality environment promises to provide
a setting in which to further study consistent patterns and individual differences in exploration strategies. 相似文献
76.
知识图对阅读的作用研究现状述评 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
知识图作为辅助阅读的一种方式,其辅助作用已为大量的研究所证实。本文介绍了知识图的概念和种类及其影响因素等方面研究的基本发现和结论。但目前对知识图作用的研究还停留在对辅助作用的方式的探讨上,对机制问题的研究数量和质量上都需加强。 相似文献
77.
Z Y Chen 《Psychological reports》1999,84(2):501-516
This study has conducted an ethnic comparison on the strength of the association between Individuation, a subscale from the Emotional Autonomy construct presented originally by Steinberg and Silverberg in 1986, and adolescent outcomes in terms of self-esteem and susceptibility to negative peer pressure. Consistent with what was expected, the association between Individuation and lowered self-esteem was more salient among 287 Asian-American adolescent boys than among 1,353 Euro-American adolescent boys. Contrary to what was hypothesized, the association between Individuation and susceptibility to negative peer pressure was more pronounced among 1,573 Euro-American adolescent girls than among 292 Asian-American adolescent girls. 相似文献
78.
陈清 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》1999,20(4):3-4
流行病学随医学的发展而发展,同时,它的发展对整个医学学科的发展也产生了重大的影响。从流行病学对医学思维、医学研究方法、医学模式及医学目的的实现等几个方面讨论了该学科在现代医学发展中的作用和地位。 相似文献
79.
Richard Schweickert Shengbao Chen Marie Poirier 《International journal of psychology》1999,34(5-6):447-453
Factors affecting immediate serial recall of individual items can be classified according to whether they influence the degradation of the representation, or influence the ability to redintegrate a degraded representation. For recall of entire lists, factors can be classified according to whether or not they influence the rate at which items are recalled. We review experiments in order to classify the factors of serial position, word length, word frequency, and lexicality. We propose that the two classification systems coincide, at least for those factors whose classification is known for both schemes. We end by considering whether probability of recall of an entire list might be predicted from probability of recall of individual items. 相似文献
80.
Previous research has found that donors' social class affects their own charitable giving. This research explores the effect of donors' social class on others' donation behavior. Specifically, we propose that individuals feel more inspired to engage in prosocial behavior after learning about low-social-class donors (vs. high-social-class donors) perform the giving behavior. A series of five studies, combining online and experimental data, provide converging support for this proposition and its underlying mechanism of inspiration. Furthermore, we show that the effect of donors' social class on individuals' donation behavior is attenuated when the donation currency is goods (instead of money). The article concludes with implications for the marketing of charities and prosocial behaviors. 相似文献